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Johanes C Mose
(Rudyard Kipling)
PENGETAHUAN
(KNOWLEDGE)
METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
PENELITIAN (RESEARCH)
ILMIAH
ILMU
(SCIENCE)
METODE PENELITIAN ILMIAH :
■ QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
■ QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
■ MIXED METHODS RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
■ Is a means for exploring and understanding
the meanings individuals or groups ascribe to
a social or human problem.
■ The process involves emerging questions and
procedures, data and analysis inductively
building from particulars to general themes,
and making interpretations of the meaning of
the data.
PARADIGMA PENELITIAN KUALITATIF
INDUKTIF
NALAR INDUKTIF-NONHIPOTETIKAL
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
■ Is a means for testing objective theories by
examining the relationship among variables.
These variables can be measured, typically
on instruments, so that numbered data can
be analysed using statistical procedures.
■ Have assumptions about testing theories
deductively, protects against bias, controlling
for alternative explanations, generalize and
replicate the findings.
PARADIGMA PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF
DEDUKTIF
NALAR DEDUKTIF-HIPOTETIKAL
MIXED METHODS RESEARCH
■ Is an approach to inquiry that combines or
associates both quantitative and qualitative
forms. It involves philosophical assumptions,
the use of both approaches, and mixing it in
a study.
■ More than simply collecting and analyzing
both kinds of data; it also involves the use of
both approaches in tandem, so overall
strength of a study is greater.
FOUR PHILOSOPHICAL WORLDVIEWS
1. POSTPOSITIVISM 2. CONSTRUCTIVISM
✓ Determination ➢ Understanding
➢ Political actions
➢ Empowerment issue- ➢ Problem-centered
oriented ➢ Pluralistic
➢ Collaborative ➢ Real-world practice
➢ Change-oriented oriented
STRATEGY OF INQUIRY
Quantitative QUALITATIVE MIXED METHODS
LATARBELAKANG RUMUSAN
PENELITIAN TEMA SENTRAL MASALAH
PROSES : LOGICO-DEDUCTO-HYPOTETICA
BAB II : KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN,
DAN HIPOTESIS
KAJIAN KERANGKA
PEMIKIRAN PREMIS HIPOTESIS
PUSTAKA
PROSES : LOGIGO-DEDUCTO-HYPOTETICA
BAB : III, IV
METODE, HASIL,
SIMPULAN
PEMBAHASAN
OBSERVASIONAL/ INTERVENSIONAL/
SURVAI EKSPERIMENTAL
➢RASIO PREVALENS :
✓ > 1 : FAKTOR TERSEBUT ADALAH FAKTOR
RISIKO
✓ = 1 : BUKAN FAKTOR RISIKO
✓ < 1 : FAKTOR PROTEKTIF
Populasi
(sample)
Faktor Faktor
risiko (+) risiko (-)
POPULASI
(SAMPEL)
1. RASIO ODDS
EFEK
YA TIDAK JUMLAH
---------------------------------------------------------------
FAKTOR YA A B A+B
RISIKO
TIDAK C D C+D
---------------------------------------------------------------
JUMLAH A+C B+D A+B+C+D
p (r-1)
PAR = ---------------
P (r-1) –1
EFEK (+)
FAKTOR RISIKO (+) PROSPEKTIF
1. UJI KLINIS
2. PENELITIAN INTERVENSI/OPERASIONAL
UJI KLINIS :
KELOMPOK EFEK ?
PERLAKUAN
SUBJEK
PENELITI R
AN
KELOMPOK
KONTROL EFEK ?
Rancangan Penelitian Uji
Klinis (Clinical Trial)
1. RANCANGAN PARALEL
SUBJEK
PENELITIAN R