UNIVERSAL MAGNETO RESISTIVE

CURRENT SENSORS
EARLIER SOLUTIONS
• To measure voltage drop across resistor placed in current path
• Use A transformer

• Hall effect current sensors

SENSORS
• Importance of sensors

* Current is fed to computers in which sensors

convert it to propotional voltage.

* Minimum influence on measured circuit

INTRODUCTION
• Measurement of electric current strength is difficult
for electronic conditioning
• Connecting ammeter and reading out values are not
valid
• Galvanic isolation and band width
• Physically large and technically complex
MAGNETO RESISTIVE EFFECT
• Slight changes in resistance when ferro magnetic
materials are placed in magnetic field
• A prefferd orientation of magnetisation when
exposed to magnetic field
• Magnetic moment along linear axis could be changed
by applying magnetic field which result in increase
in current
ADVANTAGES OF MAGNETO
RESISTORS
• CONFIGURED AS WHEATSTONE BRIDGE

• USED AT HIGH FREQUANCY

• USED AT HIGH TEMPERATURE

• HIGH SENSITIVITY
CONSTRUCION DIAGRAMS
CONSTRUCTION
• Configured as full bridge with Baber poles placed in
opposite direction to improve temperature
dependence
• Electrically isolated aluminium compensation
conductors are used on same substrate above alloy
resistors to improve linearity
• Voltage drop across resistor forms electrical output
signal
• Primary conductor is u shaped
FEATURES

1. No magnetic shielding needed

2. Easy fabrication
3. Power consumption is 320mwto 640mw
The latest type of magnetoresistive current sensor is placed into a
slot in a straight conductor.
ADVANTAGES
• Smaller volume and weight
• withstand the overload
• Measurement of dc and ac current with out
additional losses
• Wide frequency range
• Low system cost
 APPLICATIONS

1. SPACE ROBOTICS

MR sensors used in “Curiosity”

2.AUTOMOTIVE

AMR based wheel speed sensor for automotive applications

3.TEMPERATURE INDICATION

sensor dipped into liquid nitrogen

4.POWER ELECTRONICS SYSTEM

PCB from Electrical Environmental Control

5.MECHANICAL APPLICATION

Mechnical Riveting tool

LATEST SENSORS
• Primary conductor is usually flat
• Sensor module is clipped into a slot made in it
• Sensors are mounted on substrate and encapsulated
in plastic
• They are small compact light cheap and easy to
mount
CURRENT SENSORS IN TOMMORROWS
CARS
Many components operated by cars engine will in
future operate on electricity
It require three phase mosfet alternator
2 phases require magneto resistance current
sensors
CONCLUSION
• MR sensors which have fast and revolutionary changes
in current measurement and it’s conditioning .
• Attempts are going on to make it more user friendly.
• In the next few decades magneto resistors and it’s
sensors are predicted to replace the conventional
resistors in all applications.
REFERENCE
• Interfacing optical current sensors in a substation, by J D
T hradluik , July 2001 summer power meeting
• Magnetic sensor,by DAFINA TANASE, DELFT
university of technology . page no 868 – 871.
• Hall sensors , Japanese journal of applied physics ,
volume 43,2004,page no: 777 –778.
• Optically powered current transformer for metering
protection, www.Photonics.Com
• Www.Sensitec.Com