UNDERSTANDING THE SELF

DESIGNED TO HELP STUDENTS UNDERSTAND THE NATURE OF IDENTITY

INCLUDING FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE AND SHAPE PERSONAL IDENTITY
 PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE SELF

SOCRATES
“Know thyself”, his explanation to explain why he has no time for the attempts to
rationally explain mythology or other far flung topics.

“But I have no leisure for them at all; and the reason, my friend, is this: I am not
yet able, as the Delphic inscription has it, to know myself; so it seems to me
ridiculous, when I do not yet know that, to investigate irrelevant things.

He later expounded the phrase. “The unexamined life is not worth living”.
Understanding thyself would have a greater yielded factor of understanding the
nature of human being.

Syllogistically, understanding oneself would enable thyself to have an

understanding of others as a result.
Plato
“The first and greatest victory is to conquer yourself; to be conquered by
yourself is of all things most shameful and vile.”

Augustine
“The purpose of all wars is peace.”

Thomas Aquinas
“The things we love tell us what we are”

Rene Descartes
“You just keep pushing. You just keep pushing. I made every mistake that
could be made. But I just kept pushing.”
 Sociology: The Self and the Development
of the Social World

Albert Bandura (Social Cognitive Theory)

He told to Richard Evans (Evans, 1989) that his decision to become a psychologist
was quite accidental; that is, it was the result of a fortuitous event.

Observational learning requires (AOBM)

• Attention to a model
• Organization and retention of observations
• Behavioral production
• Motivation to perform the modeled behavior
Enactive Learning
• takes place when our responses produce consequences.

Week 4: The Self and Culture [How to be a good Filipino?]

1) Be an Active Filipino Citizen

- Aware of the current events
- Aim for the country’s progression and development
- Exercising your right to vote

2) Study the Philippine History

- Learn why it is important for you to love your country
with your life
- Extend help to your fellow Filipinos in need

3) Support Local Products

- Help strengthen the local economy
4) Steak the Filipino Language
- it is the way of displaying the love for one’s country
- serves as unique identifier of being a Filipino.
5) Do not spread fake news
- understand and verify what you read online.

Filipino Values and Traits

1) Filipino Hospitality 9) Mañana Habit

2) Po at Opo 10) Ningas Kugon

3) Close family ties 11) Pride

4) Cheerful Personality 12) Crab Mentality

5) Self-sacrifice 13) Filipino Time

6) Bayanihan 14) Superstitions

7) Bahala na 15) Myths and Legends

8) Colonial Mentality 16) Heroes and Icons

B.F. Skinner

Grew up in a comfortable, happy, upper-middle-class home where his parents practice

the values of temperance, service, honesty, and hardwork.

One week before his death, he delivered an emotional address to the American
Psychological Association (APA) convention in which he continued his advocacy of
racial behaviorism.

At this convention, he received an unprecedented Citation for the Outstanding Lifetime

Contribution to Psychology, the only person to receive such an award in the history of
APA.
B.F. Skinner’s (Operant Conditioning)
Shaping
• The child can reach the final target behavior only if the parent breaks up the
complex behavior into its component parts and then reinforces successive
approximations to each response.
• The ABC’s of Behavior: Antecedent, Behavior, and the Consequence.

Positive Reinforcement
• Presentation of beneficial stimulus such as money, foods, gifts, and etc. to
strengthen behavior. Parents should rely more on using praises as
reinforcement for their children’s behavior.
Negative Reinforcement
• Requires removal of aversive stimuli such as anxiety, fear, disgust, discomfort,
and etc. in order to strengthen behavior.
• Avoidance of injury, disease, and others may also count as negative
reinforcement, as with providing vaccination for their children to avoid
accumulating dangerous health risks.