PART

Fundamental Properties
.1Fundamental Properties

Integral numbers
are the
fountainhead of all
mathematics.

Hermann Minkowski (1864-1909), a German mathematician

 The World of Integers
.1Fundamental Properties

𝒁 = {… , −𝟑, −𝟐, −𝟏, 𝟎, 𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, … }

 Geometrical Representation of the Set of Integers:
The Number Line
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
.1Fundamental Properties

-∞ -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ∞
POSITIVE INTEGERS
 Geometrical Representation of the Set of Integers:
The Number Line
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
.1Fundamental Properties

-∞ -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ∞

WHOLE NUMBERS
 Geometrical Representation of the Set of Integers:
The Number Line
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
.1Fundamental Properties

-∞ -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ∞

NEGATIVE INTEGERS
.1Fundamental Properties
The Order Relation
.1Fundamental Properties
The Law of Trichotomy
.1Fundamental Properties
Theorem 1.1
.1Fundamental Properties
.1Fundamental Properties
.1Fundamental Properties
.1Fundamental Properties
Absolute Value
.1Fundamental Properties
Example 1.1.1

3
7
.1Fundamental Properties
Example 1.1.1
.1Fundamental Properties
Floor and Ceiling Functions
 Floor and Ceiling Functions
Example 1.1.2
.1Fundamental Properties
.1Fundamental Properties Simple Applications of Floor Functions
.1Fundamental Properties Simple Applications of Floor Functions
 Simple Applications of Ceiling Functions
.1Fundamental Properties
.1Fundamental Properties
Theorem 1.2
.1Fundamental Properties Example 1.1.3
.1Fundamental Properties Example 1.1.3
 Self Assessment Questions
.1Fundamental Properties
.1Fundamental Properties
.1Fundamental Properties

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Additional Exercises

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.1Fundamental Properties
 ANSWERS to Self Assessment Questions
.1Fundamental Properties
 ANSWERS to Self Assessment Questions
.1Fundamental Properties
 ANSWERS to Self Assessment Questions
.1Fundamental Properties
 ANSWERS to Self Assessment Questions
.1Fundamental Properties