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THE ORBIT
A FIXED LEARNING MODULE
COMPILED BY
Assoc Prof dr Hamiadji Tanuseputro

If any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all
liberally and without reproach, and it will be given to him
(James 1:5)

Hamiadji T. 2014.
2 Superior Orbital Fissure Optic Canal

Inferior Orbital Fissure

Medial Walls are parallel, Lateral Walls

converged to the medial cranial fossa
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PERIORBITA

RETROBULBAR
FAT

Fascia of Orbit (Periorbita)

covers the Contents of Orbit

The Retrobulbar Fat provide

padding and isolation of eye ball
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Extra-ocular Muscles (III, IV, VI)

5 Eye ball

The Common Tendineous Ring

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The chief contents of the orbit. A, superior orbital fissure and optic
canal, anterior aspect. The optic canal and adjacent part of the fissure
are surrounded by the common tendinous ring, from which the four recti
arise. The lacrimal, frontal, and trochlear nerves enter the orbit above
the ring. The superior and inferior ophthalmic veins leave the orbit
usually above and below the ring, respectively. The optic canalcontains
the optic nerve and the ophthalmic artery. The optic nerve is
surrounded by its dural sheath (and by the subarachnoid space, as
shown in figure
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BRACHES OF OPHTHALMIC ARTERY

VEINS COMMUNICATION AROUND

THE ORBIT
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OPHTHALMIC
DIV. OF NV.

NERVES TO
EXTRA-
OCULAR
MUSCLES &
AUTONOMIC
INNERVATION
OF EYE.
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The right orbit, from above. In A, the levator and superior

rectus have been removed to show the artery and nerves
that enter within the muscular cone. B is a superposable
view. Three nerves can be seen to enter the orbit above
the muscular cone.
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THE CILIARY GANGLION
CILIARY OCULOMOTOR NUCLEAR
GANGLION COMPLEX

TROCHLEAR
NUCLEUS

ABDUSENS NUCLEUS

MAXILLARY N (V2)
SPHENOPALATINE
GANGLION

MANDIBULAR N (V3)
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The ciliary ganglion and its
connections, lateral aspect.
Sympathetic fibers are also
distributed to the superior
tarsal muscle (Fig. 45-10).
Horner syndrome results
from interruption of the
sympathetic pathway
anywhere from the
hypothalamus
(diencephalon) to the eye,
e.g., by a tumor or by
intracranial thrombosis.
Fibers: parasympathetic
(green), sympathetic (red),
and afferent (blue);
preganglionic (continuous
lines) and postganglionic
(interrrupted and dotted
lines).
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In summary, the orbit communicates with the middle

cranial fossa (via the optic canal and superior orbital
fissure), the infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae ( via
the inferior orbital fissure), the inferior meatus of the nose
(via the nasolacrimal canal), the nasal cavity (via the
anterior ethmoidal foramen), and the face ( via
supraorbital and infraorbital foramina).