Types of Tissues Muscular and Nervous Tissue

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MACHALA
Quality, Relevance and Warmth

ACADEMIC UNIT OF CHEMICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
CAREER OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
Students:
Teacher: Mgs. Maribel Barreto
Jonathan Hurtado
Ricardo Ravelo
Class: 7° Semester «B»
Nathaly Santander
D2 - 2018
To describe the characteristics of nervous tissue, and describe the
types of muscle tissue.
TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MACHALA/ACADEMIC UNIT OF CHEMICAL AND HEALT
SCIENCES/SCHOOL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE/ TECHNICAL ENGLISH I
 Muscle tissue can be divided functionally, is it under

voluntary or involuntary control; and morphologically,
striated or non-striated.
 By applying these classifications three muscle types can
be described; skeletal, cardiac and smooth.
 Skeletal muscle is voluntary and striated, cardiac muscle is
involuntary and straited and smooth muscle is involuntary
and non-striated.
 https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-
ap/chapter/muscular-tissue/
MUSCLE TISSUE: Muscle is a soft tissue that is highly

specialized for the production of tension which results in
the generation of force.
Muscle cells, or myocytes, contain myofibrils comprised of

actin and myosin myofilaments which slide past each
other producing tension that changes the shape of the
myocyte.
Numerous myocytes make up muscle tissue and the

controlled production of tension in these cells can
generate significant force.
TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE: Muscle tissue can be

classified functionally, voluntary or involuntary and
morphologically striated or non-striated
By applying the above classifications it is possible to describe three forms of

muscle tissue which perform the wide range of functions described.
The three types of muscle tissue are

skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
SKELETAL MUSCLE: Skeletal muscle mainly

attaches to the skeletal system via tendons to
maintain posture and control movement
EXAMPLE
contraction of the biceps muscle, attached

to the scapula and radius, will raise the
forearm.
CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE: Cardiac muscle tissue is found only in the heart where
cardiac contractions pump blood throughout the body and maintain blood pressure.
SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUE: Smooth muscle tissue is

found associated with numerous other organs and tissue
systems such as the digestive system or respiratory
system.
It plays an important role in the regulation of flow in such

tissues for example aiding the movement of food through
the digestive system via peristalsis.
place the name of the muscle tissue to which each
graphic belongs.
NERVOUS tissues
 Nervous tissue is one of four major classes of tissues and

makes up the central nervous system and the peripheral
nervous system.
 Integration and communication are the two major functions
of nervous tissue.
KEY POINTS:  Nervous tissue contains two categories of cells — neurons
and neuroglia.
 Neurons are highly specialized nerve cells that generate and
conduct nerve impulses.
 Neuroglia are supporting cells that provide physical sport,
remove debris, and provide electrical insulation
 NERVOUS TISSUE: The principal constituent of the

central and peripheral nervous system, comprised neurons
and neuroglia cells.
DENDRITES: Dendrites are responsible for responding to stimuli; they receive incoming signals
towards the cell body. The axons are responsible for transmitting impulses over long distances from
cell body.
SCHWANN CELLS: In the peripheral nervous system,

Schwann cells are neuroglia cells that support neuronal function
by increasing the speed of impulse propagation.
NEURONS: Neurons are highly specialized nerve cells that

generate and conduct nerve impulses. A typical neuron consists
of dendrites, the cell body, and an axon.
TYPES OF NERVOUS TISSUE
Nervous tissue, one of the four main tissue

types, is composed of neurons and
supporting cells called neuroglia. Neuroglia
are also called “glial cells.”
NEUROGLIA: There are six types of neuroglia—four in the central nervous

system and two in the PNS. These glial cells are involved in many specialized
functions apart from support of the neurons.
MICROGLIAL CELLS: Microglial cells are small and

ovoid un shape with thorny processes. They are found in
the CNS.
SCHWANN CELLS: Schwann cells surround all nerve

fibers in the peripheral nervous system and form myelin
sheaths around the nerve fibers
ASTROCYTES: Astrocytes are shaped like a star and are the most abundant glial cell in the CNS.
They have many radiating processes which help in clinging to the neurons and capillaries. They
support and brace the neurons and anchor them to the nutrient supply lines.
OLIGODENDROCYTES: Oligodendrocytes line up along the

nerves and produce an insulating cover called myelin sheath.
They are found in the CNS.
EPENDYMAL CELLS: Ependymal cells are ciliated and line the central cavities of the brain and spinal
cord where they form a fairly permeable barrier between the cerebrospinal fluid that fills these cavities and
the tissue cells of the CNS.
NERVOUS FUNCTIONS
 Body’s master controlling and communicating system

 Three functions
 Sensory input
 Gathers information
from sensory receptors
 Integration
 Processes and interprets
sensory input
 Motor output
 Activates effector organs to cause a response
Nervous System Organization
ORGANIZATION
Two Principal Parts of the System
 Central nervous system (CNS)
 Brain and spinal cord
 Integrating and command center
 Interprets sensory input
 Dictates motor responses
 Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

 Nerves extending from brain and spinal cord
 Carry impulses to and from the CNS
Sensory division
• Afferent division
• Nerve fibers conveying impulses to the CNS
• Somatic afferent fibers convey impulses
from the skin, muscles, and joints
• Visceral afferent fibers convey impulses
from visceral organs
Motor division
• Efferent division
• Nerve fibers conveying impulses from the
CNS
Is located within the cranial cavity of the skull and consists of the cerebral hemispheres,
The Brain
diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum.
It is one of the largest organs in the

body, and coordinates most body
activities.
It is the center for all thought,

memory, judgment, and emotion.
Each part of the brain is responsible

for controlling different body
functions, such as temperature
regulation and breathing.
It is the largest section of the brain, located in the upper portion of the brain and is the
Cerebrum
area that processes thoughts, judgment, memory, problem solving, and language.
Frontal lobe: Most anterior portion of the

cerebrum, controls motor function, personality, and
speech
Parietal lobe: The most superior portion of the

cerebrum, receives and interprets nerve impulses
from sensory receptors and interprets language.
Occipital lobe: The most posterior portion of the

cerebrum, controls vision.
Temporal lobe: The left and right lateral portion of

the cerebrum, controls hearing and smell
Second largest portion of the brain, located beneath the posterior part of
the cerebrum
Aids in coordinating voluntary body movements and Refines the muscular movement that is initiated in the
maintaining balance and equilibrium cerebrum
Medulla oblongata: most

Midbrain: acts as a
Pons: means bridge inferior positioned portion
pathway for impulses to
connects the cerebellum of the brain; it connects
be conducted between the
to the rest of the brain. the brain to the spinal
brain and the spinal cord.
cord.
Runs through the vertebral canal, extends
Dura mater Arachnoid mater
from foramen magnum to 2nd lumbar vertebra
Outermost layer; continuous

with epineurium of the spinal Thin and wispy
nerves
Pia mater
Bound tightly to surface

8 cervical (C1-C8) nerves emerge
from the cervical spine; cervical 12 thoracic (T1-T12) nerves
means of the neck (there are 8 emerge from the thoracic spine;
cervical nerves, but only 7 cervical thoracic means of the chest
vertebra)
5 sacral (S1-S5) nerves emerge

5 lumbar (L1-L5) nerves emerge
from the sacral bone; sacral means
from the lumbar spine; lumbar
of the sacrum, the bony plate at the
means from the lower back region
base of the vertebral column
1 coccygeal nerve emerge from the

coccygeal bone; coccygeal means of
the coccyx, the tailbone

Types of Tissues Muscular and Nervous Tissue

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Types of Tissues Muscular and Nervous Tissue

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MACHALA

Quality, Relevance and Warmth

 Muscle tissue can be divided functionally, is it under

MUSCLE TISSUE: Muscle is a soft tissue that is highly

Muscle cells, or myocytes, contain myofibrils comprised of

Numerous myocytes make up muscle tissue and the

TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE: Muscle tissue can be

By applying the above classifications it is possible to describe three forms of

The three types of muscle tissue are

SKELETAL MUSCLE: Skeletal muscle mainly

contraction of the biceps muscle, attached

SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUE: Smooth muscle tissue is

It plays an important role in the regulation of flow in such

 Nervous tissue is one of four major classes of tissues and

 NERVOUS TISSUE: The principal constituent of the

SCHWANN CELLS: In the peripheral nervous system,

NEURONS: Neurons are highly specialized nerve cells that

TYPES OF NERVOUS TISSUE

Nervous tissue, one of the four main tissue

NEUROGLIA: There are six types of neuroglia—four in the central nervous

MICROGLIAL CELLS: Microglial cells are small and

SCHWANN CELLS: Schwann cells surround all nerve

OLIGODENDROCYTES: Oligodendrocytes line up along the

 Body’s master controlling and communicating system

 Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

It is one of the largest organs in the

It is the center for all thought,

Each part of the brain is responsible

Frontal lobe: Most anterior portion of the

Parietal lobe: The most superior portion of the

Occipital lobe: The most posterior portion of the

Temporal lobe: The left and right lateral portion of

Medulla oblongata: most

Outermost layer; continuous

Bound tightly to surface

5 sacral (S1-S5) nerves emerge

1 coccygeal nerve emerge from the

Potrebbero piacerti anche