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 List of the Topics
Prelims Editorial

• Important Bird Festivals

in India
• Removing the roots of
• DAMaN Initiative farmers’ distress

• CORSIA

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 Important Bird Festivals in India
In News
Key Words
• Place/State of
Celebration
• Native/
Migratory
Bird Type/s
• Sanctuaries

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 Important Bird Festivals in India
Chilika Bird Festival
• Celebrate the annual
congregation of migratory
birds
• 2 day national festival held
at Managalajodi, on the
banks of Chilika Lake in
Odisha
• Lies in the Central Asian
Flyway for birds
• Nalbana Bird Sanctuary
Pakke Paga Hornbill Fest
• State Festival of Arunachal
Pradesh
• Recognises the role of
Nyishi tribes in conserving
the hornbills in the Pakke
Tiger Reserve
• Native to Eastern Himalayas

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 Important Bird Festivals in India
Flamingo Bird Festival Coringa Bird Festival - 2018
• 3 day bird festival • Organised by Andhra
• Held at Andhra Pradesh Pradesh Forest Department,
• Pulicat & Nelapattu Bird EGREE Foundation and
Sanctuaries World Wildlife Fund
• Migratory birds from • At Coringa Wildlife
Ladakh, Tibet & China Sanctuary near Kakinada in
Andhra Pradesh
• Part of Central Asian Flyway
• 271 bird species present

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 Important Bird Festivals in India
Amur Falcon Festival • From Russia/
• First ever Amur Falcon Siberia to India
Conservation Week and • From India to
Festival to be held at Somalia, Kenya and
Wokha District in Nagaland South Africa
• Migratory Bird Festival

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DAMaN Initiative
In News Key Words
• About
• State Govt
• India’s
Malaria
Program
 DAMaN Initiative
DAMaN Results
• Durgama Anchalare Malaria • Aims to deliver services to the
Nirakaran (DAMaN) most inaccessible and hardest
• Malaria control initiative of hit people of the State
the state of Odisha led by • Has produced impressive
Comprehensive Case results in a short span of time
Management Program in line • 2017 – ASHA workers helped
with WHO’s Test-Treat- Track distribute 11 million bed nets
Initiative • As a result of its sustained
• Eff•
orts to prevent, diagnose an eff•
orts, Odisha recorded a
d treat malaria 80% decline in malaria cases
and deaths in 2017

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 India’s fight against Malaria
• Turning Point came at the East
Asia Summit in 2015
• Pledged to eliminate the
disease by 2030
• India launched the 5
year National Strategic Plan fo
r Malaria Elimination.
• Marked a shift
in focus from malaria
“control” to “elimination”
• Target – To end Malaria in
571/678 India’s districts by
2022 – 10000 crore
requirement
• WHO – World Malaria Report
2018 – 24% decrease in 2017
Malaria compared to 2016
• India is the only country among
the 11 high disease burden
countries that saw substantial
progress.
• Malaria Program is country –
owned and country led
• Health – State Subject
• State governments across the
country shoulder a special
responsibility in tackling the
disease.
 CORSIA
In News
Key Words
• Carbon
Offsetting
• CORSIA
Standards
• India’s
Membership
• International
Civil Aviation
Organisation

Economy Current Affairs | Geography Current Affairs | Judiciary Current Affairs

 CORSIA
CORSIA
• Carbon Offsetting and
Reduction Scheme for
International Aviation
• Emission Mitigation
Approach for the global
airline industry
• Developed by International
Civil Aviation Organisation
• Applicable only to
International Flights
Standards
• Adopted in 2016
• Aiming for a carbon neutral
growth
• Airlines will need to buy
carbon offsets to
compensate for their
growth of CO2 emissions.
• Voluntary standards
starting 2021
• India is not a member of
CORSIA
Removing the roots of Farmer’s Distress

Problems
1. Income & Price
2. Productivity
3. Land Size
Removing the roots of Farmer’s Distress
1. Income & Price
• Price plays a key role in
affecting the income of
farmers
• Last 2 years, inflation in
agriculture is lower than the
overall inflation
• Agriculture GVA growth was
at 3.8% for both nominal
and constant prices in 2018-
19, giving the price deflator
of 0%
• CPI – Agriulture inflation is
lesser than the overall
inflation
• Market Prices lesser than
MSPs
• Farm distress because of
absence of effective price
support policy affecting the
small farmers at large
Removing the roots of Farmer’s Distress
1. Income & Price (Continued)
Existing & Suggested Policies
• Telengana & Odisha – Input
Support Scheme
• Price Deficiency
Compensation – Paying the
difference between the
market price and MSP
• Open Procurement System
at MSP rates
Limited Procurement Scheme
• Limited Procurement for
Price Stabilisation
• Continued procurement
until market prices equals
MSP
• The government can sell the
procured grain in later years
or use them in welfare
schemes
Removing the roots of Farmer’s Distress
1. Income & Price (Continued)
Sustainable Solution
• Market Reforms to enable
better market price
discovery
– Competitive, Stable and a
unified national market
• Long term trade policies
favourable to exports
Need for Market Reforms
• Inefficient Physical
operations
• Excessive crowding of
intermediaries
• Fragmented Market Chains
• Agriculture:
– From farming to value chain
perspective
Removing the roots of Farmer’s Distress
2. Productivity
• Investment in infrastructure
and R&D is required
• Water is the leading input in
agriculture
• More than 60% of input
water is consumed by two
crops – Rice and sugarcane
• India use upto 3 times
water used by countries
such as China, US & Brazil.
• ‘Water use efficiency’ can
be improved significantly
with better use of
technologies that include
drip irrigation
• ‘Yield gaps’ should be
addressed with technology
inputs to improve the
productivity
• Government policies biased
towards Rice & Wheat –
Change in approach
required
Removing the roots of Farmer’s Distress

3. Land Size • Average size of marginal land

• Shrinking size of farms holdings is 0.8 hectares in
responsible for lower 2015-16
incomes and farm distress • Monthly Income:
– Small - ₹4000
– Marginal - ₹5000
– Large - ₹41000
• Small farmers cannot get full
income in non-farm sector
• Land consolidation is crucial to
reap the economies of scale in
both input procurement and
output marketing
Removing the roots of Farmer’s Distress

Problems Solutions
1. Income & Price 1. Limited Procurement
2. Productivity 2. Technological
3. Land Size interventions
3. Consolidation of land
holdings
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