USE OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLES IN LOW

COST CIVIL CONSTRUCTION

Name-Neha Thakur
Roll.No.-18MCE1226
M.E CTM
CONTENTS

 Abstract
 Introduction

 Background

 Literature Review

 Methodology

 Conclusion

 References
ABSTRACT
Disposal of non bio-degradable substance has become an issue of major concern
now a days. Disposal of waste plastics (PET, PP, etc) is the biggest challenge.
Only one in six plastic bottles are properly recycled .

On other hand high cost of primary requirement for constructing the houses in
places on where people are under poverty line is forming one of most
significant problems of people. . A suitable approach for this situation is using
some part of urban rubbish or waste as required materials for building
construction .Plastic bottle is considered as urban junk but with sustainability
characteristic it can be used as construction material instead of some
conventional material such as brick in building construction.

The paper intends to investigate the application of plastic bottles which is one of
the urban waste in building construction and that how it can lead to sustainable
development .The objective of this paper is to investigate the using of plastic
bottles as municipal wastes in the buildings, the key and positive characteristics
of this product and the benefits obtained by using it in building.
INTRODUCTION

 Plastic have many good characteristics which include versatility, light-ness,

hardness, and resistant to chemicals, water and impact. Plastic is one of the
most disposable materials in the modern world.
 Plastic bottles make up approximately 11% of the content landfills, causing
serious environmental consequences.

 Plastic has high tensile strength to weight ratio which makes it strong, durable
and versatile. PET Bottle walls act as heat insulators as well. Moreover, mud-
filled PET bottles are non-brittle and can withstand heavy shock loads. In
earthquake prone and flood affected areas, plastic bricks structures with its
high-impact resistance can prevent large-scale damage.

 The purpose of this paper is to look into the using of plastic bottles as
a municipal waste in the buildings, the key and positive characteristics of
this product and the benefits obtained by using it in building. It also intends
to compare the characteristics of some construction materials such as
brick,ceramic and concrete block with bottle panel.
WHAT IS PET?
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is clear, tough, and shatterproof.
It provides a barrier to oxygen, water, and carbon dioxide and is identified
with the number 1.
PET is also used to make bottles for water, juice, sports drinks, beer,
mouthwash etc.

Polyethylene Terephthalate Ethylene (PETE) bottles is thermoplastic

materials. Following are properties of plastic bottle:

1) Wax like in appearance, translucent, odorless and one of the lightest

plastics.
2) Flexible over a wide temperature.
3) Heat resistance.
4) Chemically stable.
5) Do not absorb moisture.
6) Transparent.
BACKGROUND
 The first bottles house was built using 10000 glass beer bottles by Wiliam
F. peck in 1902 in Tonopha, Navada .
 The first plastic bottles house in Africa was constructed in the
village of Yelwa in Nigeria by Andreas Forese. Forese used the plastic
bottles instead of bricks,bound the bottles together with string and at
the end applied the plaster.
LITERATURE REVIEW

 Shoubi et al. (2013) concluded that plastic bottles (PET) can be lot more
effective in earthquake prone areas due to lightweight. They can resist the load
20 times more than the bricks. Plastic bottle wall also act as bullet proof
because of the filling materials such as sand, gravels and cork or wood particles.
These types of walls can absorb sudden shock loads and produce very less
construction waste in comparison with bricks.

 Shilpi et al. (2015) concluded that the use of PET bottles in building
construction give thermal insulation, providing these benefits to the occupants
who cannot buy the heating and cooling system. This type of construction is
suitable for people who come under the poverty line. Plastic bottles cannot be
recycled properly and if disposed in landfills they impact the environment as
they decompose after a long time. Recycling process generates wastewater and
pollutes the air as well so the best environmental friendly solution is to reuse the
plastic bottles as a construction material.
 Yahaya Ahmed et al. (2015) concluded that the building constructed with
the plastic bottles are fire proof, bullet proof and earthquake resistant
.Plastic bottles structures can maintain a constant temperature of 18oC.

 Muyen et al. (2016) reported that plastic bottle bricks are stronger than
conventional bricks and concrete cylinder. Bigger size of plastic bottle has
more compressive strength in comparison with small size bottle. 1000 ml
plastic bottle filled with sand gave the compressive strength of 19.9 MPa
after 28 days of curing. Standard concrete cylinder 1:3:6 proportions gave
10-12 MPa compressive strength after 28 days of curing.
 Jalaluddin M (2017) concluded that plastic bottle masonry can
reduce the cost of construction as compared to brick masonry.
Cost of plastic bottle wall is approximately half than the
conventional brick wall. According to the research work, the total
cost of 10m2 brick wall came out to be Rs. 7444.25 whereas the
total cost of 10m2 plastic bottle wall was Rs.3879.2 (which is
nearly half of brick wall construction) Plastic bottles also have
non-brittle characteristics which reduce the construction waste.

 Simanshu P.Pandey et al. (2017) concluded that plastic bottle

house have thermal insulation properties. It was observed that
such house remains warm in winters and cool in summers. These
houses are bio-climatic in design.
METHODOLOGY

Step 1: Campus Survey

S.NO Type of Bottle No. of Bottles No. of Bottles
Sold per Day Sold per
Month
1 Water Bottle

2 Soft Drink
Bottle

3 Total
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
1) Muyen, Z., Barna, T. N., & Hoque, M. N. (2016). Strength properties of plastic bottle
bricks and their suitability as construction materials in Bangladesh. Progressive
Agriculture, 27(3), 362-368.

2) Pandey, S. P., Gotmare, S., & Wankhade, S. A. Waste Plastic Bottle as Construction
Material.

3) Jalaluddin, M. (2017). Use of Plastic Waste in Civil Constructions and Innovative

Decorative Material (Eco-Friendly). MOJ Civil Eng, 3(5), 00082.

4) Yen, T. T. (2018). LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY FOR PET PACKAGES IN THE

INTERGRATION WITH IO TABLE OF VIET NAM. Vietnam Journal of Science and
Technology, 56(2C), 111-117.

5) Shoubi, Mojtaba Valinejad, Masoud Valinejad Shoubi, and Azin Shakiba Barough.
"Investigating the Application of Plastic Bottle as a Sustainable Material in the Building
Construction." International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology
Research 2.1 (2013): 28-34.

6) Dhote, Suyog U. "Investigating the use of PET bottles as a sustainable material in

construction." International Journal of Research in Advent Technology Special Issue, 2nd
International Online Conference on Advent Trends in Engineering, Science and
Technology ICATEST. 2016.
7) Shoubi, M. V., Shoubi, M. V., & Barough, A. S. (2013). Investigating the Application of Plastic
Bottle as a Sustainable Material in the Building Construction. International Journal of
Science, Engineering and Technology Research, 2(1), 28-34.

8) Junghare, M. T. R., & Tiwari, A. V. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR ENGINEERING

APPLICATIONS AND TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS OF PLASTIC WASTE AS
CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL-A REVIEW.

9) Saxena, S., & Singh, M. (2013). Eco-Architecture: Pet Bottle Houses. International Journal of
Scientific Engineering and Technology, 2(12), 1243-1246.

10) Pati, D. J., Iki, K. A. Z. U. H. I. S. A., & Homma, R. I. K. E. N. (2014, September). Solid
waste as a potential construction material for cost-efficient housing in India. In 3rd world
conference on applied sciences, engineering & technology. Kathmandu (pp. 240-245).

11) Mansour, A. M. H., & Ali, S. A. (2015). Reusing waste plastic bottles as an alternative
sustainable building material. Energy for Sustainable Development, 24, 79-85.

12) Rawat, A. S., & Kansal, R. (2014). PET bottles as sustainable building material a step towards
green building construction. Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental
Technology, 1(6), 1-3.