Ome201101 GSM Bts312 Hardware Structure Issue4.0

GSM BTS312
Hardware Structure
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Know the functions and features of BTS
 Master the BTS hardware structure
 Master the signal processing of BTS
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2
References
 BTS312 User Manual
 BTS3.0 User Manual
Contents
 Overview
 System Components
 Signal Processing
 Antenna and Feeder System
Location
Um Interface
MS PSTN
BTS TUP,ISUP ISDN
BSC PSPDN
A Interface
MS MSC/VLR
M
AP
MAP
BTS
BTS HLR/AUC/EIR
SMC/VM
MS OMC
BTS
MS: Mobile Station BTS: Base Transceiver Station BSC: Base Station Controller
HLR: Home Location Register AUC: Authentication Center EIR: Equipment Identity Register
MSC: Mobile Switching Center VLR: Visitor Location Register SMC: Short Message Center
VM: Voice Mailbox OMC: Operation and Maintenance Center
Features and Functions
 High integration and low power consumption
 15 radio carriers at the Abis sharing an E1 for trans
mission (15:1)
 Support various transmission modes and complex topolo
gies,
 e.g. SDH, E1, microwave, satellite etc.
 1-minute fast startup
Features and Functions
 Support GSM900,DCS1800,EGSM and RGSM
 Support GSM PHASE 1 、 PHASE 2 and PHASE 2+
 Support GPRS and EDGE
 Support baseband hopping and RF hopping
 Support FR, HR, EFR and AMR
 Support A5/1 and A5/2 encryption/decryption
Hardware Structure
DATA_BUS/CONTROL_BUS/TIMING_BUS
External External
control alarm antenna
CDU
TRX
E1
TMU CDU antenna
TRX
Opt. fiber
CDU antenna
xDSL TEU TES
TRX
FH_BUS
PSU PMU
Common Unit Signal Processing Unit Antenna Feeder Unit
Cabinet and Boards TDU
SWITCH BOX
FAN BOX
CDU: Combiner & Divider Unit
C C T T T T
TRX: Transceiver D D R R R R
U U X X X X
PMU: Power Monitoring Unit
AIR BOX
TMU: Timing/Transmission & Management Unit C C T T T T
D D R R R R
PSU: Power Supply Unit U U X X X X
TDU: Time Distribution Unit FAN BOX
C C T T T T
TES: Transmission Extension Power Supply Unit D D R R R R
U
TEU: Transmission Extension Unit U X X X X
P P P P P P P TT T T T
S S S S S S M MM E E E
U U U U U U U UU S U U
AIR BOX
Contents
 Overview
Contents
2 System Componnents
2.1 Common Unit
2.2 Signal Processing Unit
TMU
 Functions of TMU
 Provide E1 connection interface
 Provide channel multiplexing and flexible networking modes
 Provide Man-machine interface (MMI) and operation & maintenance
link
 Provide centralized BTS clock
 Provide alarm signal input ports
Structure of TMU
External synchronous clock
BSC BIU DBUS Extended BIU
MMI (man- CBUS

OMU Standby
machine
TMU
Interface)
Environment Standby MCK

EAC MCK
monitors
TBUS
TDU
Indictors on TMU
PWR
Indicator
Color Meaning Explanation Normal State RUN
Name LI1
LI2
On: Normal LI3
PWR Green Power On LI4
Off: Abnormal M/S
PLL
Flash(0.5Hz): Normal
RUN Green Running State Flash RST
On or Off: Abnormal
DBG
On: Local Alarm
E1
LI1,2,3,4 Green Flash: Remote Alarm Off
Transmission T2M
Off: Normal
FCK
Master Board:
Master/Slave Slow flash(1HZ): Master Slow flash T13M
M/S Green
indication Quick flash(2Hz): Slave Slave Board: MMI
Quick flash
On: Free oscillation

Phase Quick flash(4Hz):
PLL Green identification Catching Slow flash
indicator Slow flash(1Hz): Locked TMU
Off: Abnormal
TDU
 Functions of TDU
 Provide clock channels in one synchronous cell
 Provide alarming channels
 Provide bus-control interfaces
Position of TDU
Cabinet-top Connectors
(1) Data bus (2) External alarm interface (7) Data bus interface (8) 75Ω E1 interface (TX and
interface (DCF1) (EAC1 and EAC2) (DCF2) RX)
(3) 120Ω E1 interface (4) Built-in optical (9) External synchronous (10) Grounding cable interface
(TME1) transmission E1 interface clock interface (SYNC) for combined cabinet
(TRA1, TRA2, TRB1, and (SHELLGND)
TRB2)
(11) External power (12) Feeder input interface (ANT)
(5) Storage battery (6) Clock interface (CKB1 cable interface
management signal and CKB2)
(13) Cascading interface of CDU combined cabinet (CDU)
cable interface
(PWRC)
Power Supply
220VAC
 When the supply input is 220VAC,the AC/DC
module is used.
-48VDC
 When the supply input is -48VDC,the DC/DC
module is used.
+24VDC
When the supply input is +24VDC,neither
DC/DC nor AC/DC module is used.
Power Supply System
EMI
220VAC IN filter
+ EMI
-48VDC IN
- filter
Load
Anti-lightning Monitoring AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC

Power (DC/DC) (DC/DC) (DC/DC) (DC/DC)
unit PMU
distribution module module module module
+ EMI
+24VDC IN filter 26VDC OUT
-
DC contacter
…
Battery group Fuse
PSU Configuration
Capacity Boards
mode Boards (PSU) notes
(TRX) (PMU)
24VDC 1 ~ 12 0 1
-48VDC 1~3 2 1
4~6 3 1
7~9 4 1
10 ~ 12 5 1 One PSU
220VAC 1~3 3 1 for backup
4~6 4 1
7~9 5 1
10 ~ 12 6 1
PMU
PMU structure
AC power supply
AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC
Load
Fuse
Power monitoring
Fan
unit PMU
Battery
FMU
 Functions of FMU
 Fan feeding
 Fan revolution speed control
 Alarm detection
 +24V power supply input interface
Contents
2 System Componnents
2.1 Common Unit
2.2 Signal Processing Unit
TRX
 Functions of TRX
 Baseband speech processing
 Um and Abis interface signaling processing
 Modulation and demodulation
 RF signal amplification
TRX Module Structure
DBUS FH_BUS
CBUS
Transmitter
TDP PAU
SCP DSP CUI
Receiver
RCU
Diversity
TBUS receiver
Clock processing part
RPU
TBPU
TBPU:TRX Baseband signal Processing Unit RPU:RF signal Processing Unit
SCP: Signaling Processing Unit DSP: Digital Signal Processing Unit CUI: Carrier Unit Interface
TDP: Transmitter Driver and PLL Unit PAU: Power Amplifier Unit RCU: Receiving Unit
DBUS: Data Bus CBUS: Control Bus TBUS: Timing Bus FH_BUS: Frequency Hopping Bus
Output Power of TRX
 Normal: 40W(46dBm) or 60W(48dBm)
 PBU: 80W(49dBm)
 EDGE TRX: GMSK: 40W, 8PSK: 60W
Alarms of TRX
 Over standing wave alarm
 When the standing wave ratio at the power amplifier output port
exceeds 1.5, it reports standing wave alarm to the baseband unit
 Over-temperature alarm
 When the temperature of the power amplifier exceeds 85℃, the
power amplifier unit reports the over-temperature alarm via the
baseband unit, and automatically turns off the power amplifier
Indicators on TRX TX OUT
Indicator Normal
Color Meaning Explanation
Name State
PWR
On: Normal RCP

PWR Green Power On RDP
Off: Abnormal FAIL
Flash(0.5Hz): RST
SCP Running Normal

RCP Green Flash
State On or Off:
Abnormal
Flash(0.5Hz): MMI
DSP Normal
RDP Green Running Flash RXA IN
State On or Off:
Abnormal RXB IN
Alarm On: Alarm

FAIL Red Off
Indicator Off: No alarm TRX
CDU
 Functions of CDU
 Combine and filter transmitted signals
 Filter ,amplify and distribute received signals
 Provide power for the tower-top amplifier
 Alarm detection
CDU Structure
TX1
Combiner Duplexer TX/RX-ANT
TX2
TX-COMB
TX-DUP
RX1
RX2 Divider
RX3
RX4
HL-out LNA
RX5
RX6 Divider
RX7
RX8
HL-in
RXD-out LNA Filter RXD-ANT
Indicators on CDU
Indicator Normal
Color Meaning Explanation
Name State
On: Normal
POWER Green Power On
Off: Abnormal
On: VSWR is greater
Standing than 1.5 and
VSWR1 Yellow wave ratio less than 2.5 Off
alarm
Off: Normal
Standing On: VSWR is greater
VSWR2 Red wave ratio than 2.5 Off
alarm Off: Normal
On: TTA current out of
TTA current range
TTA Red Off
indication
Off: Normal
On: LNA current out
LNA current of range
LNA Red Off
indication
Off: Normal
Rear Panel of CDU
Correspondence between knob setting and current
strength of TTA
DIVERS
Setting MAIN Unit
E
0 off off
1 100 65 mA
2 107 100 mA
3 205 205 mA
Note: MAIN is recommended to be set at 1(100mA),and
DIVERSE to be set at 2(100mA).Other modes of setting are
not recommended
MAIN: TTA power feeding selection knob of main receiving channel

DIVERSE: TTA power feeding selection knob of diversity receiving channel
FUSE :1.5A
Alarm Detection
 VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) monitoring: CDU Monitors the status
of antenna system. When the detected standing wave ratio exceeds the preset
threshold (1.5 or 2.5), CDU will generate corresponding alarms
 Low noise amplifier fault alarm: The signal is extracted from the power
supply current of the low noise amplifier. When the current exceeds a
certain level ,alarm signals are generated
 Tower-top amplifier alarm: When there is a tower-top amplifier on service,
the CDU monitors the status of tower-top amplifier by its working current. If
the current exceeds a certain level , alarm signals are generated
EDU
 EDU indicators are the same as those of CDU
TX1 TX/RX-ANT1
Duplexer
RX1
RX2 Divider LNA
TX2 Duplexer TX/RX-ANT2
RX3 Divider
RX4 LNA
SCU
 Four carriers are combined and output through 3dB bridges and
the insertion loss is 6.8dB
TX1
3dB
Bridge
TX2
3dB
Bridge
TX3
3dB
Bridge
TX4
Tx_Comb
Contents
 Overview
Speech Processing
 BSC-(TDU)-TMU-DBUS-TRX-CDU-ANT-MS
DBUS
FH_BUS
BSC BIU
S D C TDP PAU C
C S U D
P I U
P RCU
OMU CBUS
Clock process
RPU
EAC MCK TDU TBPU
TBUS
OML Processing
 BSC-(TDU)-TMU-CBUS-TRX (or PMU,CDU)
DBUS
FH_BUS
BSC BIU
S D C TDP PAU C
C S U D
P I U
P RCU
OMU CBUS
Clock process
RPU
EAC MCK TDU TBPU
TBUS
RSL Processing
 BSC-(TDU)-TMU-DBUS-TRX
DBUS
FH_BUS
BSC BIU
S D C TDP PAU C
C S U D
P I U
P RCU
OMU CBUS
Clock process
RPU
EAC MCK TDU TBPU
TBUS
Clock Processing
 BSC (or External Clock) –(TDU)-TMU-TDU-TBUS-TRX
External synchronous clock DBUS

FH_BUS
BSC BIU
S D C TDP PAU
C S U
P P I RCU
OMU CBUS
Clock process
RPU
EAC MCK TDU TBPU
TBUS
TBUS Connection
 Clock bus connection in a synchronous cell
C C T T T T C C T T T T C C T T T T C C T T T T
D D R R R R D D R R R R D D R R R R D D R R R R
U U X X X X U U X X X X U U X X X X U U X X X X
P P T T P T P
P S U M P S U M M M P S U M M P S U M
U U U U U U U
Extension
¸ ±» ú¹cabinet
ñ Basic
Ö÷»cabinet
ú¹ ñ BasicÖcabinet
» ú¹ ñ
÷ Extension
» ú¹ cabinet
¸ ± ñ
BasicÖcabinet
¹ ñ× égroup
÷ Extension
¸ ±¹ cabinet
ñ× é group
Cabinet Extension Cabling
 Blue colored sockets installed with matching connectors are for resistance
termination
 There are E1 cables between basic cabinet group and extension cabinet
group
CKB1 CKB1 CKB1 CKB1

DCF1 CKB2 DCF2 DCF1 CKB2 DCF2 DCF1 CKB2 DCF2 DCF1 CKB2 DCF2
E1
External E1 Interface External E1 Interface
Extension Cabinet Basic Cabinet Basic Cabinet Extension Cabinet
Basic Cabinet Group Extension Cabinet Group
Contents
 Overview
Antenna and Feeder System
Antenna
Antenna
stand
Jumper between
antenna and TTA Jumper between
lightening arrester
and cabinet
TTA
Lightening
arrester
TDU
Feeder
SWITCH BOX
Jumper between FAN BOX
TTA and feeder C BTS312
C T T T T
D D R R R R cabinet
U U X X X X
AIR BOX
C C T T T T
D D R R R R
U U X X X X
FAN BOX
C C
T T T T
D D R R R R
U U X X X X
P P P P P PP T T TT
S S S S S S M ME E E
U U U U U UU U S UU
AIR BOX
S1/1/1
TX
COMB TX/RX ANT

TX COMB
(TX/RXA)
TX DUP DUP
TX OUT RX
1:4
RXA
HL OUT
HL IN
RXD ANT
RXB
1:4 (RXB)
RXD OUT
S2/2/2
TX
TX OUT COMB TX/RX ANT
TX COMB
(TX/RXA)
RXA TX DUP DUP
RX
RXB
1:4
HL OUT
HL IN
TX OUT
RXD ANT
1:4 (RXB)
RXA
RXD OUT
RXB
S4/4/4 2CDU
Tx/RxM_ANT1 RxD Tx/RxM_ANT2 RxD
CDU_1 CDU_2
Duplexer Duplexer
Combiner Distributor Distributor Combiner Distributor Distributor
RxM TRx2 RxM

Tx TRx0 Tx
RxD RxD
RxM
RxM Tx TRx2
Tx TRx1 RxD
RxD
S4/4/4 SCU+CDU
TX SCU
TX OUT COMB
RXA
RXB
TX COMB
TX OUT
RXA
RXB
TX
TX OUT
CDU
COMB TX/RX ANT
TX COMB
(TX/RXB)
RXA TX DUP DUP
RX
RXB
1:4
HL OUT
HL IN RXD ANT
TX OUT
(RXA)
1:4
RXA
RXD OUT
RXB
2CDU+SCU
Tx/RxM_ANT1 RxD Tx/RxM_ANT2 RxD
CDU_1 CDU_2 SCU

Duplexer Duplexer Distributor
Combiner Distributor Distributor Combiner Distributor Distributor Distributor Distributor
Tx RxM RxM
TRx0 TRx3 Tx
RxD RxD
Tx RxM RxM
TRx1 TRx4 Tx
RxD RxD
Tx RxM RxM
TRx2 TRx5 Tx
RxD RxD
Lightning Arrester
Feeder
Lightning Arrester is used to
prevent the equipment from
being damaged by the lightening
current inducted by the core line
of the feeder
Jumper
Lightning Arrester
Types of Main Feeder
 7/8 inch
 Cable loss=0.043dB/m
 5/4 inch
 1/2 inch jumper
 Used between the antenna and the main feeder
 Between the antenna and the tower-top amplifier
 Between the cabinet and the lightning arrester
TTA (Optional)
 The tower-top amplifier is installed close to the receiving antenna
 It can be used to increase the receiving sensibility of the base
station
 Consisting of:
 Simplex TTA
 Duplex TTA
 Triplex TTA
TTA (Optional)
simplex TTA duplex TTA triplex TTA
triplex TTA
TX filter
BTS antenna
Bias Tee bypass
RX filter RX filter
Low noise amplifier

DC
Antenna Pattern
 The antenna pattern describes the radiating abilities of antennas in
all directions
360¡ ã 120¡ ã 90¡ ã 65¡ ã

Omni Antenna Directional antenna
Polarization
 Two main types of polarization
 Vertical polarization
 Horizontal polarization
 The types of antenna divided by polarization
 Single polarized antenna
 Vertical polarization for GSM
 One port for one feeder
 Dual polarized antenna

 +45 degree and -45 degree
 Two ports for two feeders
Summary
 Functions and features of BTS
 BTS hardware structure
 Signal processing of BTS
 Antenna and feeder system
Thank you
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GSM BTS312

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Common Unit Signal Processing Unit Antenna Feeder Unit

TMU: Timing/Transmission & Management Unit C C T T T T

PSU: Power Supply Unit U U X X X X

TDU: Time Distribution Unit FAN BOX

2.2 Signal Processing Unit

BSC BIU DBUS Extended BIU

MMI (man- CBUS

Environment Standby MCK

On: Free oscillation

Anti-lightning Monitoring AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC

AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC

2.2 Signal Processing Unit

Clock processing part

On: Normal RCP

SCP Running Normal

Alarm On: Alarm

MAIN: TTA power feeding selection knob of main receiving channel

TX2 Duplexer TX/RX-ANT2

External synchronous clock DBUS

CKB1 CKB1 CKB1 CKB1

External E1 Interface External E1 Interface

Extension Cabinet Basic Cabinet Basic Cabinet Extension Cabinet

Basic Cabinet Group Extension Cabinet Group

COMB TX/RX ANT

Combiner Distributor Distributor Combiner Distributor Distributor

RxM TRx2 RxM

CDU_1 CDU_2 SCU

Combiner Distributor Distributor Combiner Distributor Distributor Distributor Distributor

simplex TTA duplex TTA triplex TTA

Low noise amplifier

360¡ ã 120¡ ã 90¡ ã 65¡ ã

 Dual polarized antenna

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