STUDY OF 220 KV SUBSTATION

Summer Internship Project

15 June 2018 to 31 July 2018

Prepared by
RAM RATAN SINGH(500047598)
RAHUL KUMAR RUASHAN(500047578)
B.TECH (ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING)
 CONTENT

• DELHI TRANSCO LIMITED OVERVIEW

• PLAN LAY OUT OF 220 KV SUSTATION DSIIDC BAWANA
• SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF 220 KV SUSTATION DSIIDC BAWANA
• EQUIPMENTS IN A 220 KV SUBSTATION
• SEQUENCE OF INSTALLATION OF THE EQUIPMENTS
• GROUNDING SYSTEM IN SUBSTATION
 DELHI TRANSCO LIMITED OVERVIEW

• Delhi Transco Ltd (DTL) came into existence on 1st July 2002.
• Delhi Transco Limited is the state Transmission Utility for the national capital territory of
Delhi.
• It is responsible for the transmission of power of 220kV and 400kV level and for
upgrading, operating and maintaining the high voltage network.
• DTL has 4 Nos. 400 kV substations and 33 Nos. 220kV substations.
• Out of these substations 1 No. 400kV and 8 Nos. 220 kV substations have been built
using the GIS technology.
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF DSIIDC BAWANA 220
KV SUBSTATION
 EQUIPMENT’S USED IN 220KV SUBSTATION:

 POWER TRANSFORMERS
 INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
 BUS-BAR
 BUS COUPLER
 ISOLATERS
 ISOLATING SWITCHES
 CIRCUIT BREAKER
 PROTECTIVE RELAY
 METERING AND INDICATING INSTRUMENT
 MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT
 LIGHTENING ARRESTORS
 CAPACITOR BANK
 POWER TRANSFORMERS
• A static electrical machine used for transforming power from one circuit to another
circuit without changing frequency is termed as Power transformer.
• There are two 100 MVA and one 160 MVA transformers and there are also two
distribution transformers. One 25 MVA and One 20 MVA.

 INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS
Following types of instrument transformers are used in substation:
1.) Current Transformer (CT)
2.) Voltage Transformer (PT)
3.) Capacitive Voltage Transformer (CVT)
 BUS-BAR
The bus is a line in which the incoming feeders come into and get into the instruments
for further step up or step down.
 BUS COUPLER
Bus coupler is a device which is used to couple one bus to the other without an
interruption in power supply and without creating hazardous arcs.
 ISOLATORS
Isolator is a manually operated mechanical switch that isolates the faulty section or the
section of a conductor or a part of a circuit of substation meant for repair from a healthy
section in order to avoid occurrence of more severe faults.
 ISOLATING SWITCHES
In Sub-Station, it is often desired to disconnect a part of the system for general
maintenance and repairs. This is accomplished by an isolating switch or isolator.
 CIRCUIT BREAKER
• For the protection of substation and its components from the over currents or over
load due to short circuit or any other fault the faulty section is disconnected from the
healthy section either manually or automatically.
• In Bawana 220 KV substation, SF6 circuit breaker are used.

 PROTECTIVE RELAY
• Relays are used for disconnecting the circuits by manual or automatic operation.
• Relay consists of the coil which is excited or energized and such that making the
contacts of relay closed activates the relay to break or make the circuit connection.
• There are different types of relays such as over current relays, definite time over
current relays, voltage relays, auxiliary relays, reclosing relays, solid state relays,
directional relays, and inverse time over current relays, microcontroller relays, etc.
 LIGHTENING ARRESTORS
• Whenever light surges occur then, a high-voltage pass through these electrical
components causing damage to them (either temporary or permanent damage based on
the amount of voltage surge).
• Therefore, to avoid this difficulty, lightening arresters are placed to pass the entire
lightening surges to earth. There are other arresters which are used to ground the
switching surges called as surge arresters.
 CAPACITOR BANK
• A Capacitor bank is a set of many identical capacitors connected in series or parallel
within an enclosure and is used for the power factor correction and basic protection of
substation.
• These capacitor banks are acts as a source of reactive power, and thus, the phase
difference between voltage and current can be reduced by the capacitor banks.
• They will increase the ripple current capacity of the supply. It avoids undesirable
characteristics in the power system.
• It is the most economical method for maintaining power factor and of correction of the
power lag problems.
 SEQUENCE OF INSTALLATION OF THE EQUIPMENT'S

• Lightning arrester
• Capacitive voltage transformer (CVT)
• Grounding switch (E.S.)
• Isolator
• Current transformer (C.T.)
• Circuit breaker
• Power transformer.
 GROUNDING SYSTEM IN SUBSTATION
• The process of transferring the discharge of the electrical energy directly to the
earth by the help of the low resistance wire is known as the grounding.
• The grounding provides the simple path to the leakage current. The short circuit
current of the equipment passes to the earth which has zero potential.
• Grounding is a safety device used to prevent a shock due to leakages arising from
weak insulation, breaking of the element or otherwise.

Purpose of grounding:
1.) As a safety feature for property, equipment and life.
2.) Protection against over-voltage.
3.) Voltage Stabilization.
THANK YOU