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V.R.Krishnakumar
T.R.Rajagopalan
P.Rajesh
NTPC-SRHQ
Operation Services
Present Operational Scenario
Availability Based Tariff implemented
Continuous Availability and Operational
Reliability of Units are very crucial and
linked to Tariff
Fast response to load changes
demanded from Control centre is
assuming greater significance
AREAS IDENTIFIED FOR
IMPROVEMENT in SC BOILERS
Temperature measurement
MS Temperature Control using
advanced controllers
Intelligent Soot Blowing Systems
Fire side corrosion monitoring
COMMONLY USED TEMP.
TRANSDUCERS
Thermocouples
Type J
Type K
Type R
RTDs
PT 100
Cu 53
RTDs
A resistor that has a very large
temp.coefficient installed in a metal
protection sheath
The output of the resistor varies
proportionately with temp.
Pt is most commonly used as it has a
high melting point
It has a well defined resistance vs temp.
relationship
THE ISSUES IN STEAM TEMP.
MEASUREMENT
Drift in thermocouples over a period of time
RTDs have much better accuracy, but higher
cost and poor durability for rugged
applications
Performance acceptance test of power plants
warrants measurement within a certainty of
0.5ºC at 550 ºC
The temp.gradient over a T/C has a large
effect on its performance
3 ºC under estimation of MS temp.at 538 ºC
increases heat rate by about 0.1 per cent
THE ISSUES IN STEAM TEMP.
MEASUREMENT contd..
6 ºC over estimation of MS temp. can reduce
life expectancy of boiler tubes by up to 28%
Non-homogeneous T/Cs will give difft.
Outputs at difft. immersion depths
To achieve 0.5ºC accuracy it is necessary to
calibrate T/C at various insertion depths and
use only those which show same output at
difft. insertion lengths
PT100s are capable of meeting the accuracy
but their life expectancy in the industrial
environment is not known
STUDIES ON TEMP.SENSORS
(1) at PG & E and Duke Power