Unit I

Integrative Art as Applied

to Contemporary Art
 At the end of the unit, the
student is expected to:
Define art;
Explain art principles
Classify art forms
Identify various contemporary art
forms and their practices from the
various regions
Classify various art forms found in
the region
 Definition of Art
 According to Webster, art is “human ingenuity in adapting
natural things to man’s use.
 Therefore, an artist uses his genius in transforming God
made things into man made things that satisfy his
needs.
 Came fro the word “ars” which means skill.
 It may be used interchangeably with all other terms but, in
its most distinct sense, it contrast with them in implying a
personal, unanalyzable creative power; skill stresses
technical knowledge and proficiency;
 cunning suggests ingenuity and subtlety in devising,
inventing, or executing
 Artifice suggests mechanical skill especially in imitating
things in nature; craft may imply expertness in
workmanship
 Different Art Forms
 Coiffeurs(hairstylist)  painters
 Couturiers(Clothes designer)  sculptures
 Chefs  architects
 Wine connoisseurs  Potters
(wine tasters)  Musicians
 Perfume experts  Terpsichoreans( dancers)
 Jewelers  Thespians(writers)
 Body painters  Litteratures
 Milliners( hat makers) (man of letters
 Purposes in Engaging
Art Activities
 To earn a living
 To express their emotions and thoughts
 To produce things of beauty
 For self-actualization
 To immortalize themselves or other people
 To inform
 To persuade
 To entertain
 Functions of Art
 Personal/Individual Function
 artist have their personal reasons for indulging in
art.
 Robert Browning expressed his love to Elizabeth Barret
Browning in the form of a poem entitled “My Last
Duchess; Elizabeth also did the same by means of a
poem entitled “How do I love Thee”.
 Edwin Markham wrote the poem “ The Man with a
Hoe” because he was inspired by the painting of a
farmer that he had seen earlier.
 The composer of a song “Vincent “ was inspired by
Vincent Van Gogh’s painting, “The Starry Night”
 Gary Valenciano renders concerts for free because he
loves singing. G
 Geleen Eugenio provides free dance instruction because
she enjoys dancing.
 Functions of Art
 Social Function
 Man is a social being and as such he
associates with his fellow beings.
 Evidences: Choral Singing, Group Dancing,
Communal Worship, House Construction,Drama
Presentations
 Oral and written literatures are handed from
one generation to the next generation and
eenjoyed by people of various races and ages..
 Jose Rizal’s novels were written to arouse social
consciousness.
 Museums houses paintings and sculptures
which are viewed by many onlookers.
 Functions of Art
 Economic Function
 “It does not pay to be artist”
 Joanne K. Rowling author of the best selling
Harry Potter series became one of the most
highly paid women in British History.
 “ Elvis Presley and Michael Jackson raked
millions for their best selling records.
 Paintings of painters such as Da Vinci and
Buonarroti are worth millions of dollars
 GMA 7 spent millions of pesos for the set of
“Indio” and “Encantadia” and the costume of
Richard Gutierez in ““Captain Barbel”
 Functions of Art
 Political Function
 Imelda Marcos, a patroness of art promoted her
political programs by means of the arts. Part of her
beautification program was painting of murals along
national roads and busy streets frequented by
motorists.
 Responsible for the building of edifices in the
CCP(Cultural Center of the Philippines) complex: these
include the PICC(Philippine International Convention
Center), FAT( Folk Arts Theatre) and the Film Center.
 Image building program for the so called Bagong
Lipunan through the writing of composition inculcating
the virtues of self-disciplene, industry, unity and
cooperation.
 Functions of Art
 Historical Function
 Paintings, sculptures, architectural works
and other art forms serve to record historical
figures and events.
 Paintings of French kings, sculptures of
Philippine Heroes, tombs of rulers( Pyramid of
Egypt and Taj Mahal of India) and religious
plays like cenaculo not only commemorate but
also celebrate historical greats.
 The Our Lady of EDSA shrine is a sterling proof
of Filipinos love of peace and freedom.
 Functions of Art
 Cultural Function
 Buildings, Furnitures(chairs,
tables,etc.). Clothes and the like form
part of the country’s material culture
 Music, dance and language, which is
incorporated in oral and written literature
and drama form part of its non-material
culture.
 Paintings, sculptures, architectural works,
songs, dances, dramas and literary pieces
are embodiments of a nations culture.
 Functions of Art
 Religious Function
 Almost all art forms evolved from
religions.
 The earliest dramatic forms were
religious in nature.
 The first Greek paintings and sculptures
were those of gods and godesses.
 The first great architectural works were
built for religious purposes.
 Functions of Art
 Physical Function
 Houses and other buildings are constructed
to protect their occupants and all others inside
them.
 Paintings serve to protect the walls and ceilings
of some buildings.
 Sculpture serve as columns of some buildings as
in Greek and Roman architecture.
 Dance is one of the best form exercise while
music is a form of therapy.
 “There is no substitute to the ecstatic feeling
one experiences after having completed a work
of art”.
 Functions of Art
 Aesthetic Function
 Artworks serve to beautify.
 Paintings serve to decorate houses and
other buildings.
 Sculpture serve to decorate churches and
similar edifices.
 Tall buildings are sights to behold. Set
designs, as well as costumes and props
make dramas, dance performances and
song renditions not only realistic but also
appealing to the audience.
 Activity
Of all the different functions of
art, which one do you think is the
most and best that functions and
utilizes well. Defend your answer.
Send your answers via Schoology.
(Due till 12 midnight.. Happy
working)
 Art Style
and Factors
Affecting Style
 Art Style and Factors Affecting Style

 Geographical Factors
 The place where the artist stays influences his works.
EXAMPLE: 1. Marble sculptures are plenty in Romblon
because marble abounds in that province
in the same way as wooden sculptures
abound in Paete, where woodcarving is
the primary occupation of the male
population.
2. Eskimos live in igloos because their place
is cold while in Hawaii, Tahiti and other
Pacific Regions natives reside in
grass shacks because theirs are tropical.
 Art Style and Factors Affecting Style

 Historical Factors
 Historical events exert a great influences on artists.
EXAMPLE: 1. Jose Rizal”s novels graphically highlight
the events that took place in the country
during the last century of Hispanic rule.
2. Victor Hugo’s Les Miserables realistically
depicts the French Revilution.
 Art Style and Factors Affecting Style

 Ideational Factors
 Ideas coming from the various people influence
artists.
EXAMPLE: 1. Sigmund Freud proposed ideas that have
influenced surrealist artist.
the events that took place in the
country
2. The idea that human body is most
beautiful figure to present as an art
subject gave rise to the school of
thought called nudism.
 Art Style and Factors Affecting Style

 Psychological Factors
 The works produced by the artists also affected
by their psychological make-up or frame of mind.
EXAMPLE: The first painting of Edward Munch. “ The
Sick Child”, is an effect of the fortunate
childhood experience of contracting a
long illness of losingnhis loved one at an
early age.
The manuscript, “The Filipinos are worth
Dying for” assailing the Marcos
administration was written by the late
Sen. Benigno Aquino Jr., when he was still
a deportee in the US waiting for his return
to the Philippines.
 Art Style and Factors Affecting Style

 Social Factors
 Social relationships affects artists too.
 Ben Johnson’s “ Song to Celia” and
Francisco Petrarch wrote poems for his
lady love Laura.
 It dictates the types of paintings,
sculptures, songs, dances, literary pieces
and movies to be produced.
 Indie films such as “Kubrador” and “ Ang
Pagdadalaga ni Maximo show present day
realities in Philippine Society
 Art Style and Factors Affecting Style

 Technical Factors
 Techniques matter as far as artistic styles are
concerned.
 Painters employ a variety of techniques to make
their works unique
 Different brushes produce different strokes.
 If there are no brushes, painters use their hands.
 Those without hands use their mouths.
 Airbrushes or similar equipment is also used.
 Paintings can be rendered realistically,
surrealistically, impressionistically
 Principles of Art
 Harmony
 The most essential factor in a composition.
 Called unity and can be achieved when all
the elements of a put are put together to
come up with a coherent whole.
 Every part of a work of art ie necessary to
the composition to the extent that all parts
exhibit a sense of belonging together and a
pleasing relationship with one another.
 If one part dose not complement the
others, then lack of harmony results.
 Principles of Art
 Balance
 The physical equilibrium, stability produced by
even distribution of weight on each side of the
thing.
Classification of Balance
1. Formal Balance-exists if the weights at equal
distance from the center are equal.
- symmetrical balance for it displays
symmetry.
-Bilateral symmetry is present when left
and right side appear the same.(the right
side mirrors the left side of the body.
 Principles of Art
 Balance
 The physical equilibrium, stability produced by
even distribution of weight on each side of the
thing.
Classification of Balance
1. Formal Balance-exists if the weights at equal
distance from the center are equal.
- Radial Symmetry exists when the same
measure occurs from the central point to
the end of every radius. It is applied to
round objects.
 Principles of Art
 Balance
 The physical equilibrium, stability produced by
even distribution of weight on each side of the
thing.
Classification of Balance
1. Informal Balance-exists when the left and the
right sides of the thing, though not
identical in appearance still display an
even distribution of weight.
- also known as asymmetrical or occult
balance.
 Principles of Art
 Rhythm
 The continuous use of motif or repetitive pattern
of a succession of similar or identical items.
 Achieve through alternation( use of two patterns
alternately), radiation( repetition of the motif
from the center or toward it), progression ( use
of motifs of varying sizes, that is, from smallest
to largest or vice versa) and parallelism( use of a
pattern with an equal distance from each other.)
 It is exemplied by concentic lines, repetitive,
continous or flowing.
 Principles of Art
 Proportion
 The comparative relationship of the different
parts in relation to the whole.
 Proper and pleasing relationship of one object
with the others in a design.
 A well proportioned human body is eight head
parts,that is, the head is one-eight of the
entire human body.-Polyclitus.
 Da Vinci came up with his own measurement
of the human body by means of his work(The
Vitruvian Man)
 Principles of Art
 Emphasis
 Giving proper importance on one or
more parts of the thing or the whole
thing itself.
 Achieved by means of size or proportion,
shape, color, line, position and variety.
 Artist emphasizes the one with the
bigger size, different shape or color. Or
the one with striking lines, the one
positioned at the center and the one
that is unique.
 Classification of Art
Visual Arts
 Those forms perceived by the
eyes like paintings, sculpture,
and architecture.
 Also called spatial arts
because they occupy a space.
 Classification of Art
 Visual Arts
 Plastic Arts- visual arts that
have length and width and
volume.
- also called three
dimensional arts
ex. Sculpture, architecture, landscape
architecture, city planning design, set design,
theater design, industrial design,
crafts( handicrafts) and allied arts.
 Classification of Art
 Audio-Visual Arts
 Both perceived by both ears(audio) and
eyes(videos). They are called performing
arts.
Ex. Music( vocal, instrumental or mixed)
Dance( ethnologic, social theatrical)
Drama( Tragedy, comedy, tragicomedy,
farce, melodrama)
 Classification of Art
 Literary Arts
Presented in a written mode and intended to
be read.
Ex. Prose ( short stories, novels, essays and
plays)
poetry ( narrative poems, lyric poems and
dramatic poems.
 Division of Art Study
Aesthitics/ Art
Appreciation
 The science of beauty
 The student learns to admire the
artists, value highly different
works of arts and appreciate the
role of art in society.
 Division of Art Study
Art History
 Acquisition of knowledge about
the artist, his backgrounds, their
masterpieces, and their
significant contributions in
various fields.
 Division of Art Study
Art Production
 Utilization of creativity
and application of
artistic knowledge and
skills in producing his
own works of art.
 Division of Art Study
Art Criticism
 Using one’s judgment in
evaluating different artworks
based on the criteria set.
 Given the names of selected artworks, complete the table
below by wriring the artworks respective artists, periods
and places of origin
Artwork Artist Genre Place of Origin

Imagine You and Me

El Filibusterismo
The Angelus
Lord, Patawad
Banaue Rice Terraces
Mi Ultimo Adios
Malacanang Palace

The Oblation
Our Lady of EDSA

Singkil
Thank
You