FAULT LOCATION IN A MEDIUM TRANSMISSION LINES

DEPARTMENT OF EEE

Under the Esteemed Guidance of By

Mr.B.Anjan P.KRISHNA
(Assistant Professor) 17071D8305

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 Contents
2

 Abstract

 Types of faults

 Fault location Estimation Benefits

 Fault location Techniques

 A Single line diagram of Transmission line

 Impedance based Algorithm

 Single PI circuit transmission line

 System parameters

 Conclusion

 Reference

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 LITERATURE SURVEY
3
S.No Title Author Description

1. “A New Algorithm T.Takaji,Y.Yamk Introduction,fault detection technique, the

of an accurate fault oshi,J.Baba,K.U authors proposed fourier transform and laplace
location for emuraand transform methods which both are based on
EHV/UHV T.Sakaguchi,198 single end measured data.This approaches
Transmission 1 introduce several assumptions regarding fault
lines," resistance and current ratios.The accuracy of the
results obtained depends on whether the
assumptions are met or not.
2. An overview of Bao lian and A fault detection/location algorithm that derives
digital Fault M.M.A Salama from travelling wave principles can cope with
location algorithms high frequency transients since these basically
for power depend on travelling wave phenomenon. The
transmission lines travelling wave schemes depend on identifying
using transient particular voltage and current increments from
waveforms” from all those which arrive at relaying point..

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 Abstract
4

 The fault is the abnormal condition of the electrical system which damages the
electrical equipment and disturbs the normal flow of the electric current.
 To accurately locate the faults on the transmission lines using one terminal
voltage and current

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 Types of Faults
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 Transient Faults
• Momentary tree, bird or animal contact
• Lightning strike
• Conductor clashes
 Permanent Faults
• Direct lightning stroke on line
• Man-made damage
• Mechanical damage due to environment and age

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 Fault Location Estimation Benefits
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 Time and effort saving

 Improving the system availability
 Assisting future maintenance plans
 Economic factor

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 Fault Location Techniques
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• Based on fundamental-frequency currents and voltages, mainly

on impedance measurement
Single Terminal Data Method (STFLA)
Two Terminal Data Method (TTFLA)
• Based on travelling-wave phenomenon
• Knowledge-based approaches
• Based on high-frequency components of currents and voltages
generated by faults

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 A Single Line Diagram Of Transmission Line
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 A Novel Algorithm for Fault Location Using One-Terminal
Voltage and Current Data
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 The algorithm is based on Impedance based Algorithm Conventional

approach
• Transmission line is represented as single pi circuit transmission
line and the current and voltage samples at relaying points

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 Proposed Approach
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 A detailed lumped parameter model of transmission line is taken- Line

is represented as a pi circuit transmission line
 This makes the number of unknowns to be evaluated as For the
homogenous transmission lines per kilometre resistance and
inductance is known and is constant

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 Single PI circuit Transmission Line Model
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From PI circuit, let assume

X=L/R

Voltage and current equations,

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It can be written as

VR=A1R+A2RC

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Let us assume that at time
t=tk we have VR= VR(k)
and I = IR(k) that are the
output of anti-aliasing
filter.

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 System parameters
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 The length of the transmission line l= 150Km

 System voltage =400KV
 Parameters of transmission line
 Resistance of the line, R= 0.0296Ω/Km
 Inductance of the line, L = 1.044 mH/Km
 Capacitance of the line,C= 12 nF/Km
 Sampling rate is 10 kHz
 Sampling time 10.0000e-06

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 REFERENCE
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1) “An Adaptive PMU based fault detection /location technique for transmission lines”

Joe-Air Jiang,Jun-zhe yang,Ying-hong lin,Chih-wen liu Volume: 15, Issue:2, Apr

2000

2) “A New algorithm of an accurate fault location for EHV/UHV transmission

lines”T.Takagi,Y.Yamakoshi,J.Baba,K.Uemura and T.Sakaguchi, Volume:

PAS-100, Issue: 3, March 1981

1) “Accurate Fault Location in the Power Transmission Line Using Support Vector

Machine Approach”,Robert Salat and Stanislaw Osowski, Vol:19,No:2, MAY 2004

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Thank You

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