SISTEM INTEGUMEN

BY
BUDI SISWANTO

PROGRAM STUDI KEPERAWATAN

 SISTE INTEGUMEN
 Kulit
 Struktur tambahan
- rambut
- kelenjar keringat
 Jaringan sub kutan dibawahnya
 KULIT
• Kulit merupakan organ tubuh paling besar
yang melapisi seluruh bagian tubuh
• Membungkus daging & organ-organ yang
ada di dalamnya
• Luas kulit pada manusia rata-rata 2 meter
persegi dengan berat 10 kg jika ditimbang
dengan lemaknya atau 4 kg jika tanpa lemak
atau beratnya sekitar 16 % dari berat badan
seseorang
 Cutaneous Membrane

Stratified squamous epithelium + CT + muscle + nervous tissue

Lapisan & Tipe sel Epidermis
Lapisan Epidermis
 1. Stratum Basale

• Lapisan bawah epidermal,

dekat dermis
• Suplai nutrisi
• Reproduksi dgn mitosis
• Cuboidal, columnar in shape
• Mobilasi ke epidermis dlm
27 hr
 2. Stratum Spinosum

• Kehidupan sel
• Membelah
• Padat 8-10 sel
• Berbentuk Polygonal
3. Stratus Granulosum, 4. Lucidum

• Poor nutrient supply. • Found only in very

• Flatten layer of cells. thick skin.
• 3-5 cells thick. • Translucent.
• No cell division. • Highly keratinized.
• Keratin accumulates. • Dead cells
Stratum Granulosum Stratum Lucidum
 5. Stratum Corneum
• Kepadatan 25-30 sel
• Sel dilindungi oleh keratin &
jrgn keras
• Selalu mengelupas
• Lapisan terluar epidermis
• Keratinocytes
LAPISAN DERMIS
 DERMIS

Irregular Dense Connective Tissue

Collagenous fibers
 DERMIS
• Tebal = 0.6mm to 3mm
• Komposisis
– Kolagen, elastis, & reticular fibers, fibroblasts
& accessory structures such as hair follicles and
glands
• Lapisan
– Lapisan papilaris & papilar dermal 1/5 of the
dermis  bg luar
– Lapisan retikuler  bg dlm dermis
Layers of the Dermis

• Papillary layer

• Reticular layer
 Hypodermis (Subcutaneous)

Recognized
by adipose
tissue.
 Hypodermis
• Jaringan subcutaneous atau
superficial fascia
• > Adipose dr pd dermis
• Fungsi
– Simpanan energi
– Isulasi panas
• Hypodermic injections
– Kedalam jaringan
subcutaneous stlh pbl dh
Hypodermis
Subcutaneous Fat Distribution
 Functions of Skin
• Protects from injuries
• Acts as barrier and regulates what
enters/leaves body.
• Regulates body temperature.
• Synthesizes, stores vitamins.
• Sensory functions
STRUKTUR TAMBAHAN
 TYPES OF MEMBRANES
Epithelial + Connective Tissue
Serous
Cutaneous
Mucous

Connective Tissue
Synovial
Line body
Serous Membranes
cavities that
have no
openings to
outside.
Secrete watery
fluid.
Simple
squamous
epith + loose
CT
 Mucous Membranes

• Line cavities that lead to outside.

• Secrete mucus for protection.
• Epithelium + Loose CT
Serous, Mucous Membranes
 Synovial Membrane

Lines joint cavities at articulations.

Loose CT + elastic fibers + adipose tissue
KELENJAR
 Types of Sweat Glands
(Sudoriferous Glands)
• Merocrine glands: release fluid by exocytosis
• Eccrine
– Most common
– Secretion is mostly water with solutes
– Cools body down
• Apocrine
– Develops scent as bacteria metabolize secretion
– Stimulated when frightened, during pain, during
emotional upset
 Sweat Gland
Exocrine gland
Sudoriferous glands
Produces water, salts
Eccrine glands
respond to temperature
Apocrine glands
respond to pain,
emotions
Sweat Gland
Sweat Gland Exiting the Skin
Eccrine Gland
 Sebaceous Gland
Exocrine gland
Associated with follicle
Secretes oily substance
Holocrine gland
Sebaceous Gland
Hair Follicles
 Sensory Structures of Dermis
• Deep touch/pressure: Pacinian
corpuscles
• Light touch/pressure: Meisner’s
corpuscles
• Warm temperature: Free nerve
endings
• Cold temperature: Free nerve endings
• Pain: Free nerve endings
Melanocyte
 Melanocyte
• Produces melanin
for protection from
UV radiation.
• Responsible for
skin color.
• Melanoma.
PATOLOGIS KULIT
Melanoma
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Untreated…..
 Actinic Keratosis

Caused by sun damage. Can lead to

squamous cell carcinoma.
PSORIASIS
MAP SHOWING SKIN COLOR
DISTRIBUTION

Qui ck Ti me™ and a Graphi cs decompress or are needed to s ee this pi cture.

EVOLUTION OF SKIN COLOR
• Balance between
– Need for protection against UV radiation which
Causes skin cancer
Destroys folate (vitamin B)
– Need for UV to produce vitamin D for calcium
absorption
THANX ‘ U YO..........