Work Health & Safety: AUGUST 2017 Human Performance and Limitations in Aviation 1

Work Health & Safety
 Subject outline
 4 two hour sessions covering;
• Legislation framework: introduction, common Law and statute

law, regulations and Codes of Practice
• WHS models and approaches
• WHS Management System
• Incident Reporting & Investigation
• Ergonomics
• Specific hazards and their management
• Getting it all together, case studies
AUGUST 2017 Human Performance and 1

Limitations in Aviation
WHS
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgJu
wsvtRNU

WHS HISTORY
The Industrial Revolution was a period from 1750 to 1850 where
changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and
technology had a profound effect on the social, economic and
cultural conditions of the times.
Textiles
Steam power
Iron making
Formations of Unions

OHS

Large scale manufacturing

 Statue Law versus Common Law

Statute Law - Background to Federal Work Health Safety Act
 3 July 2008. All State and Territory governments signed an

 intergovernmental agreement to work cooperatively to harmonise
OHS laws by adopting a model OHS legislation by 2011
 31 October 2008. First report released. This set out the

fundamental building blocks of the proposed model OHS Act
 28 September 2009. Draft model Work Health and Safety Act

released
 9 November 2009. Draft model WHS Act closed for comment

Statute Law - Background to Federal Work Health Safety Act
 May 2010 - November 2010. Revised model WHS Act released
 11 December 2010. WRMC endorsed the model WHS Act
 7 December 2010. Draft Model WHS Regulation released
 4 April 2011. Public comment of draft model WHS Regulations

closed.
 31 December 2011. All current OHS laws to be repealed.
 1st January 2012 enactment.



Victorian Legislation
 OH&S Act 2004

• OH&S Regulations 2007
• Dangerous Goods Regulations 2000
• Other Regulations
Guidance Material
• Compliance Codes
• Codes of Practice
• Australian, International Standards (AS,NZS,ISO)
 All enforced by Worksafe Victoria

OHS US 2006



Part 4. Duties of Employers to Consult
 What is consultation
 Why
 When & How (Section 35 & 36)
 Resolving issues



Reference Material
Web site – WorkSafe Victoria

http://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au
Web site – Safe Work Australia

http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/

Terminology & Definitions
 Hazard
 Risk
 Controls
 Risk Assessment
References:
• AS/NZS ISO 31000: 2009 Risk Management Principles Guidelines
• AS/NZS 4801: 2001Occupational health and safety management
systems— Specification with guidance for use

Link to video
Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yd8r5rg
RQz4

 Requirements – as low as reasonably

practicable (ALARP)
 Various Methods & Processes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fY6KG
N72d7Q

Occupational Health & Safety
What are the tasks involved? What are the hazards and risks? How will hazards and risks be
controlled?
(describe the control measures and how
they will be used)
Sequence of Job Steps Hazards Identified Controls Identified
Break the job down into its basic For each potential accident or hazard,
steps, eg. ask yourself how should the person
- what is done first do the job step to avoid the
- what is done next For each job step, ask yourself potential accident, or what should
and so on. what accidents could he do or not do to avoid the
Record the job steps in their happen to the person accident. Be sure to describe
normal order of doing the job step. specifically the precautions a
occurrence. Ask yourself: Can the person be person shall take. Don’t leave out
Describe what is done, not the struck by or contacted by important details. Number each
details of how it is done. anything; strike against or separate recommended
Usually three of four words are come in contact with precaution with the same number
sufficient to describe each anything; can be caught you gave the potential accident
basic job step. in, on, or between that the precaution seeks to avoid.
anything; fall; overexert; be Use simple ‘do’ or ‘don’t’
exposed to anything statements to explain
injurious such as gas, recommended precautions as if
radiation, welding rays, you were talking to the person.
etc., for example, acid Avoid such generalities as ‘Be Careful”,
burns, fumes. “Be Alert”, “Take Caution”, etc.

Terminology & Definitions
 Consequence
 Likelihood
Reference:
• AS/NZS ISO 31000 2009 Risk Management Principles
Guidelines

RISK SCORE CALCULATOR
Use The Risk Score Calculator To Determine The Level Of Risk Of Each Hazard
What is the LIKELIHOOD of an occurrence?

What would the CONSEQUENCE
of an occurrence be? Almost Remotely Practically
Likely Possible
Certain Possible Impossible
Disaster
Very High Very High Very High
Multiple Fatalities. Irreversible environmental High (2) Medium (3)
damage on and off-site. (1) (1) (1)
Very Serious
Permanent disability or ill health, Fatality. Very High Very High
High (2) Medium (3) Low (4)
Incident with very serious environmental (1) (1)
impact on and off-site.
Serious
Serious but non-permanent injury or ill health. Very High
High (2) High (2) Medium (3) Low (4)
Work days lost. Serious environmental (1)
incident with in and off-site impacts.
Substantial
Medical attention needed. No work
restrictions. Environmental incident with
High (2) Medium (3) Medium (3) Low (4) Low (4)
moderate on-site impacts.
Minor
Minor cuts & bruises or sickness.
Environmental incident with minor on-site
High (2) Medium (3) Low (4) Low (4) Low (4)
impact.

Stop the job – Significant & urgent actions are required – Work cannot
Very High (1)
commence
REQU
I Must be reduced to as low as reasonably practicable before any job
R High (2) can commence with appropriate supervision. Consult
E management.
D
A
C
T
I Must be reduced to as low as reasonably practicable before any job
O Medium (3)
can commence with appropriate supervision.
N
S
Must be managed by using SWMS or Work Instructions. Evaluate

Low (4)
conformance using Task Observations.

Risk Controls
 Controls include any process, policy,

device, practice, or other actions which
modify risk.
 Controls may not always exert the

intended or assumed modifying effect.

Hierarchy
Of Control

Link to video
Royal Canberra Hospital demolition July

1997
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZidAyFS
UVUc

Hierarchy Of Control
• 1. Eliminate the hazard altogether.

• 2. Substitute the hazard with a safer alternative.
• 3. Isolate the hazard from anyone who could be
harmed.
• 4. Use engineering controls to reduce the risk.
• 5. Use administrative controls to reduce the risk.
• 6. Use personal protective equipment (PPE).


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Work Health & Safety

• Legislation framework: introduction, common Law and statute

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 3 July 2008. All State and Territory governments signed an

 31 October 2008. First report released. This set out the

 28 September 2009. Draft model Work Health and Safety Act

 9 November 2009. Draft model WHS Act closed for comment

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 May 2010 - November 2010. Revised model WHS Act released

 11 December 2010. WRMC endorsed the model WHS Act

 7 December 2010. Draft Model WHS Regulation released

 4 April 2011. Public comment of draft model WHS Regulations

 31 December 2011. All current OHS laws to be repealed.

 1st January 2012 enactment.

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 OH&S Act 2004

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 When & How (Section 35 & 36)

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Web site – WorkSafe Victoria

Web site – Safe Work Australia

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Hazard Identification & Risk Assessment

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 Requirements – as low as reasonably

 Various Methods & Processes

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What is the LIKELIHOOD of an occurrence?

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Must be managed by using SWMS or Work Instructions. Evaluate

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 Controls include any process, policy,

 Controls may not always exert the

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Royal Canberra Hospital demolition July

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• 1. Eliminate the hazard altogether.

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