GTU

Role of Transportation
2

 Transport and economic growth

 Place utility of goods
 Time utility of goods
 Producer and consumer
 Preservation of quality of goods
 Mass production
 Exploitation of natural resources
 Transport and urbanization
 Transport and industrial development
 Role of Transportation…
3

 Transport and agricultural development

 Costs of goods
 Administration
 Defence and strategic needs
 Tourism
 Transport facilities and social activities
 Modes of Transport
4

The four major modes of transportation

 Railways
 Surface

 Underground

 Elevated

 Light rail transit (LRT)

 Road Transport
 Air Transport
 Water Transport
 Modes of Transport
5

Other modes of Transportation

 Pipelines
 Elevators
 Belt conveyors
 Cable Cars
 Aerial ropeways
 Monorails
 Transport Modes Characteristics
6

 Speed Employment generation

 Safety Comfort
Travel time
 Adequacy
 Frequency
 Regularity
 Integration
 Responsibilities
 Cost
 Cheapness
 Fuel efficiency
 Transport modes in India
7

 Road Transport
3 million km
 National Highways: 66900 km

 Total vehicles- 67 million and growth rate of 10%


 Roads in the World Today
8

 USA has the largest network of roads (6.3 M-km)

 India with its 3.3 M-km road network comes second
 Density of roads (km/sq km) is very high in Germany
and Japan which are small in area
 India : 1 km/sq km, USA: 0.67 and China : 0.12 km/sq
km
 Percentage of paved roads
 UK : 100%
 Germany : 99%
 USA : 91%
 India : 50%
 International Comparison of
9
Expressways
 USA – 88400 km
 Germany- 11000 km
 Japan – 8500 km
 China – 6000 km
 UK – 4000 km
 Malaysia – 1500 km
 India – 200 km
 Classification of non-urban roads in India
10

 Primary system
 Expressways

 National Highways(NH)
 Secondary System
 Statehighways(SH)
 Major district roads(MDR)

 Tertiary System
 Other District Roads(ODR)
 Village Roads(VR)
 Different classes of Roads
11

Sr. Class of Right-of-way width in metres

No. road (plain and rolling terrain)
Rural Areas Urban Areas

Normal Range Normal Range

1. NH & SH 25 30-60 30 30-60

2. MDR 25 25-30 20 15-25
3. ODR 15 15-25 15 12-20
4. VR 12 12-18 10 10-15
 Advantages of Road Transport
12

 Wide geographical coverage provided by roads

 Low capital investments
 Quick and assured deliveries
 Flexibility
 Door-to-door service
 Simpler packaging
 Personalized service
 Personalized travel
 Disadvantages of Road
13
Transport….
 Short hauls
 Safety

 Environmental pollution

 Parking problem

 Long-hauls

 More energy required than Railway

 Less carrying capacity than railway and

waterway
 Transport modes in India
14

 Railways :
 62500 km, Passengers- 300 bpk/year (20% of
total traffic)
 Freight traffic- 257 bt/year (40% of total traffic)
 Advantages of Railway Transport
15

 Faster than road transfer

 More comfortable for long Journey
 Cheaper for long Distances
 Railway can handle heavier loads at high speed
 Provides cheap,convenient and safe mode of
transport
 Less traffic Problem
 Disadvantages of Railway
16
Transport
 Door to Door service is not available
 Initial Cost of tracks,trains,Station.etc is high
 Suitable for specific service only
 Transport modes in India…
17

 Air India and Indian airlines, other private

airlines
 7.1
million passengers (2004-2005)
 Domestic air traffic increasing 10% per anum
 Transport modes in India…
18

 Indian coast-line: 5660 km, 176 ports – 10

major ports and 23 intermidiate
 Traffic Signs
19

Traffic Signs have been divided into three categories to

Indian Motor Vehicles Act
1.Regulatory Signs
2.Warning Signs
3.Informatory Signs
Regulatory Signs
 Warning Signs
21
 Warning Signs
22
 Informatory signs
 Informatory(Guide signs). Guide signs are used to
inform drivers of routes, gas, food, lodging,
hospitals, rest areas and others. Guide signs are
designated
by color and shape.
Informatory Signs