Schlumberger

REDA Production Systems ESP Components XPERT ESP

SURFACE EQUIPMENT
 XPERT ESP
SURFACE COMPONENTS

- Transformer
- Switch Board
- Junction box
- Well Head or tubing head
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Shown here is the surface related equipment required for

most down-hole electrical submergible pump systems.

Transformer Motor speed Junction Box Well Head

controller
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Transformer
• Provides required voltage for down hole motor
• Works by transforming the voltage through induction magnetic field

• In general, 3 types of transformer :

- Single phase transformer
- Three phases transformer
- Auto transformer
• 4 Main construction parts :

- Core (lamination body)

- Primary winding
- Secondary winding
- Enclosure
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Transformer
The transformer sends the correct
voltage to the Switchboard for designed
surface voltage for the proper motor
operation.

This is based on power rating in KVA.

Transformers can be either single phase

or three phase.
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Transformer
Normally when using single phase transformers
for three phase power, three individual
transformers are connected together, in various
configurations.

A single phase transformer

generally appears similar to
the figure shown.
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

CORE

WINDING
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

120 VOLTS (2 TURNS)

600 VOLTS (10 TURNS)

V1 = T1 -------> 600 = 10 -----> V2 = 600 X 2 = 120 VOLTS

V2 T2 V2 2 10
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

DETERMINE TRANSFORMER’S KVA

Sample : Motor 180 HP/ 1000 V/ 103 Amp

PSD 3000 Ft, SBHT = 200°F
Cable AWG -1, length 3100 Ft.

24 Voltage drop (from chart) = 24 Volts/ 1000 Ft

AWG #1
Total Volt drop = 24 x {(3100+100) / 1000)} =
76.8 Volts

103

Required surface voltage = 1000 + 76.8 = 1076.8 Volts

KVA = (Surface Volt x Amps x 1.732) / 1000
= (1076.8 x 103 x 1.732) / 1000
= 192.1 KVA ----------> Choose 200 KVA (Minimum)
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT
XPERT ESP

• TRANSFORMER

- Variable input Voltage

- High voltage required in the transmission to get lower

Amperage, in order to allow smaller size cable

- Input voltage decreased by a step down transformer to

meet required motor voltage
SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

• Switch Board
- Control panel for electric motor

- Equipped with motor controller

• Monitors overload / under load problems

• Can be set to auto restart in the case of intermittent well
• Detects voltage unbalance

- Equipped with Amp chart to record motor performance

 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Reda Switchboard
• Ratings

• DFH2 600 Volt

• MFH 1000 Volt
• MDFH 1500 Volt
• AB 1512 3900 Volt*

* Available to 5000V by changing P.T.

 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Switchboard

• Ratings:
– Maximum Voltage
– Maximum Amp Load
– Maximum KVA
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Switchboard
Selecting a Switchboard

• Select a Switchboard with the appropriate

Volt, Amp and KVA rating

• Select a motor controller type and feature

• Select a wiring harness for the motor controller.

 SURFACE EQUIPMENT
XPERT ESP

• Switch Boards

FOUR MAIN COMPONENTS

• MAIN BREAKER
To connect high voltage from the transformer to the down hole motor
• POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER (PT)
To reduce the high voltage to 120 Volts, for use by the control systems in the
switch board - and to hold magnetic field in the Vacuum contactor
• CURRENT TRANSFORMER (CT)
Reduce high amperage in the circuit to 5 amps for ease of measurements
• VACUUM CONTACTOR
Function is to absorb spark that possibly occur in the contactor system
during start and stop switching operations.
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

SWITCH BOARD
• 3 MAIN FUNCTIONS
- Motor starter unit
- Protective equipment for overload and under load problems
- Recording Instruments

• SWITCH BOARD CONTENT

- Manual Switch breaker

- Motor controller
- Gas locking protector
- Restart relays for intermittent well
- Amp chart mechanism
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Potential Transformers

 Installed in the switchboard

 Used to step-down the high voltage to a control voltage of 120 volts
(no load).

 The 120 volts is used to run all the control circuits in the Switchboard.
 Motor controllers will monitor the control voltage; and using the P.T.
ratio calculate the line voltage in the switchboard.
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Potential Transformers

• Transformer Rating 1430/126

Calculate the Ratio 1430 = 11.35

126

• If Measured secondary Voltage = 119V

Then at primary side we have 119V x 11.35

= 1350V
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Current Transformers

Another type of transformer which is used

in the motor controller is the “Current
Transformer". (CT)

This type of transformer changes one

current to a different current.
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Current Transformers
A conductor passes through the winding of the CT and
energizes the CT. Typically the CT ranges used in the
SPS controllers have a ratio of 200:5, 300:5, 150:5,
75:5 etc.

Primary side

Secondary side
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Current Transformers
As an example, if 180A is flowing through the conductor, and
the TR is 200:5, the amperage on the secondary side of the
CT will be:

180 or
Sec. Amps = = 4.5 A 180A
(200:5)

180
Sec. Amps = x 5 = 4.5 A
200

4.5 A
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Current Transformers

CT’s transform the motor amperage at the

primary side, to 5 amps (maximum) on the
secondary side, in order to be able to record the
current on the amp chart.

However motor amps display are best at the

middle of the range between 0 – 5, to give space
for overload and under load problems recorded.
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP
Current Transformers
Motor running amps

5 Amps

0
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Current Transformers
If one pass of the wire results is greater than 5A, the CT ratio must
be increased by going to a CT with a higher turns ratio.

Control Circuit amperage can also be increased by two by looping

the wire for two passes; or by three with three passes.
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP
Current Transformers
Given example:
Available single tap CT 300:5 ratio. Motor load: 85
Amps.

A rough guide is to multiply current by 1.6

CT set up: 85 x 1.6 = 136. --- CT ratio 150 : 5

Working Amperage at amps chart control :
 (85/150) x 5 = 2.8 A
Available CT 300 : 5  (85/300) x 5 = 1.42 A.
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Current Transformers

CT ratio 150 : 5 CT ratio 300 : 5

Solution : Make two turns of wire

 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP
Current Transformers
Sizing CT’s

Amps through S.B. X 1.6 = CT primary size

e.g. 59 A X1.6 = 94 Amps

100:5 CT = 20:1

59/20 = 2.95 Amps Secondary Current

Motor Controllers work best between 2.5 -3.5 Amps

Junction Boxes
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP
JUNCTION BOX

FUNCTION:
• Ventilation for gas that possibly
comes up to surface through the
JUNCTION BOX cable
• Connection terminals, easier to
reverse motor rotation and to take
initial readings.
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT XPERT ESP

Wellhead
The Wellhead is the equipment
that is installed at the surface of
the well bore.

It’s purpose is: to suspend the

tubing string in the well, and to
monitor and control high
pressures conditions often
present within the well.
 PICK UP TUBING
FROM
SURFACE EQUIPMENT
JUNCTION
BOX

SURFACE
POWER PLUG

TUBING HANGER
PENETRATOR

O RING
WELL HEAD
CONNECTOR
ASSEMBLY

ATTACHABLE
CONNETOR
(ASSEMBLY) PRODUCTION TUBING

STRAPPED
CABLE BAND

PAU/ IWS-
XPERT
XpertESP
ESP/ IWS
2002
 POWER CABLE
FROM JBOX
SURFACE EQUIPMENT
GLAND NUT

WELL HEAD
PACK OFF
ASSEMBLY
O RING

RUBBER SEAL METALSPLIT

RING

PAU/ XPERT ESP/ IWS2002

IWS- XpertESP
End of Presentation