Discovering Computers 2016

Tools, Apps, Devices, and the Impact of Technology

Chapter 1
Introducing
Today’s
Technologies
Objectives Overview
• Understand technological concepts, systems & operations
– The student will be able to summarize the history of information systems and technology
including: history of computing technology, significant impacts of computing on society,
significant changes in human-computer interaction, and the history of the Internet.
– The student will be able to explain the components of a computer.
– The student will be able to differentiate between similar terms including hardware and
software; input and output; data and information; database and database management
system; and information systems and information technology.
– The student will be able to explain net-centric computing including: the history of networking;
the birth of the Internet; wireless and wired networking; and the purpose of networking
software.
– The student will be able to analyze computer security, information security, and network
security.
– The student will be able to explain why the mastery of technology is important in all fields.
– The student will be able to install software applications.
• Use technology to gather and analyze information
– The student will explain how the growth of the Internet and the demands for information from
users outside the organization (customers and suppliers) impact data handling and processing.
• Understand the social implications of technology
– The student will understand the importance of technology on society.
– The student will analyze ethical issues associated with technology including the digital divide;
issues concerning race and gender; freedom of speech; privacy; and copy and digital content
rights.

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

See Page 2 2
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
for Detailed Objectives in whole or in part.
Today’s Technology

• Why do use technology?

• What do you use Technology For?
• Who do you use it with?
• Where do you use it?
• When do you use Technology?

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

3
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Overview

• Digital Literacy / Digital Divide

• Technology Uses and User
• What is Data and What is Information?
• Information Processing Cycle
• What is Computer?
• What is its purpose?
• Computer Communicating
• Network to Internet
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,
4
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
History

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

5
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 Today’s Technology
• Digital literacy involves having a
current knowledge and understanding
of computers, mobile devices, the
web, and related technologies
(knowledge of the tools)

• Because technology changes, you must

keep up with the changes to remain
digitally literate

• Digital Divide
– Age
– Income
– Location
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,
6
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Technology Uses and Users

Uses Users

Education Government Finance

Retail Entertainment Health Care Home User Small/Home Mobile User

Office User

Science Travel Publishing

Power User Enterprise User

Manufacturing

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

7
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps
(Users to OS to Computer Interface)
• Software, also called a program, tells the
computer what tasks to perform and how to
perform them
System Software
• Operating system
• Tools

Applications

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Pages 26 - 27 8
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-30
in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps (Install)
• Installing a program is the process
of setting up the program to work
with the computer, mobile
device, printer, and/or other
hardware

• Once installed, you can run a

program so that you can interact
with it

• You interact with a program

through its user interface
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied
Pages 28 - 29 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, 9
in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps
• A software developer, sometimes called a developer
or programmer, is someone who develops programs
and apps or writes the instructions that direct the
computer or mobile device to process data into
information

Pages 29 - 30 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

10
Figure 1-31 or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Applications use computers to turn
Data and Information

What we need from the computer is:

• An input device (Models our vison, speech, pointing, etc…)
• A processor (Models our Brain, thinks and stores)
• An output device (Models our display, speech, touch, etc…)
• Optionally - a storage device (Models our memory- Long term and short term

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Page 12 11
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-12 in whole or in part.
Computers (Our Main Tool)
• A computer is an electronic device, operating under the
control of instructions stored in its own memory, that
can:
– Accept data as input
– Process data according to specific rules Accepts
data Processing
Produces
information
(input) (output)
– Produce information
– And possible store data and information

What kind of computers do you know of?

Page 4 12
Commonly Known Computer Types:

• Laptop
• Tablet
• Desktop
and All-in-One
• Server

Pages 4 and 6 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,
13
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figures 1-2 – 1-5
Possible Unknown Computer Types:
Mobile and Game Devices
Smartphone

Digital camera

Portable and digital media player

E-book reader

Wearable device

Game device
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied
Pages 7 - 10 14
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figures 1-6 – 1-11 in whole or in part.
Data and Information: Input Devices
• An Input Device is any hardware component that allows the
users to enter data and instructions into the computer or
mobile device
– Physical
• Keyboard
• Pointing device
– Mouse
– Trackball
– Touchpad
– Audio
• Microphone
– Visual
• Camera
• Scanner.…

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

15
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Processor

• The Processor takes the input,

processes it and produces the
output

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

16
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information: Output Devices
• An output device is any hardware
component that conveys information
from a computer or mobile device to
one or more people
– Physical
• Printers 2D and 3D
– Visual
• Displays
• Monitors
– Audio
• Speakers
– Headphones or speakers

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

Pages 14 - 15 17
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information: Storage

Memory consists of electronic components that store

instructions waiting to be executed and the data needed by
those instructions

A computer keeps data, instructions, and information on

storage media

A storage device records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items

to and from storage media

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

Pages 16 - 17 18
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information: Storage

Hard Disk Solid-State USB Flash Drive

Drive

Memory Card Optical Disc Cloud Storage

Pages 17 – 19 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

19
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figures 1-20 – 1-26
Networking
(Sharing Information)
• After we have built the computer based on
ourselves, we naturally what the computers to
now TALK to other computers

• Think your mouth (sender) or someone’s ears

(receiver)

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

20
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
When we want to machines to communicate

• We combine and input and output device in one

device (Sender and a receiver)

• A communications device is hardware capable of

transferring items from computers and devices to
transmission media and vice versa

• Channel
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,
21
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• Examples of wireless communications

technologies include:

Wi-Fi

Bluetooth

Cellular radio
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,
Pages 31 - 32 22
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• A network is a collection of computers and

devices connected together, often wirelessly, via
communications devices and transmission media

Page 32 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

23
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figure 1-33
Communications and Networks

Home Networks Business Networks

• Connect to the Internet • Facilitate communications
• Share a single high-speed • Share hardware
Internet connection • Share data, information, and
• Access photos, music, videos, and software
other content
• Share devices
• Play multiplayer games
• Connect game consoles to the
Internet
• Subscribe to and use VoIP
• Interact with other devices in a
smart home

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

Page 33 24
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• In the course of a day, it is likely you use, or use

information generated by, one or more of these
communications technologies
Chat rooms Email Fax FTP GPS

Instant
Internet Newsgroups RSS Videoconference
messaging

Wireless Wireless
Voice mail VoIP Internet access messaging
points services

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

Pages 30 - 31 25
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Internet

• The Internet is a worldwide collection of computer

networks that connects millions of businesses,
government agencies, educational institutions, and
individuals

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Page 20 26
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-27 in whole or in part.
The Web (One Service on the Internet)

The World Wide Web (or web, for short) is a global library of
information available to anyone connected to the Internet

The web consists of a worldwide collection of electronic

documents, each of which is called a webpage

A website is a collection of related webpages

A web server is a computer that delivers requested

webpages to your computer
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,
Pages 20 – 21 27
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Web Viewer

• A browser is software that enables users with an

Internet connection to access and view webpages
on a computer or mobile device

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

Page 21 28
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Social Network

• An online social network encourages members to

share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music,
and videos with other registered users

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Page 23 29
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-29 in whole or in part.
Searching the Web

• A search engine is software that finds websites,

webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other
information related to a specific topic

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

Page 22 30
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Digital Safety and Security

• It is important that users protect their computers

and mobile devices
Viruses and
Other Privacy
Malware

Health Environmental
Concerns Issues

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

Pages 24 - 26 31
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Chapter Summary

Various methods
Basic computer for input, output,
The Internet
concepts memory, and
storage

Digital security and Uses of technology

safety risks and applications in
precautions society

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Page 43 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, 32
in whole or in part.
Discovering Computers 2016
Tools, Apps, Devices, and the Impact of Technology

Chapter 1
Introducing
Today’s
Technologies
Chapter 1 Complete