29 Lte Eran7.0 Mro Feature

LTE eRAN7.
0 MRO
Feature
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Version Difference
 eRAN3.0--Intra-freq LTE MRO
 Intra frequency MRO arrives commercial standard
 For intra-freq scenario, adjust CIO of cell-pairs as per

previous period's abnormal RLF rate

 Decrease ping-pong number for UE Level
 Recognize and send anti-ping-pong CIO parameter to ping-

pong UEs.
Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page1
Version Difference
 eRAN7.0--intra-RAT MRO
 Modified the thresholds for intra-RAT MRO against premature
or delayed handovers.
 eRAN7.0--intra-RAT MRO

 Added a parameter to specify the threshold for the proportion
of A2-related delayed handovers used to evaluate inter-
frequency MRO.
 Added the controlled mode of MRO.
Objectives
 Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Describe the function of MRO
 Detail feature and parameters of intra-RAT MRO
 Detail feature and parameters of inter-RAT MRO
Contents
1. Overview
2. Intra-RAT MRO Management
3. Inter-RAT MRO Management
4. Related Features
5. Engineering Guidelines
6. MRO in U2000
What is MRO?
 MRO (Mobility Robust Optimization) is one feature of
SON
 The MRO feature achieves self-optimization functionality by

automatically optimizing handover-related parameters. This
improves the handover success rate and resource usage.
MRO Processing Flow
Handover Scenario Identification
X2
Handover Scenario Handling
Handover processing
Result Monitoring
Contents
1. Overview
4. Related Features
6. MRO in U2000
Intra-RAT Handover Overview
Measurement trigger (Default)
Handover trigger (A3 event)
Intra-Frequency Handover
Measurement trigger (A2
event)
Handover trigger (A4 or A3

event)
Inter-Frequency Handover
Intra-RAT MRO Procedure
 See Remark.
Classification of Intra-RAT MRO
Intra-RAT
MRO
Intra- Inter-
frequency frequency
MRO MRO
A3 or A4
A3 CIO A2 threshold
CIO
modification modification
modification
Identification of Premature Handover
Source eNodeB
Target eNodeB
Premature handover area Normal handover area
UE movement
Identification of Premature
Handover (Cont.)
eNB1 eNB2 UE
1. Measure Report(HO)
2. Handover Request
3. Handover Response
5. Handover Command
6. RLF In
7. Re-establish (to old cell) eNB1
8. if find UE ID in local cell UE

Context,
increase num_ho_too_early by 1
Identification of Delayed Handover
Source eNodeB Target eNodeB
Normal handover area Delay handover area
UE movement
Identification of Delayed Handover (Cont.)
eNB1 eNB2 UE
1: Measure Control(HO)
2. RLF In
3: Re-establish ( to new cell) eNB2
4: RLF Indication
5: if find UE Id in local cell UE
Context, increase num_ho_too_late
by 1.
Classification of Delayed Handover
Delayed intra-frequency handover Delayed inter-frequency handover related to event
A2
X2 Target
Source Target
Source
Gap Measurement
No A2
command failure
measurement
report
Delayed inter-frequency handover related to event

A2
Source Target Source Target
A2 measurement Measurement Handover command

report configuration failure failure
A4 or A3
measurement report
Coverage-induced Delayed Handover
 In a delayed handover, a UE experiences an RLF in cell A,
the RRC connection is reestablished with neighboring cell B,
and cell B reports this reestablishment event to cell A. This
process may occur in one of the following coverage areas:
 Coverage hole in the overlapping area of the two cells
 Coverage hole of cell A or B within their overlapping area
 Coverage hole or weak coverage area between cells A and B

that do not overlap
Identification of Ping-Pong Handover
Cell A Cell B
Information on the UE
… Cell A
Period 1 … Period 1
Information on the UE
Period 2
… Cell A Cell B
Ping-pong
… Period Period
handover
1 2
decision
Ping-Pong Handover: Period 2 < PingpongTimeThd
MRO Scenario Handling
Check handover
statistics periodically
Check whether the

threshold is achieved
Premature handovers
Ping-Pong handover
and delayed handover
optimization
optimization
Optimization Modes
 MRO optimizes parameter settings in the mode specified by the
MRO.MroOptMode parameter.
 If the MRO.MroOptMode parameter is set to FREE(FREE), the eNodeB
determines parameters to be optimized based on handover scenarios and
optimizes the parameter settings when the MRO period approaches its
end.
 If the MRO.MroOptMode parameter is set to
CONTROLLED(CONTROLLED), the eNodeB reports the parameter
optimization advice to the U2000 when the MRO period approaches its
end. Maintenance personnel check the advice, change the suggested
parameter values (optional), and then deliver the advice to the eNodeB.
Optimization of Premature & Delayed
Intra-Frequency Handover
 Proportion of RLF-induced abnormal handovers >
IntraRatAbnormalRatioThd
 Proportion of RLF-induced abnormal handovers ≤

IntraRatAbnormalRatioThd, and handover success rate ≤
NcellOptThd
Optimization of Premature & Delayed
Intra-Frequency Handover(Cont.)
 In either of the preceding scenarios, the eNodeB reacts as follows:
 If the proportion of the number of premature handovers to the total
number of RLF-induced abnormal handovers is greater than the
value of IntraRatTooEarlyHoRatioThd, the eNodeB decreases
the CIO for intra-frequency event A3 by one step.
 If the proportion of the number of delayed handovers to the total

number of RLF-induced abnormal handovers is greater than the
value of IntraRatTooLateHoRatioThd, the eNodeB increases the
CIO for event A3 by one step for intra-frequency MRO.
Cell Reselection Parameter
Optimization
 If a pair of intra-frequency neighboring cells meet condition 1, the
eNodeB does not optimize cell reselection parameters
 If a pair of intra-frequency neighboring cells do not meet condition
1, the eNodeB changes the CellQoffset value for the cells so that
the cells meet both conditions 2 and 3. If the cells still do not meet
conditions 2 and 3, the eNodeB does not optimize cell reselection
parameters.
 Condition 1: Qhyst + CellQoffset ≤ Min(Ocs + Off + Hys - Ocn)
 Condition 2: Qhyst + CellQoffset = Min(Ocs + Off + Hys - Ocn)
 Condition 3: Qhyst + CellQoffse ≥ 1
Optimization of Delayed Inter-
Frequency Handover related to A2
 Triggering condition: Inter-frequency MRO trigger has the same
conditions as intra-frequency, and with the following additional
conditions:
 The proportion of delayed handovers related to event A2 ≥
InterFreqMeasTooLateHoThd,
 the threshold for event A2 < the threshold for the event A1,
 the handover is regarded as a delayed handover related to

event A2 and A2 threshold is increased by one step.
Number of delayed handovers related to event A2
Proportion of delayed
handovers related to
event A2 Number of
Number of delayed
premature
handovers
handovers
Optimization of Premature or Delayed
Inter-Frequency Handover unrelated to
A2
 If the proportion of delayed handovers related to
event A2 < the specified threshold, the handover is
regarded as a delayed handover unrelated to
event A2 or a premature handover:
 Number of premature handovers < Number of delayed
handovers, then A4 or A3 CIO of inter-frequency neighbor
cell is increased by one step.
 Number of premature handovers > Number of delayed

handovers, then A4 OR A3 CIO of inter-frequency neighbor
cell is decreased by one step.
Cell-Level MRO against Ping-Pong
Handovers
 The eNodeB performs MRO against ping-pong handovers by
decreasing the CIO value between the cells by one step if the
following conditions are met:
 Proportion of ping-pong handovers > MRO.MRO.PingpongRatioThd
 where, Proportion of ping-pong handovers = Number of ping-pong
handovers/Total number of successful handovers
 Handover success rate ≥ MRO.MRO.NcellOptThd
 Proportion of RLF-induced abnormal handovers < RLF-induced

abnormal handover threshold/2
UE-Level MRO against Ping-Pong
Handovers
 the number of consecutive ping-pong handovers<
MRO.UePingPongNumThd, the eNodeB does not regard
the UE as a ping-pong UE. The eNodeB delivers the
configured CIO value to the UE.
 the number of consecutive ping-pong handovers=

MRO.UePingPongNumThd, the eNodeB regards the UE
as a ping-pong UE, decreases the configured CIO value by
1 dB for the UE, and then delivers the result to the UE.
UE-Level MRO against Ping-Pong
Handovers (Cont.)
 MRO.UePingPongNumThd <the number of consecutive
ping-pong handovers< MRO.UePingPongNumThd+2, the
eNodeB regards the UE as a ping-pong UE, decreases the
configured CIO value by 2 dB for the UE, and then delivers
the result to the UE.
 the number of consecutive ping-pong handovers ≧ <

MRO.UePingPongNumThd+2, the eNodeB cannot resolve
ping-pong handovers for the UE and increases the number
of ping-pong handover resolution failures by 1.
Value Range for Intra-Frequency
Handovers
 If operators expect that an intra-frequency handover is
triggered when the difference of the measured signal quality
between the neighboring and serving cells falls into the
range of A to B, the operators should set
CELLMRO.CioAdjLowerLimit and
CELLMRO.CioAdjUpperLimit according to the following
formulas:
 CioAdjLowerLimit = Min(Off + Ofs + Ocs - Ofn + Hys - B)
 CioAdjUpperLimit = Max(Off + Ofs + Ocs - Ofn + Hys - A)
MML Command
Value Range for Inter-Frequency
Handovers
 The entering condition for event A4 is as follows: Mn + Ofn
+ CIO - Hys > Thresh. It is generally agreed that a
neighboring cell can provide continuous services only when
Mn is higher than -110 dBm. Therefore, Huawei eNodeB
calculates the upper limit of the CIO value range for event
A4 as follows: Min(Thresh + 110 - Ofn + Hys). The eNodeB
takes -24 as the lower limit.
 In summary, the CIO value range for inter-frequency event

A4 is [-24, Min(Thresh + 110 - Ofn + Hys)].
Parameter Setting Rollback
 The eNodeB rolls back the parameter setting by decreasing
the current threshold for event A2by 1 dB. The rollback
occurs if both of the following conditions are met throughout
the 30 consecutive MRO periods following the period where
the threshold was adjusted:
 The threshold for event A2 is not adjusted.
 The proportion of A2-related delayed handovers is less than

the value of the MRO.InterFreqA2RollBackThd parameter.
Adjustments for Cell-Level MRO Cell-
Level Penalty
 Ping-pong adjustments of parameter settings may occur between
MRO periods. Huawei eNodeB monitors the last three parameter
adjustments made during MRO periods. If the last value is
identical to the first value, the eNodeB considers that a ping-pong
parameter adjustment occurred. As a penalty, the eNodeB will not
perform MRO throughout the next two MRO periods, each
specified by MRO.OptPeriod.
2
Optimization
Ping-Pong No optimization
Optimization 0 1
No optimization
Adjustments for UE-Level MRO UE-
Level Penalty
 When a UE-level ping-pong handover MRO period (4 hours)
approaches its end, the eNodeB calculates the proportion of RLFs
due to delayed handovers caused by UE-level MRO as follows:
 Proportion of RLFs due to delayed handovers caused by UE-level
MRO against ping-pong handovers = Number of such delayed
handovers/(Number of times the CIO value is decreased by 1 dB +
Number of times the CIO value is decreased by 2 dB)
 If the proportion of RLFs due to delayed handovers caused by UE-

level MRO against ping-pong handovers exceeds 1/20 (fixed), the
eNodeB postpones the UE-level ping-pong handover MRO for two
periods.
MML Command
MML Command (Cont.)
Contents
1. Overview
4. Related Features
6. MRO in U2000
Inter-RAT Handover Overview
Measurement trigger (A2 event)
Handover trigger (B1 event)

Inter-RAT Handover
Inter-RAT Handover Classification
Inter-RAT MRO
Delayed handover Premature handover
A2 related delayed A2 non-related delayed Optimization of

handover handover hysteresis for B1
Optimization A2
Optimization of
triggering threshold for
hysteresis for B1
QCI
Identification of Delayed Inter-RAT
Handover related to event A2 - type 1
 Triggering conditions:
 The eNodeB does not or fails to deliver the gap measurement
configuration, and does not receive intra-RAT premature or
delayed handover indication
 The source cell has valid inter-RAT neighboring cells and the
inter-RAT neighboring cells support the ongoing services of the
UE
 The source cell deletes the UE context due to timer expiration.
Optimization of Delayed Inter-RAT
Handover related to event A2 - type 1
 MRO handling conditions:
 Proportion of delayed handovers in type 1 ≥ Proportion
threshold for delayed handovers related to event A2
 Threshold for event A2 < Threshold for event A1
 the handover is regarded as a delayed Inter-RAT
handover related to event A2 and A2 threshold is
increased by one step (for the corresponding QCI)
Number of delayed inter-RAT handovers in type

1
handovers in type 1 Number of Number of delayed
premature inter-RAT inter-RAT
handovers handovers
Identification of Delayed Inter-RAT
Handover related to event B1 - type 2
 The eNodeB receives a measurement configuration for event A2
and successfully delivers a measurement configuration for setting
up a measurement gap.
 The eNodeB does not or fails to deliver a handover command, and

does not receive intra-RAT premature or delayed handover
indication.
 The source cell has valid inter-RAT neighboring cells and the inter-
RAT neighboring cells support the ongoing services of the UE.
 The source cell deletes the UE context due to timer expiration.
Optimization of Delayed Inter-RAT
Handover related to event B1 - type 2
 MRO handling conditions:

 Proportion of delayed handovers in type 1 < Proportion
 Number of premature handovers < Number of delayed

handovers in type 2
 the handover is regarded as a delayed Inter-RAT

handover related to event B1 and B1 threshold is
decreased by one step (for the corresponding QCI)
Optimization of Premature Inter-RAT
Handover
 is defined similarly as the intra-RAT premature handover
 Proportion of delayed handovers in type 1 < Proportion
 Number of premature inter-RAT handovers > Number of
delayed inter-RAT handovers in type 2
 the handover is regarded as a premature and the
hysteresis for event B1 is increased by one step.
Number of delayed inter-RAT handovers in type
1
handovers in type 1 Number of Number of delayed
premature inter-RAT inter-RAT
handovers handovers
Contents
1. Overview
4. Related Features
6. MRO in U2000
Related Features
 MRO is closely related to mobility management in
connected mode. MRO is performed based on all the
parameter values initially set for mobility management in
connected mode, and the parameter adjustments by MRO
affect mobility management in connected mode.
 If RAN sharing is deployed, only the primary operator can

modify handover parameters.
Contents
1. Overview
4. Related Features
6. MRO in U2000
Intra-RAT MRO
 Use intra-frequency MRO only after RF optimization is
performed. Use intra-frequency MRO continuously during
routine eNodeB maintenance because MRO can
automatically identify scenarios with no MRO gains and
avoid parameter adjustments.
 When intra-frequency MRO is enabled, it is recommended

that the MRO.StatNumThd parameter be set to 1000 and
the MRO.OptPeriod parameter be set to 1440, which
indicates a day.
Intra-RAT MRO (Cont.)
 Use inter-frequency MRO when either of the following
conditions is met:
 The number of intra-RAT RRC connection

reestablishments is higher than expected.
 The number of premature, delayed, or ping-pong

handovers between two inter-frequency cells is higher
than expected.
Contents
1. Overview
4. Related Features
6. MRO in U2000
Intra-Frequency MRO Activation
Observation
 This section describes
how to use SON logs to
verify all types of MRO.
 If a switch is turned on in
a MRO Switch Setting
event, the corresponding
type of MRO has been
activated.
Collecting and Analyzing MRO Data
 Choose Configuration > MRO Management and choose “Log
Statistics” tab.
Performance Monitoring
 To monitor the performance of intra-RAT MRO, observe the
following counters:
Counter Name Description

Number of ping-pong handovers
L.HHO.Ncell.PingPangHo
between a specific pair of cells
Number of delayed intra-RAT
L.HHO.NCell.HoToolate
handovers
Number of premature intra-RAT
L.HHO.NCell.HoTooearly
handovers
Performance Monitoring(Cont.)
 To monitor the performance of inter-RAT MRO, observe the
following counters:
Description
Description
Number of handover attempts from

L.IRATHO.E2W.PrepAttOut
E-UTRAN to UTRAN
Number of successful handovers

L.IRATHO.E2W.ExecSuccOut
from E-UTRAN to UTRAN
Number of handover attempts from

L.IRATHO.E2G.PrepAttOut
E-UTRAN to GERAN
Number of successful handovers

L.IRATHO.E2G.ExecSuccOut
from E-UTRAN to GERAN
Questions
 What are the abnormal HO scenarios?
 How to optimize the premature & delayed intra-frequency

handover?
Glossary
 CIO: Cell Individual Offset
 MRO: Mobility Robust Optimization
 SON: Self-Organizing Network
 RLF: Radio Link Failure
 PCI: Physical Cell Identifier
 CGI: Cell Global Identifier
 RAT: Radio Access Technology
Summary
 The basic principle of MRO
 The Process of Intra-RAT and Inter-RAT MRO
 MRO achieve in the U2000
Thank you
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LTE eRAN7.

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 For intra-freq scenario, adjust CIO of cell-pairs as per

 eRAN6.0--Intra-freq LTE MRO

 Recognize and send anti-ping-pong CIO parameter to ping-

 eRAN7.0--Intra-freq LTE MRO

 Added the controlled mode of MRO.

 Detail feature and parameters of intra-RAT MRO

 Detail feature and parameters of inter-RAT MRO

2. Intra-RAT MRO Management

3. Inter-RAT MRO Management

 The MRO feature achieves self-optimization functionality by

Handover Scenario Identification

Handover Scenario Handling

2. Intra-RAT MRO Management

3. Inter-RAT MRO Management

Handover trigger (A3 event)

Handover trigger (A4 or A3

Premature handover area Normal handover area

8. if find UE ID in local cell UE

Source eNodeB Target eNodeB

Normal handover area Delay handover area

Delayed inter-frequency handover related to event

Source Target Source Target

A2 measurement Measurement Handover command

 Coverage hole of cell A or B within their overlapping area

 Coverage hole or weak coverage area between cells A and B

Ping-Pong Handover: Period 2 < PingpongTimeThd

Check whether the

 Proportion of RLF-induced abnormal handovers ≤

 If the proportion of the number of delayed handovers to the total

 the handover is regarded as a delayed handover related to

 Number of premature handovers > Number of delayed

 Handover success rate ≥ MRO.MRO.NcellOptThd

 Proportion of RLF-induced abnormal handovers < RLF-induced

 the number of consecutive ping-pong handovers=

 the number of consecutive ping-pong handovers ≧ <

 CioAdjUpperLimit = Max(Off + Ofs + Ocs - Ofn + Hys - A)

 In summary, the CIO value range for inter-frequency event

 The proportion of A2-related delayed handovers is less than

 If the proportion of RLFs due to delayed handovers caused by UE-

2. Intra-RAT MRO Management

3. Inter-RAT MRO Management

Measurement trigger (A2 event)

Handover trigger (B1 event)

Delayed handover Premature handover

A2 related delayed A2 non-related delayed Optimization of

 The source cell deletes the UE context due to timer expiration.

Number of delayed inter-RAT handovers in type

 The eNodeB does not or fails to deliver a handover command, and

 The source cell deletes the UE context due to timer expiration.

 MRO handling conditions:

 Number of premature handovers < Number of delayed

 the handover is regarded as a delayed Inter-RAT

2. Intra-RAT MRO Management

3. Inter-RAT MRO Management

 If RAN sharing is deployed, only the primary operator can

2. Intra-RAT MRO Management

3. Inter-RAT MRO Management

 When intra-frequency MRO is enabled, it is recommended

 The number of intra-RAT RRC connection

 The number of premature, delayed, or ping-pong

2. Intra-RAT MRO Management

3. Inter-RAT MRO Management