IMPACT OF INDUSTRY AND

TECHNOLOGY
Muchlis
Could environmental science
increase our faith?
DEVELOPMENT OF CIVILIZATION
Hunter & Gatherers

99% of mankind’s
existence on Earth has
been as a HUNTER &
GATHERER
DEVELOPMENT OF BRAIN’S VOLUME
TRANSITION FROM HUNTING-
GATHERING TO AGRICULTURE

 Human population growth rate

increased slowly:
A. .0007-.0020 % /yr. Pleistocene age
B. .1 % /yr. Neolithic
C. 1-2 % /yr. Present day

 Low birth rate attributed to lifestyle of

hunter-gatherer – not food scarcity.
Agriculture
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
 The Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the
1700′s, and spread to the rest of the world,
beginning with the United States. The use of
machinery and factories led to mass production.
 Led to the development of numerous
environmental hazards.
Ex: deforestation
IMPACT OF INDUSTRY
 RY
 Video: how gold is made
Nature has its own waste
management system
Trouble occurs when we overload the
natural system’s ecological balance
Industry has developed biodegradable
wastes that are not harmful to the
environment in the long term
 HUMAN NEEDS HAS CHANGED

2 million years ago 2015

Traditional Modern
 Deforestation
Effects on Environment :
 atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration increases
 soil erosion by heavy rain or strong wind

no root to hold soil particles together

soil being washed into rivers  fills up

the river bed  causes flooding

 Deforestation
Effects on Environment :

 destroys natural habitats & causes loss of species

cause extinction of species because of
destruction of natural habitat
loss of important medicines
Definition: Any undesirable change in the
environment caused by
Human Activities
 Smoke & Exhaust Fumes
 Domestic Wastes
 Agricultural Wastes
 Industrial Wastes
 Noise
Effect of Pollutants
on Human Health &
the Environment
 Smoke & Exhaust Fumes
 Carbon Monoxide
 form carboxyhaemoglobin
permanently with
haemoglobin in blood which
reduces the oxygen-
carrying capacity of blood
 Health Effect: slow response,
fainting and even death
 Carbon Dioxide
 accounts for Greenhouse Effect
 causes melting of polar ice  increases in sea
level  causes flooding of cities
 Carbon Particles :
 Environmental Effect: cover plants & make them
unable to carry out gaseous exchange &
photosynthesis
 Health Effect: cause respiratory diseases

 Lead : from cars

 Health Effect: affect mental
development of baby & child,
cause headache, irritability,
fatigue & depression
 Sulphur Dioxide &
Nitrogen Dioxide H2SO4 &
HNO3
 Environmental
Effect: produce Dry fallout
SO2 & NOx Acid
Acid
snow
acid rain which is rain

corrosive to
buildings and
Die off of
plants & fish are aquatic
life
unable to survive Acid
leaching
in acidic
conditions
 Smog Formation
 pollutants trapped by a layer of warm air above so that it cannot
rise and disperse
 a mixture of poisonous gases & fog
 Health Effect: irritates eyes & lungs
 Environmental Effect: toxic to plants
 CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)
 Environmental Effect: reduce amount of ozone in atmosphere
 Health Effect: increase chances of skin cancer
 Domestic Wastes
Rubbish
– Environmental Effect:
give off bad smell &
attract pests
Metal Cans & Plastics
– Environmental Effect:
non-biodegradable
which needs plenty of
space for landfilling
Detergents
– Environmental Effect:
 create foam on surface, decrease oxygen
content in rivers, living organisms suffocate
& die
 increase phosphate ions, cause algal bloom
(eg. red tides)
– affect the functioning of sewage treatment
plant by killing micro-organisms which the
treatment depends
 Agricultural Wastes
 Inorganic Fertilizers
– Environmental Effect:
Eutrophication
 cause rapid growth of algae (e.g. red tides)
 use up lots of O2 in water
 fish & other organisms die from suffocation
 Manure
– Environmental Effect:
 decomposers increase rapidly due to sufficient
food supply
 O2 content in water decreases
 cause suffocation of fish & other organisms
EUTROPHICATION

Eutrophication: nutrient
enrichment of lakes
mostly from runoff of
plant nutrients
(nitrates and
phosphates)
 During hot dry weather can
lead to algae blooms
 Decrease of photosynthesis
 Dying algae then drops DO
levels
 Fish kills, bad odor
 Industrial Wastes
Soluble Poisonous Heavy Metal Elements
– Environmental Effect: accumulate along the food
chain & cause death when in high concentration
Crude Oil (from wrecked tankers)
– Environmental Effect:
 cover sea surface which reduces light
penetration and dissolve O2 amount
 stick feathers of birds,
making them unable to fly
 NOISE
Sources
 domestic
 industrial
 constructional
 traffic

Effects:
– Health Effect: causes psychological stress,
irritation, nervous fatigue, ear less sensitive
& even deafness
Thanks You
DISCUSSION
 How to make sure increasing of development not
destroy the environment
 How your efforts as a industrial engineering
students to overcome pollution caused by your
factory
 What is relation between pollution and
environmental basic concept (human as a
steward)