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coastal land
The Coastal Area
Many terms are used to describe the boundary between land and
sea. Terms like shore, shoreline, coastal area, coast, and beach are all
common names. Let’s take a few minutes to clarify what these mean.
The shoreline is the line that marks the contact between land and
sea. Each day, as tides rise and fall, the position of the shoreline
migrates. Over longer time spans, the average position of the
shoreline gradually shifts as sea level rises or falls.
The shore is the area that extends between the lowest tide level
and the highest elevation on land that is affected by storm waves.
By contrast, the coast extends inland from the shore as far as
ocean-related features can be found. The coastline marks the
coast’s seaward edge, whereas the inland boundary is not always
obvious or easy to determine.
The Coastal Area
The shore is divided into the foreshore and the backshore. The
foreshore is the area exposed when the tide is out (low tide) and
submerged when the tide is in (high tide). The backshore is
landward of the high-tide shoreline. It is usually dry, being affected
by waves only during storms.
CENTRAL JAVA SPECIAL REGIONS OF YOGYAKARTA
COASTAL SANDY LAND AT BUGEL BEACH
Barchan Dunes
Barchan dunes develop through the saltation of
sand grains up their gentle sloping windward
slope, and settle by the angle of repose down
the leeward or slipface. These dunes grow with
the addition of sand and also move forward.
SANDY SOIL AT BUGEL BEACH
SOIL PARTICLES
DOMINATED BY
SANDY SOIL SAND FRACTION
Coarse Textured Soil
Dominated by sand fraction
– Large pore spaces and allows water to
easily run through it beyond the reach
of roots (gravitational water)
– Drought-prone (low adhesion force)
– Little surface area for the particle
volume, reducing fertility
SANDY SOIL AT COASTAL AREA OF BUGEL
O2 -4H- O2
2NH4 + 2HONH2 HONNOH 2NO2- + 2H+ + energy
hydroxilamine 2e-
O2
gravitational 2NO3-
water
top soil
Fresh water
mixture of fresh brackish water
water and sea water sea water
sea water intrusion
INCREASE WATER
HOLDING CAPASITY
N-FERTILIZER
REDUCTION OF NITRATE
LEACHING