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A variable is nothing but a name given to a storage area that our programs can
manipulate. Each variable in C has a specific type, which determines the size and
layout of the variable's memory; the range of values that can be stored within that
memory; and the set of operations that can be applied to the variable.
The name of a variable can be composed of letters, digits, and the underscore
character. It must begin with either a letter or an underscore. Upper and
lowercase letters are distinct because C is case-sensitive.
Data Types:
An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical
functions. C language is rich in built-in operators and provides the following types of
operators −
Arithmetic Operators
Relational Operators
Logical Operators
Bitwise Operators
Assignment Operators
Misc Operators
Arrays
Arrays a kind of data structure that can store a fixed-size sequential collection
of elements of the same type. An array is used to store a collection of data,
but it is often more useful to think of an array as a collection of variables of the
same type.
Library Functions
User Defined Function
Function Name
Parameter list
Function Body
Strings:
String Functions:
Strcat
Strlen
Strcmp
Strrev
Strcpy
Pointers:
Struct
Unions
Unions are conceptually similar to structures. The syntax to declare/define a union is also
similar to that of a structure. The only differences is in terms of storage. In structure each
member has its own storage location, whereas all members of union uses a single shared
memory location which is equal to the size of its largest data member.
Typedef:
Input means to provide the program with some data to be used in the
program and Output means to display data on screen or write the data to a
printer or a file.
Scanf
Printf
Getchar
Putchar
Get’s
Put’s
Dynamic Memory Allocation:
Malloc:
Calloc:
Realloc
Free: