Mototrbo ™ System Training: - System Design: Topologies, Capacity Planning, and Configurations

MOTOTRBO™ System Training
Module 3 – System Design:

Topologies, Capacity Planning,
and Configurations
MOTOTRBO™ System Training – Release 2.0
MOTOROLA, MOTO, MOTOROLA SOLUTIONS and the Stylized M Logo are trademarks or registered
trademarks of Motorola Trademark Holdings, LLC and are used under license.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. © 2010, 2011 Motorola Solutions, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Module Objectives
Upon completion of this module, participants will be able to:
• Describe MOTOTRBO system topologies.

• Describe the Analog to Digital migration process.
• Explain system and channel capacity planning.

Module 3 - 2
Module Map
Module 3 – System Design: Topologies, Capacity Planning

and Configurations
Introduction
System Topologies
System Capacity Planning
IP Site Connect
Capacity Plus
Digital Telephone Patch System Design Considerations
Transmit Interrupt System Design Considerations
Dynamic Mixed Mode Design Considerations

Module 3 - 3
Topic 1 – Introduction
Components and Applications
System Design Considerations

Module 3 - 4
Introduction
Components and Applications
MOTOTRBO System Components and Applications
Fixed Non-Fixed Data Applications

Components Components
• Repeaters • Portable Radios • 3rd Party Data Applications
• 3rd Party Application Servers • Mobile Radios
• Radio Control Stations
• Deskset Consoles
SYSTEM DESIGN = Interconnection of Components and Applications
Note: Refer to MOTOTRBO System Planner for more detailed information on MOTOTRBO’s system
components and applications

Module 3 - 5
Introduction
System Design Considerations
• Customer needs determine system deployment choices.
• The system designer will need to know:

- The capacity requirements
- The voice, data, and signaling requirements
- The coverage and topology requirements
What voice, data and

signaling features are
required?
How many users need
Where are the
to communicate with
users
each other?
communicating
to and from?

Module 3 - 6
Topic 2 – System Topologies
Definition
Basic Topologies
Direct, Repeater, IP Site Connect and Capacity Plus Topologies
MOTOTRBO Digital and Analog Features
Analog to Digital Migration

Module 3 - 7
System Topologies
Definition
• A system topology is a schematic description of a communication

network’s arrangement (including its nodes and the node to node signal paths).
• A MOTOTRBO system can be arranged into more than one topology.

Module 3 - 8
System Topologies
Basic Topologies
• Coverage and feature requirements drive the selection of Direct, Repeater, or IP
Site Connect Mode topologies.
MOTOTRBO Topologies
Direct Mode Repeater Mode IP Site Connect Mode Capacity Plus Mode
Voice, Signaling Combination of Single-site Trunking

Voice, Signaling
and Built-in Text multiple Single solution
and Built-in Text
Messaging Site systems
Messaging
No central controller
Data Applications Roam or exclusive control
Data Applications channel
Telemetry RDAC
Telemetry
Analog 254 Groups
Coverage/System
Analog Interoperability footprint greatly 12 Trunked Voice
Interoperability increased
Scan Channels
Priority Scan 24 Data Revert
environment 2:1 channel Dynamic Mixed Mode
capacity Channels
Repeater Mode
dynamically switching RDAC
Improved coverage
at fringe areas between Digital and
Analog Conventional
operation

Module 3 - 9
System Topologies
Direct Mode – Voice / Built-in Text Messaging
Freq 1
Digital Channel
Freq 1
MOTOTRBO Radio
MOTOTRBO Radio
MOTOTRBO Radios in Digital Direct Mode

Module 3 - 10
System Topologies
Direct Mode - Telemetry
Freq 1
Digital Channel GPIO

(output)
Freq 1
MOTOTRBO Radio
MOTOTRBO Radio
Telemetry Command from MOTOTRBO Radio to another MOTOTRBO Radio in Direct Digital Mode

Module 3 - 11
System Topologies
Direct Mode - Data Applications with Server
USB
MOTOTRBO Radio
(GPS Enabled) 3rd Party Application
USB
3rd Party Application Server Control Stations
MOTOTRBO Radio in Digital Direct Mode with 3rd Party MOTOTRBO Radio
(GPS Enabled)
Application Server

Module 3 - 12
System Topologies
Direct Mode – GPS Revert
f1 - Presence/Voice/Text
Control Station
Location Request
Selected Tx & Rx = f1
GPS Revert Tx & Rx = f2
Application Server
Control Station Location Response
Selected Tx & Rx = f1
• GPS Revert in Direct Mode

Module 3 - 13
System Topologies
Direct Mode - Analog Interoperability
Freq 1 Freq 2 (or Freq 1)
Analog Channel Digital Channel
Freq 1 Freq 2 (or Freq 1)
MOTOTRBO Radio
Digital mode
Legacy Analog Radio
MOTOTRBO Radio
(or MOTOTRBO Radio
Analog & Digital mode
Analog mode)
User selects either analog or digital

direct mode

Module 3 - 14
System Topologies
Repeater Mode - Voice/Built-in Text Messaging
MOTOTRBO Radio
Digital mode
MOTOTRBO Radio
Digital mode
MOTOTRBO Repeater
2-slot operation
MOTOTRBO Radios in Digital Repeater Mode

MOTOTRBO Radio
MOTOTRBO Radio
Digital mode
Digital mode

Module 3 - 15
System Topologies
Repeater Mode - Telemetry
MOTOTRBO Radio
Digital mode
MOTOTRBO Repeater
2-slot operation
Telemetry Command from MOTOTRBO Radio to another MOTOTRBO Radio in

Direct Repeater Mode
MOTOTRBO Radio
Digital mode

Module 3 - 16
System Topologies
Repeater Mode - Data Applications with Server
MOTOTRBO Radio
(GPS Enabled)
Freq 1 Slot 1
Digital Channel
USB
Freq 2 Slot 1
Freq 1 Slot 2
Control Stations Digital Channel

3rd Party Application MOTOTRBO Repeater
Server 2-slot operation
Freq 2 Slot 2
MOTOTRBO Radio in Digital Repeater Mode with 3rd Party MOTOTRBO Radio
Application Server (GPS Enabled)

Module 3 - 17
System Topologies
Repeater Mode – GPS Revert
Control Station
Tx = f1& Rx = f2
Slot 1
Selected Tx & Rx = f1 Slot 1

Rx = f1 & Rx = f2
Application Server
Control Station
Tx = f1& Rx = f2
Slot 2
Selected Tx & Rx = f1 Slot 2
• GPS Revert in Repeater Mode GPS Revert Tx & Rx = f2

Module 3 - 18
System Topologies
Repeater Mode – Enhanced GPS Revert

Module 3 - 19
System Topologies
Repeater Mode - Analog Interoperability
Freq 2
Analog Channel
Freq 2
MOTOTRBO Radio
Legacy Analog Radio
(or MOTOTRBO Radio
Analog mode)
MOTOTRBO Repeater
2-slot operation
Legacy Analog Repeater

(or MOTOTRBO Repeater
Analog mode)
User selects between Digital Repeater mode or

Analog Direct / Analog Repeater mode MOTOTRBO Radio

Module 3 - 20
System Topologies
IP Site Connect Mode – IP Site Connect System on LAN
IP Site
Connect
Device
Network
IP Site IP Site
Connect Connect
Device Device
Local Area
vvv
Network
IP Site IP Site
Connect Connect
Device Device
IP Site
Connect
Device

Module 3 - 21
System Topologies
IP Site Connect Mode – IP Site Connect System on WAN
IP Site
Connect
Device
Network router
IP Site IP Site
Connect router router Connect
Device Device
Wide Area
vvv
Network
IP Site IP Site
Connect router router Connect
Device Device
router
IP Site
Connect
Device

Module 3 - 22
System Topologies
IP Site Connect Mode – IP Site Connect System on LAN and WAN
IP Site The number of IP Site Connect Devices
Connect located behind a single router will have an
Device effect on the required bandwidth of the
WAN connection
Network router
IP Site IP Site
Connect Connect
Device Device
Local Area Wide Area Local Area

Network router router Network
vvv
Network
IP Site IP Site
Connect Connect
Device Device
router
IP Site
Connect
Device

Module 3 - 23
System Topologies
IP Site Connect Mode – Wide Area System with Centralized Data Application Server

Module 3 - 24
System Topologies
IP Site Connect Mode – Wide and Local Area System with Distributed Data Application Servers

Module 3 - 25
System Topologies
IP Site Connect Mode – Multiple Wide Area Systems with Centralized Data Application Server

Module 3 - 26
System Topologies
IP Site Connect Mode – Enhanced GPS Revert Channel

Module 3 - 27
System Topologies
Capacity Plus Mode – Channel Configuration Rules
• There are 2 types of Capacity Plus channels

– Trunking (Voice) channel
– Data Revert (Data) channel
• There are rules to follow when configuring channels in

Capacity Plus mode
– Both channels of a repeater must be of the same type
– All Trunking and Data Revert channels are to be kept in the
Channel Pool
• Channel Pool contains channels that are not tied to a position
and are referenced by personalities or used for revert
purposes. It is not visible to the radio user.

Module 3 - 28
System Topologies
Capacity Plus Mode – System with Local RDAC and no Data Application Server

Module 3 - 29
System Topologies
Capacity Plus Mode – System with Remote RDAC and no Data Application Server

Module 3 - 30
System Topologies
Capacity Plus Mode – System with Data Application Server on Trunking Channels

Module 3 - 31
System Topologies
Capacity Plus Mode – Alternative System with Data Application Server on Trunking Channels
A busy
channel Repeater
SU SU T1
Conventional (trunked)
CS1
Conventional
Data sent on trunking
CS2 channels
One conventional
Repeater
Conventional
CS3
T2 control station per
Application (Master)
Server
Conventional
(trunked)
trunking channel slot
Backen
CS4
d
Networ All conventional control
k
Repeater Ethernet stations share the same
Conventional T3 Switch
CS5 (trunked) Radio ID
Trunked
Conventional channels
CS6
Rest channel
SU
SU
SU
SU

Module 3 - 32
System Topologies
Capacity Plus Mode – System with Data Application Server on Data Revert Channels

Module 3 - 33
System Topologies
Capacity Plus Mode – System with Enhanced GPS Revert Channel

Module 3 - 34
System Topologies
MOTOTRBO Digital Features - Direct Mode
Digital MOTOTRBO Radios in Direct Mode

Voice Signalling Emergency Data Calls Other Features
Features Features Handling
Group Call PTT ID and Emergency Alarm Text Messaging Scan / Priority Scan
Aliasing
Private Call Radio Inhibit Emergency Alarm Location Tracking Time out Timer
with Call
All call Remote Emergency Alarm Telemetry Polite to All Channel
Monitor with Voice to Follow Access
Voice Interrupt Radio Check Emergency Revert Third Party Polite to Own System
Applications Channel Access
- Call Alert Emergency Voice GPS Revert Impolite Channel Access
Interrupt
- Remote Voice - Data Over Voice -
Dekey Interrupt

Module 3 - 35
System Topologies
MOTOTRBO Digital Features - Repeater Mode
Digital MOTOTRBO Radios in Repeater Mode

Group Call PTT ID and Emergency Alarm Text Messaging Two Channels (slot 1 & 2)
Aliasing Per Repeater Frequency
Pair
Private Call Radio Inhibit Emergency Alarm Location Scan / Priority Scan
with Call Tracking
All call Remote Monitor Emergency Alarm Telemetry Time out Timer
with Voice to Follow
Voice Interrupt Radio Check Emergency Revert Third Party Polite to All System Access
Applications
Dual Tone Multi Call Alert Emergency Voice GPS Revert Polite to Own System
Frequency Interrupt Channel Access
Digital Telephone Remote Voice - Data Over Voice Impolite Channel Access
Patch Dekey Interrupt

Module 3 - 36
System Topologies
MOTOTRBO Digital Features – IP Site Connect Mode
Digital MOTOTRBO Radios in IP Site Connect Mode
Group Call PTT ID and Emergency Alarm Text Messaging Two Channels (slot 1 & 2) Remote Diagnostics
Aliasing and Control
Private Call Radio Inhibit Emergency Alarm Location Tracking Mix of Wide and Local Roaming*
with Call Area Channels
All call Remote Emergency Alarm Telemetry Scan* / Priority Scan* Wide Area Coverage
Monitor with Voice to
Follow
Voice Radio Check Emergency Revert Third Party Polite to All System Enhanced Privacy
Interrupt Per Site Applications Access
Dual Tone Call Alert Emergency Voice GPS Revert Per Polite to Own System Time out Timer
Multi Interrupt Site Channel Access
Frequency
Digital Remote Voice - Data Over Voice Impolite Channel Access -
Telephone Dekey Interrupt
Patch
* Scan and Roam are not supported together on the same channel

Module 3 - 37
System Topologies
MOTOTRBO Digital Features – Capacity Plus Mode
Digital MOTOTRBO Radios in Capacity Plus Mode
Group Call PTT ID and Emergency Alarm Text Messaging Trunked Channels Remote
Aliasing Diagnostics
and Control
Private Call Radio Inhibit Emergency Alarm Location Two Channels (slot 1 Privacy
with Call Tracking & 2)
All call Remote Monitor Emergency Alarm Telemetry Shared Channel Time-Out
with Voice to Follow Support Timer
Voice Interrupt Radio Check Emergency Revert Third Party Call Initiation by a Option Board
Group Applications Listening Radio
Dual Tone Call Alert Emergency Voice Data Revert - -
Multi Interrupt Channels
Frequency
Digital Remote Voice - Data Over Voice - -
Telephone Dekey Interrupt
Patch

Module 3 - 38
System Topologies
MOTOTRBO Analog Features (Direct and Repeater Mode)

Module 3 - 39
System Topologies
MOTOTRBO Analog Scan Features (Direct and Repeater Mode)

Module 3 - 40
System Topologies
• System Migration is the process of moving from one operating

platform to another (i.e.: from an analog two-way radio platform to
a digital two-way radio platform).
• Select the migration strategy based on your customer’s needs.
Preparation
New / Full System

Replacement
Migration

Module 3 - 41
System Topologies
Strategy Description
New / Full System Deploy all new MOTOTRBO equipment and operate in digital
Replacement mode only.
Deploy new digital capable MOTOTRBO subscriber units but

Preparation
still operate in analog (legacy) mode.
Transition the customer’s system from analog to digital site by

site / channel by channel / talkgroup by talkgroup. Deploy
MOTOTRBO equipment for selected sites / channels /
Migration talkgroups and operate the system in analog and digital mode
by leveraging the radio’s capability to scan and support both
modes. May also opt to operate the MOTOTRBO Repeater in
Dynamic Mixed Mode.

Module 3 - 42
System Topologies
Analog to Digital Migration – Preparation Strategy
Example: Customer with 1 Repeater Channel
• Overview: The customer will maintain the single non-MOTOROLA
repeater channel, gradually deploying digital radios in preparation for
future migration. The customer will gradually add MOTOTRBO radios to
the fleet, replacing analog radios as time & budget allows.
• Program new MOTOTRBO radios with the current analog repeater channel
as well as the future digital repeater channels. Include a digital direct mode
channel in the programming.
• Complete training on how to use MOTOTRBO in digital and analog modes.

Module 3 - 43
System Topologies
• During the Preparation Period:

– MOTOTRBO radios will communicate with existing analog radios in
analog repeater mode.
– If desired, MOTOTRBO radios can communicate with each other in
digital direct mode.
• This gives users opportunity to try out the digital features and applications.
• NOTE: MOTOTRBO radios can scan between analog and digital to
maintain communications with all users.
– A MOTOTRBO repeater can be installed to replace the non-
MOTOTRBO analog repeater at any time.
– During the Preparation Period, the MOTOTRBO repeater will operate
in analog mode.

Module 3 - 44
System Topologies
• During the preparation period, MOTOTRBO radios communicate with existing analog
radios in analog repeater mode.
• Digital direct mode can be used to build familiarity with digital features & applications.
Legacy Analog Radio

(or MOTOTRBO Radio
Analog mode)
Analog Mode)
Freq 2
Digital Direct Channel
MOTOTRBO Radio Freq 2

MOTOTRBO Radio
Digital Direct Mode
User can select between
Analog and Digital modes

Module 3 - 45
System Topologies
• When the preparation stage has been completed:
– Switch the MOTOTRBO repeater to begin operating in digital mode via CPS reprogramming
– Inform MOTOTRBO radio users to begin utilizing the digital repeater channel(s)
– Note that because the MOTOTRBO repeater delivers a 2:1 capacity increase, the customer now
effectively has a 2-channel system.

Module 3 - 46
System Topologies
Analog to Digital Migration – Migration Strategy

• Overview: The customer will add a MOTOTRBO repeater in digital mode on the same
channel as the analog repeater and deploy a number of digital radios at the start of the
migration period (i.e. one or more of his workgroups will begin operating in digital mode).
• Program MOTOTRBO radios with the current analog channel and the new digital
channel.
• During the Migration Period:
– MOTOTRBO radios communicate with each other in digital mode using the MOTOTRBO
repeater.
– MOTOTRBO radios communicate with existing analog radios in the analog mode using the
legacy analog repeater.
– Note that because the digital repeater can deliver a 2:1 capacity increase, the customer
effectively has 2 digital channels (overlaying the analog channel) during the migration period.
– MOTOTRBO radios can scan between analog and digital mode to maintain communications with
all users.
• During the course of the migration, the customer can continue to deploy digital radios
until ultimately the analogue repeater is decommissioned.

Module 3 - 47
System Topologies

• During the migration period, some users utilize the digital repeater while others utilize the
analog repeater. However since both repeaters share the same channel, then only one
repeater can be active at any given time. MOTOTRBO radios can scan between analog
and digital mode to maintain communications with all users.

Analog mode)
Legacy Analog Radio

(or MOTOTRBO Radio
Analog mode)
Legacy Analog Radio

MOTOTRBO Radio (or MOTOTRBO Radio
Users can select between Analog mode)
Digital Users Analog Users

Module 3 - 48
System Topologies

• As the number of MOTOTRBO radios increases, on a pre-determined cut-over day:
– Decommission the analog repeater.
– Swap remaining analog radios with MOTOTRBO radios. All radios now operate in digital mode.

Module 3 - 49
System Topologies
Example: Customer with 2 Repeater Channels
• Overview: The customer operates a MOTOTRBO repeater in Digital mode

and deploys a number of digital radios at the start of the migration period
(i.e. one of his channels and one or more of his workgroups will begin operating in
digital mode).
• Program MOTOTRBO radios with the current analog channels and the new
digital channels.

Module 3 - 50
System Topologies

– MOTOTRBO radios communicate with each other on the digital channel using
the MOTOTRBO repeater.
– MOTOTRBO radios communicate with existing analog radios on the analog
channel using the legacy analog repeater.
– Note that because the digital repeater can deliver a 2:1 capacity increase, the
customer effectively has 3 channels during the migration period: two digital and
one analog.
– MOTOTRBO radios can scan between analog and digital channels to maintain
communications with all users.
– MOTOTRBO radios can be part of an IP Site Connect system.
• During the course of the migration, the customer can continue to deploy digital
radios until ultimately converting the second repeater to digital as well.

Module 3 - 51
System Topologies

• During the migration period, some users utilize the digital repeater while others utilize the
analog repeater. MOTOTRBO radios can scan between analog and digital to maintain
communications with all users

Analog mode)
Legacy Analog Radio

(or MOTOTRBO Radio
Analog mode)
Legacy Analog Radio

MOTOTRBO Radio (or MOTOTRBO Radio
Users can select between Analog mode)
Digital Users Analog Users

Module 3 - 52
System Topologies

• As the number of MOTOTRBO radios increases, on a pre-determined cut-over day:
– Replace the remaining analog repeater with a MOTOTRBO repeater. (Alternatively, can deploy a
MOTOTRBO repeater in analog mode anytime prior to cutover day, and then switch it from analog to
digital mode via CPS reprogramming on the cut-over day.)
– Swap remaining analog radios with MOTOTRBO radios. All radios now operate in digital mode.
– Because each digital repeater delivers 2 channels, the customer effectively has 4 channels after cut-
over

Module 3 - 53
System Topologies
Analog to Digital Migration – Migration Strategy (2)
• Overview: The customer operates a single MOTOTRBO repeater in

Dynamic Mixed mode and deploys a number of digital radios at the start of
the migration period
• Program MOTOTRBO radios with the current analog channels and the new
digital channels.

Module 3 - 54
System Topologies

– MOTOTRBO repeater in Dynamic Mixed mode automatically switches to digital
or analog mode depending on the current call type.
– MOTOTRBO radios communicate with each other on the digital channel using
the MOTOTRBO repeater.
– MOTOTRBO radios communicate with existing analog radios on the analog
channel using the MOTOTRBO repeater.
– MOTOTRBO radios can scan between analog and digital channels to maintain
communications with all users.
– The system is unable to support some digital-only features such as Capacity
Plus, IP Site Connect, Transmit Interrupt and RDAC-over-IP.
• During the course of the migration, the customer can continue to deploy digital
radios until ultimately converting the repeater to fully digital mode.

Module 3 - 55
System Topologies
• During the migration period, MOTOTRBO radios can communicate in both digital and analog
repeater modes.
• The repeater automatically switches modes depending on the call type (digital or analog).
MOTOTRBO Radios
MOTOTRBO Radios
MOTOTRBO Repeater
in Dynamic Mixed Mode
Legacy Radios

Module 3 - 56
System Topologies
• When the migration stage has been completed:
– Switch the MOTOTRBO repeater to begin operating in digital mode via CPS reprogramming
– Inform MOTOTRBO radio users to begin utilizing the digital repeater channel(s)
– Note that because the MOTOTRBO repeater delivers a 2:1 capacity increase, the customer now
effectively has a 2-channel system.
MOTOTRBO Radios
MOTOTRBO Repeater
2-slot operation
MOTOTRBO Radios

Module 3 - 57
System Topologies
Analog Repeater Interface
• To facilitate analog to digital migration, the MOTOTRBO repeater

offers an analog repeater interface. This will allow the MOTOTRBO
repeater to work alongside legacy analog accessories.
• The interface is configurable via CPS, and can support the following
accessories:
- Tone panels
- Phone patches
- Console Deskset connected via a local interface
- Console Dispatcher in base station configuration
- Trunking controllers
- Community repeaters

Module 3 - 58
Topic 3 – System Capacity Planning
Definition
Capacity Considerations
Multiple Repeaters
Multiple Color Codes

Module 3 - 59
Definition
• System capacity is the ‘nominal loading’ that occurs on a channel that

will result in an acceptable level of performance and user experience.
• Capacity consideration are as follows:

– Voice traffic
– Text messaging traffic
– Location tracking traffic
– Registration and signaling traffic
• Addressing these will allow the system designer to estimate number

of frequencies, channels and talkgroups needed.

Module 3 - 60
Capacity Considerations - Standard Voice and Data Traffic Profiles
Call rates per hour is an aggregate of all units and groups sharing the channel
Module 3 - 61
Capacity Considerations – Loading Analysis Results (for Single Repeater & IP Site Connect)
• The y-axis is an approximation of how likely a customer is to encounter a busy channel given
the previously described set of assumptions (in previous slide). It's not a specification or
guarantee of performance, and each customer's experience will vary.
• If there is Low Usage (Voice, GPS, Text) the blue line should be the line of reference.
• Based on the blue line, for 20 users per slot, there is a ~12% chance that a user will
encounter a busy channel.

Module 3 - 62
Capacity Considerations – Loading Analysis Results (for Single Repeater & IP Site Connect Cont.)
• Low usage (voice, GPS and text) – 1 group call an hour, 2.5 text messages
an hour, and GPS update period of 10 minutes.
• Using the system for only voice services only should be able to support
approximately 45 users per channel.
• Customers who intend to support higher level of voice traffic, should be

able to group approximately 15 to 20 users per channel.
• High usage ( voice only & voice, GPS and Text) – allows approximately 15 –
20 users per channel.
• Low voice traffic – 30 to 35 users per channel.

Module 3 - 63
Capacity Considerations – Loading Analysis Results (for Single Repeater & IP Site Connect Cont.)

Module 3 - 64
Capacity Considerations – Loading Analysis Results (for Capacity Plus)
Users vs Num Channels
12
High Voice Profile
(2% GoS)
10
High Voice Profile
(5% GoS)
8 High Voice Profile

Number of Channels
(8% GoS)
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Number of Users
Module 3 - 65
Capacity Considerations – Loading Analysis Results (for Capacity Plus Cont.)
Users vs Num Channels
12
High Voice Low GPS
(2% GoS)
10
High Voice Low GPS
(5% GoS)
8
Number of Channels
High Voice Low GPS

(8% GoS)
6
Low Voice Low GPS
(2% GoS)
4 Low Voice Low GPS

(5% GoS)
2 Low Voice Low GPS

(8% GoS)
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
Number of Users
Module 3 - 66
Capacity Considerations – Loading Analysis Results (for Capacity Plus Cont.)

Module 3 - 67
Capacity Considerations - Options to Optimize Capacity (for Single Repeater & IP Site Connect)
• Distribute high usage users and talkgroups between slots of the

repeater(s).
– Keep the number of high usage users per channel to a minimum.
• Minimize location periodic update rate.

– It is recommended that normal users be configured to use a simple 10 minutes
update.
– Only increase individual radios to a 1 minute update rate or quicker during
emergencies or special situations.
– Review and understand impact to loading and performance when numerous
radios are configured to use an update rate lower than 10 minutes.
– Minimum update rate is 10 minutes. Maximum update rate is infinite.
– However, it is recommended that the location update rate is 10 minutes. Maximum
update rate is infinite.

Module 3 - 68
Capacity Considerations - Options to Optimize Capacity (for Single Repeater & IP Site Connect Cont.)
• Data applications retry attempts and intervals (configure at server).

– Decrease retry attempts.
– Increase retry intervals.
• Optimize outbound message rate of data applications (configure at

server).
– Pace outgoing messages appropriately to avoid congesting the channel.
– A MOTOTRBO radio can only buffer up to 10 messages.

Module 3 - 69
Capacity Considerations - Options to Optimize Capacity (for Capacity Plus)
• In a shared channel environment

– Recommended to set a preference level (via CPS) for the use of a
frequency
– Repeaters of frequencies with less interference from other systems
should be granted higher preference level than repeaters of
frequencies with more interference from other systems
– Repeaters with exclusive frequency licenses should have higher
preference levels than repeaters with shared frequency licenses

Module 3 - 70
Capacity Considerations - Options to Optimize Capacity (for Capacity Plus Cont.)
• Improving channel capacity by adjusting hang times

– During hang time, only members of a call can start a transmission
– Advantage: Provides guaranteed access
– Disadvantage: Channel is underutilized during hang times
– Solution: Reduce call hang time in the repeater.
– Considerations:
• Call member that misses the hang time starts new calls on a different
frequency each time
• Other call members may have moved to higher priority calls before new call
(actually, a late reply to the first call) has begun
• New call may be denied due to unavailable channels

Module 3 - 71
Capacity Considerations - Options to Optimize Capacity (for Capacity Plus Cont.)
• Call priorities in Capacity Plus

• If more than one call is active in a Capacity Plus system, then a radio joins its
most preferred call when:
• A call in which the radio was participating ends
• The radio powers on or returns from a fade (for the case where all trunked
channels are not busy).
• The call preferences (listed in descending order) are Emergency call of
interest, All Call, radio’s transmit group and radio’s receive group list (note: the
entries within the radio’s receive group list are also prioritised with the first
entry having the highest priority).
• Call priority is enforced by a radio only while it is entering a call. Once the radio
joins a call, it will not look for any other high-priority call in the system (except
an All Call).
• Call initiation in Capacity Plus
– While a radio is listening to a Group Call, the user can initiate a new non-data
call (note: a radio moves to rest channel first before initiating the new call).

Module 3 - 72
Capacity Considerations – GPS Revert and Loading
• Channel Loading with GPS Revert Channels

Module 3 - 73
Capacity Considerations – GPS Revert and Loading
• Channel Loading with GPS Revert Channels

Module 3 - 74
Capacity Considerations – GPS Revert and Loading (Cont.)

Module 3 - 75
Capacity Considerations – Enhanced GPS Revert Loading and Reliability
If I've been a bad sheep-farmer
* Loading refers to % of periodic window reservation

Module 3 - 76
Capacity Considerations – Enhanced GPS Revert Loading and Reliability (Cont.)

Module 3 - 77

Module 3 - 78

Module 3 - 79
Multiple Digital Repeaters (Single Site)
• Multiple digital repeaters are needed to:

– Provide sufficient RF coverage in large geographical regions and regions
with natural boundaries (such as mountains)
– Relieve RF congestion in areas with large numbers of users
• MOTOTRBO provides techniques to cater to the following

– Multiple repeaters with common frequencies
– Multiple repeaters with overlap areas
– Multiple repeaters with overlap areas and common frequencies

Module 3 - 80
Multiple Digital Repeaters with Common Frequency
• Two systems which operate on the same frequency but are physically
separated so that there is no RF interaction between the two sites.

Module 3 - 81
Multiple Digital Repeaters with Overlap Area
• Two systems which overlap in space but operate on two separate

frequencies.

Module 3 - 82
Multiple Digital Repeaters with Overlap & Common Freq.
• Two systems which overlap in space but operate on one separate

frequency.
• MOTOTRBO overcomes this problem by assigning unique ‘Color
Codes’ to each repeater and programming the radios with the
matching Color Codes.
receive : f2

Module 3 - 83
Color Codes in a Digital System
• Color codes are used to distinctly identify separate systems or

channels occupying the same frequency. This will allow both the
repeaters some independence, to a certain extend.
• Users will experience an increase in RF congestion. The increase will
be the sum of transmissions from both repeaters.
receive : f2

Module 3 - 84
Color Codes in a Digital System
• To overcome this, radios must be provisioned the correct channel

‘Admit Criteria’.
• Each admit criteria will have the following implication on the system:
– Channel Free – subscribers from Site 1 will be polite when Site 2 is
transmitting and vice versa. It will also be polite to any other
analog transmission in the same frequency.
– Color Code Free – subscribers will only be polite to their own color
code, and will wake their repeater up even if the other is
transmitting. When there is a large overlap between two sites, this
will cause RF congestion on both ends of the transmission.
– Always – subscribers are never polite to their own color code.
Again, this will result in RF congestion with both sites as well as
overlapping areas.

Module 3 - 85
Color Codes in a Digital System (Cont.)
• In Call Criteria has the following options configurable via the CPS
– Always – while in a call subscribers will initiate transmissions impolitely.
– Follow Admit Criteria – while in a call subscribers will follow the normal
‘Admit Criteria’.
– TX Interrupt – while in a call subscribers will automatically clear the
channel using the ‘Voice Interrupt’ feature prior to initiating a voice
transmission.

Module 3 - 86
Repeater Wake-up Provisioning
• Repeater stops transmitting and enters an inactive state when there

is no inbound traffic for a specific duration.
• Before transmitting, a radio follows this sequence:

– send a wake-up message to the repeater
– this triggers the repeater to activate and transmit idle messages
– the radio synchronizes with the repeater before beginning its
transmission.

Module 3 - 87
Topic 4 – IP Site Connect
Multiple Digital Repeaters
System Capacity
Frequency and Color Code Considerations
Back-End network Considerations
Security Considerations
Flow of Voice/Data/Control Messages
Shared Use of a Channel
Single Site to IP Site Migration

Module 3 - 88
IP Site Connect
Multiple Repeaters
• Multiple digital repeaters are needed to:

– Provide sufficient RF coverage in large geographical regions
– Accommodate regions with natural boundaries (such as mountains)
– Relieve RF congestion in areas with large number of users
• In IP Site Connect mode, multiple digital repeaters provide voice and

data communications between two or more MOTOTRBO single site
systems that are:
– Located at geographically separate locations
– Operating in different frequency bands
– Overlapping in coverage with different frequencies/bands

Module 3 - 89
IP Site Connect
System Capacity
• Maximum of 15 IP Site Connect devices, which include:

– Disabled repeaters
– Enabled repeaters in analog mode
– Enabled repeaters in digital mode
– At most, 5 host PCs of RDAC-IP applications
• Each Wide Area Channel (WAC) supports the same

number of radios as is supported by a channel in a single
site configuration.

Module 3 - 90
IP Site Connect
Frequencies and Color Code Considerations
CC = 4 CC = 4 CC = 4

Module 3 - 91
IP Site Connect
Back-End Network Considerations
• What is a Back-End Network?

– A dedicated network or Internet provided by Internet Service
Provider (ISP), based on the following technologies:
• DSL
• Cable modem
• Broadband wireless access
• Canopy
• ISDN
• Frame Relay
• Dial-up
– Cannot be used due to small bandwidth
• Satellite Internet Access
– Cannot be used due to large delay
Module 3 - 92
IP Site Connect
Back-End Considerations – IPv4 Addresses
• Dynamic IPv4 addresses are allocated by a DHCP server

– Address is automatically updated periodically.
– Every address change of an IP Site Connect device cause
short disruption of service for the device.
– Select the longest lease time possible
– Usage of Link Management requires the Master to act as a
broker of IPv4 addresses.
• Static IPv4 Addresses are configured by the user
– Master must be programmed with a static IPv4 address.
– Configure the Master with a static IPv4 address, gateway’s
IPv4 address and Netmask.

Module 3 - 93
IP Site Connect
Back-End Considerations – Link Management
• The Link Management process enables:

– Automatic detection of new devices in the system
– Automatic reconfiguration within the system
– Automatic detection of a failed device or network failure
– Automatic adaptation of operation when any repeater’s
operation mode is changed.

Module 3 - 94
IP Site Connect
Back-End Considerations – Characteristics
• Characteristics must be understood in order to design a

proper back-end network
• Four main issues dealt within the back-end network:

– Delay/Latency
– Jitter
– Packet Loss
– Bandwidth Considerations

Module 3 - 95
IP Site Connect
Back-End Considerations – Delay/Latency
• Propagation Delay
– Caused by the distance the signal travels via medium.
• Serialization Delay
– Amount of time taken to place a packet onto the back-end
network interface.
• Handling Delay
– Broad category of various delays caused by devices that
forward the packets through the back-end network.

Module 3 - 96
IP Site Connect
• Total Delay
– Summation of all 3 types of discussed delays.
– CPS setting for repeaters and radios.
– Same value should be shared by all radios and repeaters
in a system.
– Options of High (90ms) or Normal (60ms).
– This value is used to derive values for other parameters:
• Arbitration Interval
• Call Hang Time
• Ack Wait

Module 3 - 97
IP Site Connect
• Total Delay (cont.)

– The appropriate setting is determined by measuring
• propagation delay and handling delay
– “ping” repeater pairs
• calculating the serialization delay
– (Number of repeaters -1)*(0.5 + 100/Bandwidth in Kbps)
– A calculated Total Delay of more than 90ms causes

occasional failure in:
• Arbitration
• Hang time
• Data link acknowledgements

Module 3 - 98
IP Site Connect
Back-End Considerations – Jitter
• Jitter is a variation of packet inter-arrival time.
• Delays could have occurred throughout the back-end

network.
• Use a Jitter Buffer of 60 ms to overcome jitter.
• A jitter of more than 60 ms degrades audio quality.

Module 3 - 99
IP Site Connect
Back-End Considerations – Packet Loss
• Packet loss is common and expected in IP-based
systems.
• When handling voice communication packet loss, the IP

Site Connect system:
– Replays a special packet.
– Ends the call if 6 consecutive packets have a jitter of 60ms.
• When handling data communication packet loss, the IP

Site Connect system:
– Replays the last received packet.
– Ends the call once the repeater receives the expected
number of packets as indicated in the data header.
Module 3 - 100
IP Site Connect
Back-End Considerations – Bandwidth
• Bandwidth, or bit rate, is the amount of data transferred

to and from a network device.
• Measured in bits per second (bps).
• Quality of service is reduced if bandwidth requirements

are not met.
• Always ensure that the promised bandwidth is available

once the system is installed and throughout operation.

Module 3 - 101
IP Site Connect
Back-End Considerations – Required Bandwidth Calculations
• Factors to consider when calculating bandwidth

requirements of a system:
– Number of devices
– Types of devices

Module 3 - 102
IP Site Connect
• Estimating required bandwidth for an IP Site Connect system:

Module 3 - 103
IP Site Connect
• Estimating required bandwidth for an IP Site Connect system with
Secure VPN:

Module 3 - 104
IP Site Connect
Security Considerations
• An IP Site Connect system offers the following security

support:
– Over-the-air privacy mechanisms

• Basic Privacy
• Enhanced Privacy
– Authentication between IP Site Connect devices

• IP Site Connect packet authentication
• Secure VPN routers

Module 3 - 105
IP Site Connect
Security Considerations – Over the Air Privacy
• Basic Privacy and Enhanced Privacy
• All radios and repeaters must be configured to use the

same privacy type.
• Encrypts payload of each packet.
• Does not protect packet headers, control messages, and

system messages.
• Protection is extended over the back-end network.

Module 3 - 106
IP Site Connect
Security Considerations–Authentication Between IP Site Connect Devices
• Packet Authentication
– Each packet has a cryptographic signature created with
Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC).
– Prevents an attacker from impersonating an IP Site
Connect Device to access the system.
– Every IP Site Connect device must contain the same key.
• Secure VPN
– Configure the system with Secure VPN routers to connect
the back-end network.
– Protects against replay attacks.
– Requires extra bandwidth.

Module 3 - 107
IP Site Connect
• The voice/data/control message flow for an IP Site

Connect configuration is the same as that of a Single Site
configuration.
• Some changes that are introduced in an IP Site Connect

configuration are:
– Processing of messages by the repeaters
– Additional delays caused by,
• Serialization
• Propagation
• Arbitration
• Non-alignment of slots between repeaters

Module 3 - 108
IP Site Connect
• Upon receipt of a voice/data/control call over a wide area

slot on a repeater:
– The repeater sends the call to all other enabled digital
repeaters with the corresponding slot operating in wide
area mode.
• Calls can begin concurrently on multiple repeaters and

are repeated through the system due to different
messaging delays.
– This problem is solved using an arbitration window with a
duration of twice the Inter-Repeater Messaging Delay.

Module 3 - 109
IP Site Connect
• Voice/data/control messages are sent burst by burst between

repeaters.
– The repeater has no data link layer processing.
– Voice/data messages are encrypted/decrypted by the source and
destination radios.
– For data messages, the destination radio sends Ack/Nack.
– For data messages, Selective ARQ occurs between source and
destination radios, not between radio and repeater.
• Hang Time additionally reserves channel for Remote Monitor calls,

Individual and Group data calls, and CSBK calls.
– Hang Time ensures that a call continues with minimum interruptions.

Module 3 - 110
IP Site Connect
• The flow of data messages from a radio to an application

in an IP Site Connect configuration is similar to a Single
Site configuration.
• All Single Site data applications are compatible with the

IP Site Connect configuration.
– Supports GPS Revert channels, where the revert channel
can be a channel on another site in the system.
– GPS data on the GPS Revert channel is sent Unconfirmed
to increase the GPS data throughput .

Module 3 - 111
IP Site Connect
Shared Use of a Channel
• Multiple sites in a system may have overlapping coverage

areas.
• Radios from other systems may also be in the same

coverage area.
• To prevent radio signals from interfering with each other:

– IP Site Connect RX frequency monitoring scheme.
– Use of an external RX receiver.

Module 3 - 112
IP Site Connect
Shared Use of a Channel–Using Rx Frequency Monitoring Scheme
• Configure a repeater to constantly check its RX frequency

and only transmit if the RSSI for transmissions from other
radio systems is less than a configurable threshold.
• This setup is useful for situations where there is an area

of overlap between two or more radio systems.
• This ensures that the system does not use a channel

while another system in the vicinity is currently using it.

Module 3 - 113
IP Site Connect
Shared Use of a Channel – Using an External Rx Receiver

Module 3 - 114
IP Site Connect
Single Site to IP Site Migration
• Radios
– Recommended to upgrade software
– No upgrade necessary for hardware
• Repeaters
– Must upgrade software and reconfigure settings
• Data Applications
– Data applications developed for Single Site and IP Site Connect
configuration should be compatible with Capacity Plus, however some
changes to the Server IP configurations are required. Also, R1.5
includes a feature called "Reduction in Registration Data Messages"
and the use of this feature will require application changes.

Module 3 - 115
Topic 5 – Capacity Plus
Single Site to Capacity Plus Migration
System Capacity
Behavior in Presence of Failures
Limiting Interference to Other Systems
Plan for Talkaround Mode
Improving Battery Life

Module 3 - 116
Capacity Plus
Single Site to Capacity Plus Migration
• Radios
• Repeaters
• Data Applications
– All data applications from single site configuration are fully
compatible with the IP Site Connect configuration

Module 3 - 117
Capacity Plus
System Capacity
• MOTOTRBO in Capacity Plus supports a maximum of 20

back-end network devices
• Back-end network devices include no more than
– 6 Trunked Repeaters
– 12 Data Revert Repeaters
– 2 RDAC or similar applications

Module 3 - 118
Capacity Plus
• Capacity Plus is a single-site trunking system, therefore
– Frequencies: Different for every repeater
– Color Code: Can be either the same or different
• Radios require preprogrammed lists of all Trunked and Data Revert
channels
– Reprogram all radios when a frequency is added, or
– Program radios with known frequencies to be added in the near future
• This may slow down radio operations marginally when the radio is
powered on or comes out of fade
– No reprogramming is needed when a repeater is removed from service
for upgrade or repair
• It is not necessary to power down the entire system when removing or

adding repeaters in the Capacity Plus system

Module 3 - 119
Capacity Plus
• Capacity Plus requires a back-end network if it has more than ONE

repeater
– Local Area Network
– Use an Ethernet switch
• Simplest and most common configuration
• Connects all repeaters
• Connects to a Router when using remote RDAC
– Communication in IPv4/UDP
• Capacity Plus provides its own acknowledgement and retry
mechanisms for critical activities
• Systems with more than one repeater require one Master repeater per
system.

Module 3 - 120
Capacity Plus
Back-End Network Considerations – IPv4 Addresses
• Dynamic IPv4 addresses are allocated by a DHCP server

– Address is automatically updated periodically.
– Every address change of an Capacity Plus device causes short
disruption of service for the device.
– Select the longest lease time possible
– Usage of Link Management requires the Master to act as a broker of
IPv4 addresses.
• Static IPv4 Addresses are configured by the user

– Master must be programmed with a static IPv4 address.
– The Master’s IPv4/UDP address is configured into all the Capacity Plus
devices.

Module 3 - 121
Capacity Plus
Back-End Network Considerations – Link Management
• Link Management in Capacity Plus is the same as Link

Management in IP Site Connect.
• The Link Management process enables:

– Automatic detection of new devices in the system
– Automatic reconfiguration within the system
– Automatic detection of a failed device or network failure
– Automatic adaptation of operation when any repeater’s
operation mode is changed.

Module 3 - 122
Capacity Plus
Behavior in Presence of Failures
• Capacity Plus is tolerant to failures

– No centralized controller
– Detects most failures, reconfigures itself, and continues to
provide services although with decreased capacity
• Role of the repeater
– Detects failures of other repeaters or the back-end network
– Disqualifies a failed repeater to be Rest Channel repeater
– Supports two-channel Capacity Plus system in the event of
back-end network failure

Module 3 - 123
Capacity Plus
Limiting Interference to Other Systems
• Radios receive periodic system status transmissions from the Rest

Channel repeater to enable them to detect when
– Rest Channel Repeater cannot transmit
• Due to interference
• Due to failure
– Radio is out of coverage area
• Selecting more frequent system status transmissions

– Enables radios to detect failures faster, thus reducing downtime
caused by interference from other systems
– However, this also monopolizes the use of the channel and makes
channel sharing difficult for other systems

Module 3 - 124
Capacity Plus
Plan for Talkaround Mode
• MOTOTRBO does not support Talkaround mode when

operating in Capacity Plus
• Recommended one common channel programmed in
Talkaround mode
• Useful in the event of Capacity Plus system failure or if
the radio leaves the coverage area

Module 3 - 125
Capacity Plus
Improving Battery Life
• To improve the battery life of a portable radio

– Switch the Radio Power to Low Power
• Return to High Power if the Talk Permit Tone is not heard for
multiple PTT attempts although the signal strength bar is still
visible.
– Turn off the radio when calls are not expected

– Turn off the radio when the radio is out of coverage

Module 3 - 126
Topic 6– Digital Telephone Patch System Design Considerations
Overview
Phone Channel Configuration
APP Box Configuration
Phone System Configuration
DTP - Single Site Repeater Configuration
DTP - IP Site Connect Configuration
DTP - Capacity Plus Configuration
Access/De-access Code Configuration
Other Configuration

Module 3 - 127
Digital Telephone Patch (DTP) System Design Considerations
Overview
• DTP enables MOTOTRBO digital system users to place and receive
telephone calls which are routed via a gateway between a landline telephone
network and MOTOTRBO radio system.
• The gateway between the landline telephone network and MOTOTRBO radio
system comprises a Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) Analog Phone Patch
(APP) box connected to a MOTOTRBO repeater known as a phone gateway
repeater.
• DTP is supported by the following system configurations: Conventional
Single Site Repeater, IP Site Connect (LACs & WACs) and Capacity Plus.
• The interface between the APP box and phone gateway repeater comprises
an analogue 4-wire interface:
o TX Audio – Input impedance (AC) of 560 ohms, Single-ended
o RX Audio – Single-ended
o PTT – 5 v level GPIO
o COR – 5 v level GPIO
o Ground
• The phone gateway repeater can be configured to host phone calls on both
its channels, however since it has just one 4-wire interface then it can only
host a phone call on one channel at a time.
Module 3 - 128
Phone Channel Configuration
• Single Site
o Both repeater channels can be used as phone channels.
o The radio/phone user specifies which channel to use when initiating the
call.
• IP Site Connect
o Each logical channel can only use one APP box.
o The APP box can be connected to any repeater that is part of the logical
channel.
o One APP box may support up to 2 logical channels on the same repeater,
but 1 at a time.
o The radio/phone user specifies which channel to use when initiating the
call.
• Capacity Plus
o Both channels of the repeater can be used as phone channels.
o The phone user calls the phone number of the APP box/PBX.
o The trunked system automatically selects an available phone channel for
the call.
Module 3 - 129
APP Box Configuration
• Depending on customer needs and the type of APP boxes supported,
the following services can be configured:
o Access/De-access Codes (max. 10-chars) – The access code is
made up of an access command (*) and a multi-digit access
prefix. The de-access code consists of a normal release
command (#) and a multi-digit release code.
o Phone Usage Timeout Timer – This defines the maximum
duration of a phone call. Configure this according to the
customer’s phone usage.
o Mobile Inactive Timer – The APP box automatically ends the call if
the radio is idle for a period longer than the timer.
o Go Ahead Tone – The phone user hears this when the radio user
de-keys.
o Busy Tone Disconnect – The phone call ends once a PSTN busy
tone is detected.

Module 3 - 130
Phone System Configuration
• Radios and repeaters have different roles in a phone call, hence the
configurations are different.
• For a phone gateway repeater, there is only 1 phone system that
needs to be created and configured.
• For a radio, multiple phone systems can be created and configured.
o Single Site Repeater and IPSC LAC – If a phone system is
connected to the selected channel, the radio can initiate/receive
phone calls otherwise the phone capability is disabled.
o IPSC WAC – If a phone system is connected to the selected
channel (i.e. not the channel to which a radio roams), the radio
can initiate/receive phone calls from any site on the WAC
otherwise phone capability is disabled.
o Capacity Plus – If a phone system is connected to any channel in
the channel list for the selected digital personality, the radio can
initiate/receive phone calls on that channel otherwise phone
capability is disabled. For Capacity Plus, the radio ID value of the
phone gateway repeater must not exceed 65535 (0xFFFF).
Module 3 - 131
DTP - Single Site Configuration
TELCO POT AI
APP
(Phone Gateway)
• The diagram above shows the APP box connected to the PSTN via
a plain old telephone (POT) line, alternatively it may be connected
to a company’s PBX.
• Actual communication with the PSTN (or PBX) is implemented by
the APP box’s feature set.
• Both repeater channels can be used as phone channels.

Module 3 - 132
MOTOTRBO
Repeater 1
(Phone Gateway) 2
TELCO
APP
• The diagram above shows the case where both WACs share the same APP
box at Site A.
• The “Phone Gateway” parameter must be enabled for both repeater slots at
site A, and disabled for both repeater slots at site B.
• Since only one APP box is used, then only one phone call (either WAC1 or
WAC2) can be supported at any given time.

Module 3 - 133
MOTOTRBO MOTOTRBO
Repeater 1 Repeater 2
(Phone Gateway) (Phone Gateway)
TELCO APP 1 APP 2 TELCO
• The diagram above shows the case where the APP box at site A supports phone calls on WAC1 and the
APP box at site B supports phone calls on WAC2.
• Since there is one APP box per WAC, then the system can support two concurrent phone calls.
• The “Phone Gateway” parameter must be enabled for repeater WAC1 at site A and repeater WAC2 at
site B.
• The “Phone Gateway” parameter must be disabled for repeater WAC2 at site A and repeater WAC1 only
at site B.
Module 3 - 134
MOTOTRBO MOTOTRBO
Repeater 1 Repeater 2
(Phone Gateway) (Phone Gateway)
TELCO APP APP TELCO
• The diagram above shows a system that supports phone calls on both LACs and both WACs.
• The APP box at site A supports phone calls on WAC1 and LAC2 (but not concurrently) and the APP box at
site B supports phone calls on LAC3.
• The “Phone Gateway” parameter must be enabled for both repeater slots at site A and LAC3 at site B.
• The “Phone Gateway” parameter must be disabled for repeater WAC1 at site B.

Module 3 - 135
Slot 1
IP
slot2
Slot 1
IP
Slot2
ETSI-DMR
Slot 1/phone ch1 IP
4W
POT Radio 1 Radio 2 Radio 3
Slot2/phone ch2
TELCO POT Phone Gateway

Analog Phone Patch MOTOTRBO
Radios
PBX
Slot 1/phone ch3 IP
PSTN POT 4W
Slot2//phone ch4
Phone Gateway
Analog Phone Patch MOTOTRBO
LAN
Repeaters

Module 3 - 136
• DTP is supported for Capacity Plus trunked voice

channels, but not Capacity Plus data revert channels.
• Each trunked voice repeater may be connected to on APP
box via its 4-wire interface whereupon it becomes a
phone gateway for the system.
• Since a Capacity Plus system may support up to 6
trunked voice repeaters, then a Capacity Plus system may
support up to 6 phone gateways and hence 6 concurrent
phone calls.
• Where a Capacity Plus trunked voice repeater is
connected to an APP box, both the repeater’s slots can
support phone calls via that APP box, but not
concurrently.
Module 3 - 137
• When a radio user initiates a phone call he does not

select which phone channel because Capacity Plus is a
trunked system.
– Instead, the system selects an available phone channel
automatically for the call (which may not be the current
Rest Channel).
• When a phone user initiates a call, he calls the phone

number of the APP box or PBX, but (unlike for Single Site
and IPSC) he does not specify which repeater slot to use.
– Instead, the system selects an available repeater slot
(which may not correspond to the current Rest Channel).

Module 3 - 138
Access/De-access Code Configuration
• Access/de-access codes may be optionally required to
initiate/end phone calls.
• They are configured and supported in pairs in the APP box.
• Administrator codes may be used. These codes have the
highest priority. The administrator de-access code can end a
phone call, regardless which access code was used to start
the call.
• A de-access code must be configured in a phone gateway
repeater. It is needed to end a call during an Emergency Alarm.
• If required, the codes can be programmed into a radio to be
sent out automatically or via pushing a button.
• Alternatively, the system can be programmed for the radio
user to enter and send out the codes manually when needed.

Module 3 - 139
Access/De-Access Code Configuration
• Single Site Repeater and IP Site Connect
o The radio user selects the channel on which to make the
phone call.
o The radio user must know on which channel and APP box
the phone call occurs, hence which code to use.
o Multiple pairs of codes can be used and the codes may
differ with the APP boxes in the system.
• Capacity Plus
o The system selects the phone channel automatically.
o The radio user does not know the channel details when
entering the codes.
o Multiple pairs of codes can be used, but they must be the
same in all APP boxes if they have to be manually entered
by the radio user.

Module 3 - 140
Other Configuration
• Manual Dial with Keypad
o To prevent misuse of phone services in the system, this
option can be enabled or disabled via CPS on a radio-wide
basis.
• PBX Routing in Capacity Plus
o When a repeater is disabled, the administrator should
ensure that the PBX does not route incoming phone calls
from the PSTN to the disabled repeater.
o If the system has 2 or more APP boxes, connect the APP
boxes to the repeaters with lowest rest channel priority.
o Configure the PBX to route incoming phone calls first to
the APP boxes that are connected to the repeaters with
lower priority rest channels.
o This balances voice traffic on all channels.

Module 3 - 141
Topic 7 – Transmit Interrupt System Design Considerations
Overview
Interruptible Radios
Transmit Interrupt Feature Suite

Module 3 - 142
Overview
• Transmit (TX) Interrupt is a suite of 4 features capable of de-keying a radio
transmitting interruptible voice.
• Access to these 4 features should be limited to well-trained or supervisor

radio users.
• The TX Interruptible Frequencies option should be enabled on a digital

channel if there are radios on that channel which transmit interruptible voice
in direct mode (i.e. on a direct mode channel or in talkaround mode on a
repeater channel).
 The purpose of this option is to force the radio to increase the channel sample
time when deciding whether or not the channel is idle. This is necessary
because transmit interruptible direct mode transmissions contain regular gaps
which may occur at the point when a radio is sampling the channel to see if it is
idle.

Module 3 - 143
Interruptible Radios
• Transmit Interrupt operations can only de-key radios which are
programmed as interruptible radios.
• This feature is programmable per channel in the radio via the CPS.
• It’s recommended that all non-supervisor radios on a channel be

interruptible (consideration needs to be given to determine if supervisor
radios should also be interruptible).

Module 3 - 144
Transmit Interrupt Feature Suite – Voice Interrupt
• De-keys an interruptible voice transmission to allow the interrupting radio to
initiate its own voice transmission within the same call.
• The interrupting radio must be partied to the call.
• If two or more radios invoke Voice Interrupt simultaneously, the interrupt

fails due to signaling collision, therefore:
– Minimize the number of radios with Voice Interrupt enabled in a group.
– Avoid using Voice Interrupt unless truly necessary.
– Provide guidelines for acceptable use of Voice Interrupt.
– Train users to allow short periods of time before responding to
transmitting radio users.

Module 3 - 145
Transmit Interrupt Feature Suite – Emergency Voice Interrupt
• De-keys an interruptible voice transmission and clears down the call to
allow the interrupting radio to initiate its own emergency transmission.
• The interrupting radio does not need to be partied to the original call.
• It’s recommended that this feature be enabled on any radio required to

initiate emergency transmissions.

Module 3 - 146
Transmit Interrupt Feature Suite – Data Over Voice Interrupt
• This feature is only available to third-party data applications.
• De-keys an interruptible voice transmission and clears down the call to

allow the interrupting radio to initiate its own critical data transmission.

Module 3 - 147
Transmit Interrupt Feature Suite – Remote Voice Dekey
• De-keys an interruptible voice transmission and clears down the call.
• The interrupting radio does not need to be partied to the original call.
• Can be used for example to remotely terminate a ‘remote monitor’

transmission that the interrupting radio is monitoring.
• It’s recommended that this feature only be enabled on supervisor radios.

Module 3 - 148
Topic 8 – Dynamic Mixed Mode Design Considerations
Overview
Dynamic Mixed Mode Design Rules
Dynamic Mixed Mode System Design Considerations

Module 3 - 149
Overview
• Dynamic Mixed Mode is a Repeater only setting configured via the CPS.
• A repeater can only operate in either Analog or Digital at a given time.
• The repeater dynamically switches between analog and digital modes
based on the current call received.
• Repeater can transmit one analog call at a time, or 2 digital calls at a time
(one on each logical channel)
• Requires one pair of physical channels
• Does not support IP Site Connect configurations, Capacity plus
configurations, FCC Type-I and Type-II monitoring, Transmit Interrupt,
RDAC over IP, Repeater Knockdown or Antenna Relay.

Module 3 - 150
Dynamic Mixed Mode Design Rules
1. Once a call type is qualified as analog or digital, no other call type is re-
qualified until the end of the current call (voice call and hang time expires).
2. Analog console devices are supported when the repeater has not qualified
an over-the-air digital call.
3. Only PL (DPL/TPL) squelch type repeat is supported in the repeater.
4. Only exclusive CWID transmission is supported.

Module 3 - 151
Dynamic Mixed Mode System Design Considerations
1. Configure the TX and RX squelch types as PL (DPL/TPL).
2. Set the Admit Criteria for all radios to be Polite to each other.
3. MOTOTRBO radios can automatically receive both analog and digital calls
by including both analog with PL (DPL/TPL) and digital scan members in
the scan lists. However, the preamble duration needs to be set
appropriately to prevent loss of digital data transmission.
4. Recommended to disable Priority Sampling and Channel Marking.
5. Program legacy analog radios with Busy Channel Lockout.

Module 3 - 152
Summary
We have reached the end of the module.

You have covered the following successfully:
– Select the relevant MOTOTRBO topology based on you customer’s

needs
– Your customer’s required loading capacity will determine how many
channels are needed in the system

Module 3 - 153

Mototrbo ™ System Training: - System Design: Topologies, Capacity Planning, and Configurations

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Mototrbo ™ System Training: - System Design: Topologies, Capacity Planning, and Configurations

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

MOTOTRBO™ System Training

Module 3 – System Design:

Upon completion of this module, participants will be able to:

• Describe MOTOTRBO system topologies.