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NON LOGAM
ASISTEN ACARA
:
Asri Wiguna P.
Charisma Siallagan
Muhammad Alamshah
Salmon Kasta Mandala P.T.
PRE TEST
10 Menit
1. Metallic Minerals can be understood as the minerals in which metals are present in their original form.
Conversely, non-metallic minerals, are those minerals which do not have metal content in them.
2. Igneous and metamorphic rocks formations contain metallic minerals. On the contrary, non-metallic
minerals can be found in sedimentary rocks and young fold mountains.
3. On the melting of metallic minerals, a new product is obtained, whereas no new product is obtained from
non-metallic minerals when they are melted.
4. Metallic minerals are a good at conducting heat and electricity, such as copper. Unlike, non-metallic
minerals, which insulates heat and electricity, such as mica.
5. Metallic minerals do not break down into pieces when constantly hammered, as well as they have the
ability to be drawn into thin wires. As against this, non-metallic minerals, usually break down into pieces,
on hammering, and they cannot be drawn into wires or sheets.
Perbedaan Kunci Mineral Metalik dan Non-Logam
Perbedaan antara mineral logam dan non-logam dapat digambarkan dengan jelas dengan
alasan sebagai berikut:
1. Mineral Metalik memiliki kandungan logam dalam bentuk aslinya. Sebaliknya, mineral
non-logam, adalah mineral yang tidak memiliki kandungan logam di dalamnya.
2. Mineral logam terdapat pada pembentukan batuan beku dan metamorf. Sebaliknya,
mineral non-logam dapat ditemukan di batuan sedimen dan pegunungan lipatan stadia
muda.
3. Apabila dilelehkan mineral logam dapat membentuk produk baru, sedangkan tidak ada
produk baru yang diperoleh dari mineral non-logam saat dilelehkan.
4. Mineral logam dapat menghantarkan panas dan listrik dengan baik, seperti tembaga.
Sedangkan mineral non-logam seperti mika buruk dalam menghantarkan panas dan
listrik.
5. Mineral metalik tidak hancur berantakan ketika dipalu, dan juga memiliki kemampuan
untuk dapat dibentuk menjadi kawat tipis. Sebaliknya, mineral non-logam biasanya
hancur berantakan saat dipalu, dan tidak dapat dibentuk menjadi kawat tipis.
Bahan Bahan Bahan
Mineral
Galian Non Galian Galian
Non Logam
Logam Industri Golongan C
Mineral bukan logam dikelompokkan menjadi empat golongan, yaitu bahan galian bangunan, bahan
galian mineral industri, bahan galian mineral keramik, dan bahan galian batu permata.
1. Bahan galian bangunan meliputi andesit, granit, diorite, marmer, obsidian, pasir, batu apung, serta
aspal.
2. Bahan galian mineral industri meliputi bentonit, barit, diatome, dolomit, magnesit, fosfat, belerang,
batu gamping, talk, dan zeolite.
3. Bahan galian mineral keramik meliputi pasir kuarsa, bond clay, perlit, pirofilit, trakhit, feldspar dan
kaolin.
4. Bahan galian batu permata meliputi intan atau diamond, opal, kalsedon, rijang, serpentin, jesper, dan
amethyst.
1. Bahan galian bangunan meliputi andesit, granit, marmer, onik, batu apung, pasir dan batu,
batu bara, serta aspal. Andesit banyak ditemukan di Sumatra Barat, Jawa Barat, dan Jawa
Timur. Marmer banyak ditemukan di Sumatra Barat, Lampung, dan Jawa Timur. Batu apung
banyak ditemukan di Kalimantan Barat dan P. Lombok. Pasir banyak ditemukan di Jawa Barat
dan Jawa Tengah.
2. Bahan galian mineral industri meliputi bentonit, barit, diatome, dolomit, magnesit, fosfat,
belerang, batu gamping, talk, dan zeolit. Magnesit banyak ditemukan di Sulawesi Selatan,
Sulawesi Tenggara, Papua, dan P. Flores. Belerang banyak ditemukan Sumatra Utara, Jawa
Barat, Jawa timur, dan Sulawesi Utara. Batu gamping banyak ditemukan di Aceh, Sumatra
Barat, Sumatra Selatan, P. Jawa, P. Sumba dan Sumbawa, P. Timor, dan Papua.
4. Bahan galian batu permata meliputi intan yang banyak ditemukan di Riau, safir di
Kalimantan Timur dan Kalimantan Tengah, giok di Aceh, Jawa Tengah, Sulawesi
Tenggara, dan P. Halmahera, serta granit banyak ditemukan di Sumatra Barat dan
Kalimantan Barat.
Semua mineral mempunyai susunan kimiawi tertentu dan penyusun atom-atom yang beraturan, maka setiap jenis
mineral mempunyai sifat-sifat fisik/kimia tersendiri. (Graha,1987).
1. Kilap (luster)
2. Warna (colour)
3. Kekerasan (hardness)
4. Cerat (streak)
5. Belahan (cleavage)
6. Pecahan (fracture)
7. Bentuk (form)
8. Berat Jenis (specific gravity)
9. Sifat Dalam
10. Kemagnetan
11. Kelistrikan
12. Daya Lebur Mineral
Talc Flourite
Diamond Kaolin
Quartz is the most abundant and widely distributed mineral found at Earth's surface. It is abundant in
QUARTZ igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. It is highly resistant to both mechanical and chemical
weathering.
“Feldspar” is the name of a large group of rock-forming silicate minerals that make up over 50% of
Earth’s crust. Common feldspars include ortoclase (KAlSi3O8), albite (NaAlSi3O8), and anorthite
FELDSPAR
(CaAl2Si2O8).
Generalized Physical Properties of Feldspar Minerals
Chemical Classification Silicate
Usually white, pink, gray or brown. Also colorless, yellow,
Color
orange, red, black, blue, green.
Streak White
Luster Vitreous. Pearly on some cleavage faces.
Diaphaneity Usually translucent to opaque. Rarely transparent.
Perfect in two directions. Cleavage planes usually intersect at or
Cleavage
close to a 90 degree angle.
Mohs Hardness 6 to 6.5
Specific Gravity 2.5 to 2.8
A generalized chemical composition of X(Al,Si)4O8, where X is
Chemical Composition usually potassium, sodium, or calcium, but rarely can be barium,
rubidium, or strontium.
Crystal System Triclinic, monoclinic
BARITE
Physical Properties of Barite
Chemical Classification Sulfate
Color Colorless, white, light blue, light yellow, light red, light green
Streak White
Luster Vitreous to pearly
Diaphaneity Transparent to translucent
Cleavage Very good, basal, prismatic
Mohs Hardness 2.5 to 3.5
Specific Gravity 4.5
Diagnostic Properties High specific gravity, three cleavage directions at right angles
Chemical Composition Barium sulfate, BaSO4
Crystal System Orthorhombic
Uses Drilling mud; high-density filler for paper, rubber, plastics
Gypsum is an evaporite mineral most commonly found in layered sedimentary deposits in association
with halite, anhydrite, sulfur, calcite dan dolomite. Gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) is very similar to Anhydrite
Gypsum
(CaSO4). The chemical difference is that gypsum contains two waters and anhydrite is without water.
Gypsum is the most common sulfate mineral.
Streak White
Luster Clear, colorless, white, gray, yellow, red, brown
Diaphaneity Transparent to translucent
Cleavage Perfect
Mohs Hardness 2
Specific Gravity 2.3
Anhydrite is an anhydrous calcium sulfate with a composition of CaSO4. It is closely related to gypsum,
Anhydrite which has a chemical composition of CaSO4.2H2O. The worldwide abundance of gypsum greatly
exceeds the abundance of anhydrite.
Color Colorless, white, and light shades of brown, red, gray, pink, blue, violet
Streak White
Luster Vitreous to pearly
Diaphaneity Transparent to translucent
Cleavage Perfect cleavage in three directions to form cubic-shaped cleavage fragments
Mohs Hardness 3 to 3.5
Specific Gravity 2.9 to 3
Diagnostic Properties Rhombohedral cleavage, powdered form effervesces weakly in dilute HCl, hardness
10 Menit
Presentasi Praktikum Endapan Mineral, Universitas Diponegoro – Maret 2018
SIFAT FISIK MINERAL NON LOGAM
OUTPUT
TERIMAKASIH