A Seminar on

Green Buildings
By

Jyothi Kumari Ganta

M Tech(Structures)

JNTU, HYDERABAD
 CONTENTS
CHAPTERS
• INTRODUCTION
• ABOUT CII AND IGBC
• REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
• GOALS OF GREEN BUILDINGS
• GREEN BUILDNG MATERIALS
• AFFORDABLE GREEN BUILDINGS
• GREEN DESIGN FEATURES AND BENEFITS
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
 Green Building Means

Green Building is a fairly broad concept, but the core

ideas of green building entail the following
• Environmentally Friendly
• Efficient use of Resources
• Designed for health and wellbeing of the building
occupants
• Green Building movement started in US nearly 20 years
back. It has now caught on various parts of the world wherein
several countries have today formed their own Green Building
Councils and have attempted to formulate their Green Building
Rating Standards.
•Confederation of Indian Industry(CII)
•It works to create and sustain an environment conductive to the growth
of industry in India, partnering industry and government alike through
advisory and consultative processes.
• The Indian Green Building Council (IGBC), part of Confederation of
Indian Industry (CII) was formed in the year 2001.
•The vision of the council is to usher in a green building movement in
India and facilitate India to become one of the global leaders in green
buildings by 2010.
•The council offers a wide array of services which include developing new
green building rating programmers, certification services and green
building training programmers.
 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
According to EPA (environmental pollution
activities)
• Today we are seeing…….
• Melting of glaciers
• Increasing average temperatures
• Hotter summers
• Hotter and wetter winters
• More occurrences of hurricanes and typhoons
• More and longer droughts
• Greater number of floods
• Species movement
• Species extinction rate increasing
• Average Temp Rise 0.7°C. in the last Century
• .........CO2 levels continuing to rise
 REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

• Green building practices aim to reduce the environmental impact of

buildings.
Life cycle /goals of green
building
•Siting and Structure Design
Efficiency

• Energy Efficiency

• Water Efficiency

• Materials Efficiency

•Indoor Environmental Quality

Enhancement

•Operations and Maintenance

Optimization

• Waste and Toxics Reduction.

Siting and Structure Design Efficiency

•Start by selecting a site well suited to take advantage of

mass transit.

•Protect and retain existing landscaping and natural

features.

•Select plants that have low water and pesticide needs, and
generate minimum plant trimmings

•Use compost and mulches.

•This will save water and time. Recycled content paving
materials, furnishings, and mulches help close the recycling
loop..
 Energy Efficiency
• Measures to reduce energy use.

• High-efficiency windows and its placement(daylighting)

• Insulation in walls, ceilings, and floors.

• Passive solar building design.

• Solar water heating

• Onsite generation of renewable energy through

solar power, wind power, hydro power, or biomass
windows and itsplacement
Insulation in walls, ceilings, and
floors.
 MATERIAL EFFICIENCY
• Building materials typically considered to be 'green' include
• renewable plant materials like bamboo (because bamboo grows quickly) and
straw,

• ecology blocks, dimension stone, recycled stone, recycled metal,

•
• compressed earth block, rammed earth, clay, grass, cork,

• conut, wood fibre plates, calcium sand stone,

• concrete (high and ultra high performance, roman self-healing concrete) , etc)

• The EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) also suggests using recycled

industrial goods, such as coal combustion products, foundry sand, and
demolition debris in construction projects Building materials should be
extracted and manufactured locally to the building site to minimize the energy
embedded in their transportation.
•
 Indoor Environmental Quality Enhancement

• The Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) category in LEED

standards, one of the five environmental categories, was created to
provide

• comfort, well-being, and productivity of occupants.

• Indoor Air Quality seeks to reduce volatile organic compounds, or

VOC's, and other air impurities such as microbial contaminants.
Buildings rely on a properly designed HVAC system to provide
adequate ventilation and air filtration as well as isolate operations
(kitchens, dry cleaners, etc.) from other occupancies.

• Personal temperature and airflow control over the HVAC system

coupled with a properly designed building envelope will also aid in
increasing
• a building's thermal quality and the lighting quality of a structure.
 Operations and Maintenance
Optimization
• No matter how sustainable a building may have been in its design
and construction, it can only remain so if it is operated responsibly
and maintained properly
• Ensuring operations and maintenance(O&M) personnel are part of
the project's planning and development process will help retain the
green criteria designed at the onset of the project.
• Every aspect of green building is integrated into the O&M phase of
a building's life. The addition of new green technologies also falls on
the O&M staff.
• Although the goal of waste reduction may be applied during the
design, construction and demolition phases of a building's life-cycle,
it is in the O&M phase that green practices such as recycling and air
quality enhancement take place
 Waste and Toxics Reduction
• Green architecture also seeks to reduce
waste of energy, water and materials used
during construction.
• COMPOST BINS

• GREY WATER TREATMENT (WASTE WATER

TREATMENT

• BIO GAS PLANT

• ARTIFICIAL FERTIIZERS
 Green Building Materials
• Ferrous cement
• Metal
• Copper
• High performance glass
• Wall and roof insulations
• Low voc paints
• Adhesives & sealants
• CRI certified carpets
• High albedo roofing material
• Fly ash bricks
• Eco friendly chemicals
• Waterless urinals
• High cop chillers
• Co2 sensors
• Root zone treatment plants
• Wind towers
 Renewable materials

• Sustainability and environmental

friendliness are two key requirements to
green building materials.
• Many green building materials also offer
energy efficiency benefits.
• Bamboo.
• Cedar
 AFFORDABLE GREEN BUILDINGS

• Green buildings have been associated

with higher costs due to use of latest
green products, materials and
technologies - however the trend is
changing now. There is a clear decline in
the cost over the past 8 years.
 Declining initial incremental cost
over years
Building Year Built up Rating % increase in Pay back(Yrs)
awarded area(Sqft) achieved cost

CII- Godrej GBC, Hyd 2003 20,000 Platinum 18% 7

ITC Green center, 2004 1,70,000 Platinum 15% 6

Guragoan

Wipro, Gurgaon 2005 1,75,000 Platinum 8% 5

Techno polis ,kolkata 2006 7,20,000 Gold 6% 3

Spectral service, 2007 15,000 Platinum 8% 4

noida

HITAM, Hyd 2007 78,000 Silver 2% 3

 GREEN DESIGN FEATURES AND
BENEFITS
• Preservation and reuse of fertile top soil
• Reduced building footprints
• Appropriate Building Orientation
• Day lighting
• Roof gardens to reduce heat – island impact
• Root – zone reatment for waste water
• Careful handling of construction waste
• Use of materials recycled
• Resource reuse
• Use of rapidly renewable material
Preservation and reuse of fertile
top soil
• Reusing of top soil for
and landscaping and
gardening.
• Vegatative that is
cleared during
construction reused
as compost for
landscapes.
Appropriate Building Orientation
Daylighting
• By appropriate
placing of windows or
other openings.
• Reduce energy
consumption
• Artificial lighting
fixtures cost can be
reduced
Roof gardens to reduce heat –
island impact
Roof gardens to reduce heat – island impact

• Reduce overall
temperature which in
turn reduces energy
consumption.
• Absorption of solar
radiation by building
materials will be
reduced.
Careful handling of construction waste
Root – zone reatment for waste
water
Use of materials recycled
• Reduce cost of
extraction,manufactur
e and transport and
disposal
• Reduce soil waste,
pollution, green house
gas emission.
 CONCLUSION
• Green Buildings provide financial benefits that
conventional buildings do not. Financial benefits
• in lower energy,
• waste and water costs,
• lower environmental and emission costs
• and increased productivity and health.
• Today building green is cost effective particularly
for those projects that start green design early in
the process
Case studies
CII-Godrej GBC, Hyderabad
ITC Green center, Gurgaon
 REFERENCES
• D.M Roodman and N. Lenssen, A Building Revolution: How Ecology and
Health Concerns are Transforming Construction, Worldwatch Paper 124,
Worldwatch Institute, Washington, DC, March 1995, p. 5.

• Environmental Building News, Building Green on a Budget, Vol 8, No. 5,

May 1999, www.ebuild.com/Archives/Features/
Low_Cost/Low_Cost.html#General
•
• William Fisk and Arthur Rosenfeld, Potential Nationwide Improvements in
Productivity and Health From Better Indoor Environments, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, May 1998
•
• Gottfried Technology, excerpt from Web site,
www.buildingfutures.com/p3.htm, Feb. 9, 1999