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This document describes methods for isolating plant equipment and piping systems to allow for safe maintenance and inspection. It discusses valve isolation using single or double valves, as well as positive isolation methods like removing spool pieces or installing blinds. Selection criteria for isolation valves include required function, service conditions, fluid properties, maintenance needs, and cost. Locking devices are also recommended to secure critical valves in fixed open or closed positions.
This document describes methods for isolating plant equipment and piping systems to allow for safe maintenance and inspection. It discusses valve isolation using single or double valves, as well as positive isolation methods like removing spool pieces or installing blinds. Selection criteria for isolation valves include required function, service conditions, fluid properties, maintenance needs, and cost. Locking devices are also recommended to secure critical valves in fixed open or closed positions.
This document describes methods for isolating plant equipment and piping systems to allow for safe maintenance and inspection. It discusses valve isolation using single or double valves, as well as positive isolation methods like removing spool pieces or installing blinds. Selection criteria for isolation valves include required function, service conditions, fluid properties, maintenance needs, and cost. Locking devices are also recommended to secure critical valves in fixed open or closed positions.
operation, and provide access for maintenance or inspection.
To outline facilities required for
system/equipment draining, flushing, blanketing and venting. Valve Isolation
Valve isolation is the standard way of
separating systems. Valves are generally used to provide temporary isolation prior to positive isolation being achieved. There are two typical arrangements used for valve isolation: single valve isolation and double valve isolation. Single Valve Isolation (SVI) is achieved when a valve is used to isolate the equipment from a pressure source (see figure 4.1).
Double Valve Isolation is the arrangement of
two valves in series for the purpose of isolating two separate pressure systems from each other or for the purpose of isolating a pressure system from equipment (figure 4-2). Valve Isolation with Bleed Systems: Isolation by valves to perform maintenance or inspection work shall follow valve integrity checks to determine that the valves will not allow gas or fluid to pass. The selection of isolation valves shall be specified in each pipe class specification. The valve selection shall be based on operational requirements and economic considerations. The following information shall be taken into account for selection: Required function Service conditions - (pressure, temperature, erosive / corrosive / toxic service) Fluid type and condition - (liquid, gas, multi-phase, slurry, fouling or non-fouling) Fluid characteristics - (viscous, solidifying fluid, scaling service) Frequency of operation Isolation requirements - (intervention on live service to degree of leak tightness) Maintenance requirements (location and available facilities to maintain) Environmental considerations (sensitivity to marine environment, control of emissions) Past experience in comparable conditions Weight and size (any constraints) Cost ( whole life cycle costs should be considered) Positive Isolation
Positive isolation is achieved when there
is a guaranteed physical separation between two systems. This type of isolation is required in the following circumstances: To isolate major items of equipment or a section of plant, that is segregated for long term inspection or maintenance without requiring a complete process shutdown. To permit isolation of vessels and tanks in preparation for man entry. To prevent contamination, during normal operation, of utility supplies, e.g. water and air, where these are permanently connected to a process unit. To isolate utility services; e.g. fuel gas, atomizing, snuffing or purging steam to individual fired heaters. When no leakage can be tolerated for safety or contamination reasons. Positive isolation SHALL be achieved by one of the following methods and SHALL be fully rated to the piping specification: Removal of a flanged spool piece or valve and the fitting of blank flanges to the open ended pipes. Rotating a spectacle blind. A spade (blind/blank) in accordance with ASME B16.48. The arrangements of spading points, together with venting, draining, and purging facilities, shall enable a section of line containing a spade (blind) to be checked as free from pressure before spade insertion or removal. Locked Valve
All isolation valves shall be provided
with the ability to secure the valves in position with proprietary bolt locking device (ability to apply a locking device). Secured valves are critical on systems where for safety or for operational reasons they are required to operate in fixed open or shut position. Car Sealed Open/Closed (CSO) (CSC) Key locked Open/Closed (LO) (LC) Fail Open/Closed (FO) (FC)