PEL101- COMMUNICATION

SKILLS-I
LECTURE-3
WEEK-2
Topic- TENSES
DESIGNED BY - ANUDEEP
ID-13654
ASSISTED BY- SMRITI
ID- 19492
 What you’ll learn

To understand tenses and its usage.

Write verbs in the present, past, and future
tenses correctly.
Recognize and use present and past
participles.
Write the correct forms of irregular verbs
 TENSES
• Describe the events that you do as a routine

– Elicit answers from students

 Possible Answers
I getup early at 5 a.m.
I brush my teeth.
I take a bath.
I reach the mess.
I take my breakfast.
I groom myself.
I walk to my classroom.
 TENSES
• The highlighted words describe the event or
activity as a habit.
• Habitual actions are repetitive.
• Therefore, they take the base form of the
verb. (simple present)
• Eg: I put suntan lotion when I go out.
USAGE OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
• Habitual action
– I walk ten miles daily.
• Universal truth
– The sun sets in the west.
• Describe events to happen in the near future.
– The school reopens on Monday.
• Facts and General statements
Ice melts when heated
Professional courses require practical skills too.
 USE OF PRESENT TENSE
• There are two main uses of the present tense:

1 To make statements of facts

Eg: (a) Two plus two equals four.
(b) Gold dissolves in mercury.
(c) Annapolis is the capital of Maryland.
(d)White House is the official residence of
the President of America
 USE OF PRESENT TENSE
• 2 To make generalizations.
Eg: (a) The new Chervolet is the best-looking car
on the road.
(b) Fast food restaurants exploit their
employees.
(c) I shop at Lifestyle.
 EXERCISE
• Correct these sentences
1. We learns math at 10:00.
2. I no make mistakes.
3. Does they practice?
4. They no go to Personality Enhancement class on
Wednesday.
5. Does they uses computers on Wednesday?
6. I sings on Wednesday on 1:00.
7. We go to the library on Thursday?
8. You no brings the book home.
 Answers
1. We learn math at 10:00.
2. I don't make mistakes.
3. Do they practice?
4. They don't go to Personality Enhancement class
on Wednesday.
5. Do they use computers on Wednesday?
6. I sing on Wednesday at 1:00.
7. Do we go to the library on Thursday?
8. You don't bring the book home
 PAST TENSE
• Past Tense is used to describe events that
took place in past time.
• It becomes the primary vehicle for all
narration that deals with time- bounded
events.
• Eg: 1 We reported the news to the head.
2 He saw an accident .
 PAST TENSE

PAST

REGULAR IRREGULAR
 PAST TENSE
• Regular verbs: The regular verbs form their
past by adding –ed or –d to the base form.

BASE FORM PAST FORM

pass passed

cough coughed

smile smiled
 PAST TENSE
• Irregular verbs formed the past by using a
different vowel sound in the past form from
the vowel used in the base form.
BASE FORM PAST FORM
dig dug
freeze froze
ring rang
see saw
 PAST TENSE
• Some verbs have a vowel change but add a –t
rather than –ed or –d

BASE FORM PAST FORM

keep kept

think thought
 PAST TENSE EXERCISE
• She (study) English last night.
• She (clean) the classroom yesterday.
• They (play) football in the field yesterday.
• Johan (see) a crocodile in the river yesterday.
• He (not study) English last night.
• They (not clean) class room yesterday.
 ANSWERS
• She studied English last night.
• She cleaned the classroom yesterday.
• They played football in the field yesterday.
• Johan saw a crocodile in the river yesterday.
• He did not study English last night.
• They did not clean class room yesterday.
 FUTURE TENSE
• Future tense states when some future action will
take place.
• The future tense is formed by the present form of
the helping verb will, followed by a verb in its
base form.
Eg: (a) The meeting will be tomorrow at four.
(b) I will see you there later.
(c ) I will go to museum tomorrow.
(will in italics, base verbs in bold)
 EXERCISE
Fill the gaps with simple future:
1) I guess I (ride) _______ _______ the bus to save gas.
2) The cookies are all gone. (buy) _______ you _______
some, please?
3) Listen, team: we (win) _______ _______ the trophy
this year!
4) Everyone is hungry. I (get) _______ _______ some
doughnuts for breakfast.
5) Peter, (fix) _______ you _______ the porch tomorrow?
 THE PROGRESSIVE
The progressive is being used to emphasize that
the action of the verb is in progress ongoing at
a particular moment of time.
 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
 PAST PROGRESSIVE
 FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
The present progressive is formed by the
present tense of the verb be followed by a
verb in the present participle form:

Present progressive = is/am/are + present

participle (v1+ing)
 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
Examples:
(a)I am working on it even as we speak.
(b) We are waiting to hear from the boss.
(c ) It is raining like anything.

We use the present progressive when we want to

emphasize that some action is in progress at the
present moment.
 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
1. Alexander ….. a film. (to watch)
2. We…. a computer game. (to play)
3. The dog…. at the cat. (to bark)
4. Peter…. his rabbits. (to feed)
5. Philipp and Johnny …..a song. (to sing)
6. Mary …..her hair. (to wash)
7. I ……to Doris. (to talk)
8. Peggy ……a picture. (to draw)
9. Henry and his sister …..their mother. (to help)
10. You …….the poem by heart. (to learn)
 ANSWERS
1. Alexander is watching a film.
2. We are playing a computer game.
3. The dog is barking at the cat.
4. Peter is feeding his rabbits.
5. Philipp and Johnny are singing a song.
6. Mary is washing her hair.
7. I am talking to Doris.
8. Peggy is drawing a picture.
9. Henry and his sister are helping their mother.
10. You are learning the poem by heart.
 What is the common confusion in
Present tenses
• The present tense form of verbs does not
really mean present time.
• In fact, most action verbs actually sound
rather odd when used in the present tense.
• Eg:
?I walk now.
?I run now.
 TENSES
If we want to talk about something happening at
the present moment, we do not use the
present tense at all; we use PRESENT
PROGRESSIVE
Eg: I am walking now.
I am running now.
 PAST PROGRESSIVE
• The past progressive is formed by the past
tense of the verb be followed by a verb in the
present participle form:

past progressive = was/were+ present participle

(v1+ing)
 PAST PROGRESSIVE
Examples:
(a) I was working on it when you called.
(b) We were waiting to hear from the boss.

We use the past progressive when we want to

emphasize that some action was in process
at a moment or period of past time.
 PAST PROGRESSIVE
1. She …. hockey. (to play)
2. They …. in the pool. (to swim)
3. It ….. (to rain)
4. We ….to music. (to listen)
5. The mobile….. (to ring)
6. The students….. (to text)
7. Max ….with two girls. (to dance)
8. I …. in front of the shop. (to wait)
9. The cat …. in the basket. (to sleep)
10. He ….Gerry's bike. (to repair)
 PAST PROGRESSIVE
1. She was playing hockey.
2. They were swimming in the pool.
3. It was raining.
4. We were listening to music.
5. The mobile was ringing.
6. The students were texting.
7. Max was dancing with two girls.
8. I was waiting in front of the shop.
9. The cat was sleeping in the basket.
10. He was repairing Gerry's bike.
 FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
• The future progressive is formed by the future
tense of the verb be followed by a verb in the
present participle form:

Future progressive = will be + present participle

(v1+ing)
 FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
Examples:
(a) I will be working on it all next week.
(b) It will be raining by the time we get there.

We use the future progressive when we want

to emphasize that some action will be in
process at some moment or period in the
future.
 FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
1. Peggy ….to the party on Saturday. (to come)
2. We …… him tomorrow. (to meet)
3. This time next week he…. to South Africa. (to fly)
4. At 6 o'clock on Friday they ….. the new song. (to sing)
5. It ….when I reach Bangkok. (to rain/probably)
6. Tomorrow at nine I…. a test. (to write)
7. Andy…. a video when I arrive tonight. (to watch)
8. You ….pizza soon. (to eat)
9. She ….when you telephone her. (to sleep)
10. They…..in Budapest just about now. (to arrive)
 FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
1. Peggy will be coming to the party on Saturday.
2. We will be meeting him tomorrow.
3. This time next week he will be flying to South Africa.
4. At 6 o'clock on Friday they will be singing the new
song.
5. It will probably be raining when I reach Bangkok.
6. Tomorrow at nine I will be writing a test.
7. Andy will be watching a video when I arrive tonight.
8. You will be eating pizza soon.
9. She will be sleeping when you telephone her.
10. They will be arriving in Budapest just about now.