SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE

ELECTRICAL WORKS AR-501

CONSTRUCTION
SAFETY
Things to Consider Before Working on a Construction
Site
1. Risk assessments
‐ The aim of this is to identify all of the potential
electrical hazards and ensure that suitable
control measures are in place to prevent them
from causing harm to workers.

2. Electrical services maps

‐ Your site operator should have obtained up-to-
date maps from the local council that detail
where any potentially hazardous wires, cables or
electrical equipment are located within (or near
to) the construction site.

3. Safe systems of work

‐ Your employer will have set out a safe system of
work (SSoW) which specifies the competence,
skills and knowledge required to do this task.
Common Electrical Safety Hazards on Construction Sit

 Overhead power lines

The Health and Safety

Executive estimates that over
50% of fatal electrical
accidents are caused by
contact with overhead electric
power lines. If you need to
carry out work near overhead
power lines then it’s vital to
take precautions to prevent
Common Electrical Safety Hazards on Construction Sit

 Underground power cables

Underground power cables can

be more hazardous than
overhead ones as they are
hidden from view. Care needs
to be taken when carrying out
digging tasks on all
construction sites,
particularly if working on
streets, pavements or near
Common Electrical Safety Hazards on Construction Sit

 Electrical equipment and/or

machinery

If you are required to use

electrical equipment of any
type then it’s important that
you’re trained and competent
to operate it (this is a
requirement under the
Provision and Use of Work
Equipment Regulations 1998,
 Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)

PPE can be used as a

further precaution
alongside other control
measures (such as the
safe use of equipment
and good working
practices).

Safety glasses or a face Insulating or anti- A helmet with or without a A flash protection kit
shield. Insulating gloves static boots face shield
Electrical Safety Signs on Construction Sites
 1. General electrical requirements
UNDERSTANDING THE (e.g., general purpose receptacles)

PROJECT SCOPE OF *A ground-fault circuit interrupter

(GFCI) is the only protection device
ELECTRICAL WORKS designed to protect people against
electric shock from an electrical
system.
The scope is determined by the
customer’s requirements and the
type of structure it will occupy.

Situational example: If the project

requires new electrical systems for
an existing building, then the
electrical designer works to
incorporate the needed wirings into
the existing system.

Depending on the overall scope, a

design can include the following
components:
 2. Specialized electrical equipment
UNDERSTANDING THE
PROJECT SCOPE OF
ELECTRICAL WORKS
The scope is determined by the
customer’s requirements and the
type of structure it will occupy.

Situational example: If the project Computer/Network serve

requires new electrical systems for
an existing building, then the
electrical designer works to
incorporate the needed wirings into
the existing system.

Depending on the overall scope, a

design can include the following
components: Photocopier machine
 2. Specialized electrical equipment
UNDERSTANDING THE
PROJECT SCOPE OF
ELECTRICAL WORKS
The scope is determined by the
customer’s requirements and the
type of structure it will occupy.

Situational example: If the project Microwave

requires new electrical systems for
an existing building, then the
electrical designer works to
incorporate the needed wirings into
the existing system.

Depending on the overall scope, a

design can include the following
components: Vending
machine

UNDERSTANDING THE
PROJECT SCOPE OF
ELECTRICAL WORKS
The scope is determined by the
customer’s requirements and the
type of structure it will occupy.
Situational example: If the project
requires new electrical systems for
an existing building, then the
electrical designer works to
incorporate the needed wirings into
the existing system.
Depending on the overall scope, a
design can include the following
components:
3. Lighting systems
Lighting is an important area of
opportunity for energy savings, since it
is a large fraction of use of electricity in
residential and commercial buildings.
BASIC LIGHTING TERMINOLOGY
a) Lumen - The light output of a lamp
is measured in a physical quantity
called lumens, abbreviated Lu. Its
value is provided as catalog or
product specs.
b) Input - The lamp input is in terms
of electrical power and has the
units of watts.
c) Lux - Lighting levels – or
illuminances – are measured in Lux
with a light meter.
d) Efficacy - the performance measure
for electric lamps
e) Color Rendering Index (CRI) -
Another property of lamps that is
related to how we see different
colors under its light.
 3. Lighting systems
UNDERSTANDING THE
PROJECT SCOPE OF
ELECTRICAL WORKS
The scope is determined by the
customer’s requirements and the
type of structure it will occupy.

Situational example: If the project

requires new electrical systems for
an existing building, then the
electrical designer works to
incorporate the needed wirings into
the existing system.

Depending on the overall scope, a

design can include the following
components:
UNDERSTANDING THE
PROJECT SCOPE OF 4. Electrical Distribution Systems
ELECTRICAL WORKS
BASIC ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING SCOPE OF
SERVICES
4.2.1 "Conceptual" or "Schematic" Design
Stage
4.2.2 Design Development Stage
4.2.3 Contract Document Stage
4.2.3.2 Electrical Calculations
4.2.3.3 Electrical Drawings
4.2.4 Tendering Stage
Tender – to invite bids for a project, or
to accept a formal offer such as a takeover bid
that is usually submitted within a finite
deadline.
It is the process of making an offer, bid
or proposal, or expressing interest in response
to an invitation or request for tender.
4.2.5 Construction Stage
DETERMINING
APPLICABLE
STANDARDS

National Electrical Code (NEC)

 commonly referred to as ‘The Code’
 published by National Fire Protection
(NFPA)
 revised every three years and results in
publication of a new edition
DETERMINING
APPLICABLE
STANDARDS

National Electrical
Manufacturers Association
(NEMA)
 includes standards for motor lead
identification, transformer terminal markings,
plug and receptacle devices, and
amperage ratings
DETERMINING
APPLICABLE
STANDARDS

Electrical Apparatus and Service

Association (EASA)
 provides current and updated information for
motors and controls. Designs that include
lighting systems must conform to national or
state-mandated energy-saving requirements.
DETERMINING
APPLICABLE
STANDARDS

National Electrical Safety Code

(NESC)
 is a United States standard of the safe installation,
operation, and maintenance of electric power and
communication utility systems including power
substations, power and communication overhead lines,
and power and communication underground lines.
 published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics
DETERMINING
APPLICABLE
STANDARDS

RA 7920
 This Act shall be known as the "New Electrical
Engineering Law"
 AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A MORE RESPONSIVE AND
COMPREHENSIVE REGULATION FOR THE PRACTICE,
LICENSING, AND REGISTRATION OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERS AND ELECTRICIANS
 OPERATING
PROCEDURES
1. THE PHILIPPINE GRID CODE (PGC)
establishes and documents the basic
rules, requirements, procedures and standards
that govern the operation, maintenance and
development of the high voltage backbone
transmission system of the Philippines.

• CHAPTER 3: PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

FOR TRANSMISSION
• CHAPTER 9: GRID REVENUE METERING
(GRM)
OPERATING
PROCEDURES
THE PHILIPPINE GRID
CODE (PGC)

• CHAPTER 3:
PERFORMANCE 3.1. PURPOSE
STANDARDS FOR (a) To ensure the quality of electric power in the
TRANSMISSION Grid;
(b) To ensure that the Grid will be operated in a safe
and efficient manner and with a high degree of
reliability; and
(c) To specify safety standards for the protection of
personnel in the work environment.
OPERATING
PROCEDURES
THE PHILIPPINE GRID ADOPTION OF PEC AND OSHS
CODE (PGC) • The Transmission Network Provider and the System Operator shall
develop, operate, and maintain the Grid in a safe manner and
shall always ensure a safe work environment for their
• CHAPTER 3: employees. In this regard, the ERC adopts the Philippine Electrical
PERFORMANCE Code (PEC) Part 1 and Part 2 set by the Professional Regulations
Commission and the Occupational Safety and Health Standards
STANDARDS FOR (OSHS) set by the Bureau of Working Conditions of the Department
TRANSMISSION of Labor and Employment.
• The Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) Parts 1 and 2 govern the
safety requirements for electrical installation, operation, and
maintenance. Compliance with these Codes is mandatory.
• The OSHS aims to protect every workingman against the dangers of
injury, sickness, or death through safe and healthful working
conditions.
OPERATING
PROCEDURES
THE PHILIPPINE GRID
CODE (PGC) ADOPTION OF PEC AND OSHS
PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE
used nationally as the basis for safeguarding persons,
• CHAPTER 3: buildings and its contents from hazards that may arise from the use of
PERFORMANCE electricity.
This code contains provisions which is considered necessary
STANDARDS FOR for safety and thus is used as basis for the legal enforcement agency
TRANSMISSION in the government regarding electrical installation

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

to protect every working man against the dangers of injury,
sickness or death through safe and healthful working conditions.
shall apply to all places of employment except land, sea and air
transportation and safety in Mines.
OPERATING
PROCEDURES
THE PHILIPPINE GRID
CODE (PGC) OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF
METERING FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT
• CHAPTER 9: GRID The Metering Equipment at the Connection Point shall be
REVENUE operated and maintained in accordance with this Chapter to
METERING (GRM) ensure the integrity and accuracy of metered quantities. The
regular maintenance activities shall include as a minimum:

(a) Periodic calibration and accuracy test of instrument

transformers;
(b) Periodic check of the meter clock for deviations against
the Philippine Standard Time; and
(c) Other maintenance activities as determined by MSP
 ELECTRICAL
MATERIALS
Electrical Materials are basically the
parts or elements used in the making of
any electrical construction project. This
can vary from a small house circuit to as
big as a large industrial plant.
 MATERIALS
ELECTRICAL
1. Convenience Outlet
2. Male Plug
3. Lamp Holders
4. Switch
5. Fuse
6. Circuit Breaker
7. Junction Box
8. Utility Box
9. Flat Cord
10. Electrical Wire /Conductor
11. Conduits/Pipes
12. Clamps
13. Connectors
ELECTRICAL
MATERIALS 2. MALE PLUG
1. CONVENIENCE OUTLET

A device that acts as a A device inserted to a

convenient source of electrical
energy for current consuming
appliances. It is where the
male plug of an appliance is
inserted and is usually
fastened on the wall or
connected in an extension
cord. It may be single, duplex,
triplex and could be source
type or flush type.
convenience outlet to conduct
electric current. A flat cord is
attached to it on one end and
the other end is connected to a
current- consuming
instrument or appliance.
ELECTRICAL
MATERIALS
3. LAMP HOLDERS
A device that hold and
protect the lamp and are
also called Lamp
Sockets/receptacles. These
come in many designs and
sizes. They are classified as
flush, hanging (weather
proof/chain), and surface
types.
4. SWITCH
A device that connects and
disconnects the flow of
electric current in a circuit.
There are many shapes,
designs, and types ad they
are classified as hanging,
flush and surface types.
ELECTRICAL
MATERIALS 6. CIRCUIT BREAKER
5. FUSE

A circuit protective device

that automatically blows
and cuts the current when
overload or short circuit
happens.
A protective device used to
automatically blow and cut
the current when trouble in
the circuit such as short
circuit or overload occurs.
ELECTRICAL
MATERIALS 8. UTILITY BOX
7. JUNCTION BOX

An octagonal shaped electrical

material where the A rectangular shaped
connections or joints of wires
plastic or metallic (PVC)
are being done. It is also where
the flush type lamp holder is
material in which flush
attached. This could be made type convenience outlet and
of plastic or metal (PVC) switch are attached.
Polyvinylchlorode.
ELECTRICAL
MATERIALS
9. FLAT CORD
A duplex stranded wire
used for temporary wiring
installation and commonly
used in extension cord
assembly. It comes in a roll
of 150 meters and sizes of
gauge # 18 and gauge #16
awg ( AmericanWire
10. ELECTRICAL WIRE/
CONDUCTOR STRANDED WIRE
A device that hold and which is
made of multiple strands
joined together to make a
single wire. It is made of a
single strand of copper or
aluminum wire. These are
used in wiring installation
inside the buildings.
ELECTRICAL
MATERIALS 12. CLAMPS
11. CONDUITS/PIPES

An electrical materials used

as the passage of wires for
protection and It is an electrical material
insulation.These could be used to hold and anchor
rigid metallic, flexible electrical conduits to their
metallic conduit (FMC), rigid proper position.
nonmetallic (PVC), and
flexible non- metallic or
corrugated plastic conduit
ELECTRICAL
MATERIALS

13. CONNECTORS
It is used to attached
metallic or non-metallic
conduit to the junction or
utility boxes.