Health – a range of states with Social, Physical,

Intellectual, Emotional, Spiritual, and

sometimes Vocational components. At a
minimum, health means freedom from physical
disease, poor physical condition, social
maladjustment, and other negative states. At a
maximum, health means “wellness”.
 DEFINITIONS OF HEALTH
Wellness – is a state of high-level health. One can achieve this by balancing
their focus amongst the various dimensions of health.

Holistic Health – is an understanding that all the aspects of wellness are interrelated.
Lifestyle choices can impact my health physically, mentally,
emotionally, socially and spiritually. Examples are what to eat, and when
to exercise.

Life Management Skills – They are the skills that help a person to realize her
or his potential to be well and enjoy life.

Lifestyle Diseases – are diseases that most likely occur neglect due to neglect of one’s
body. The cannot be passed from person to person. Examples are heart disease,
cancer, and diabetes.
Illness-Wellness Health Continuum
 HEALTH TRIANGLE

SOCIAL
PHYSICAL

MENTAL/EMOTIONAL
 SOCIAL
SPIES-V
WHEEL
VOCATIONAL PHYSICAL

SPIRITUAL
INTELLECTUAL

EMOTIONAL
 7 Dimensions of Health
Physical Health: Focuses on the Body: how well it functions and
how well you care for it.

Intellectual Health: Taking on new intellectual challenges and an

openness to new ideas, skills, etc…

Psychological Health: Encompasses mental, emotional and some

spiritual aspects of health.

Social Health: The quality of ones interactions and relationships

with others.

Spiritual Health: Focuses on our beliefs and values we each hold

that lend meaning to life.

Environmental Health: The quality of our home, work, school, and

social environments-as well as the health of our planet.

Occupational Health: The quality of your relationship to your work.

Physical Health
Sleeps enough to function well
Enjoys food and uses it to meet nutritional needs
Maintains appropriate weight
Works to achieve and maintain physical fitness, enjoys outdoor play
Does not abuse any drugs, including alcohol and tobacco
Is aware that infectious (especially sexually transmitted infections,
including HIV) are a real possibility and takes measures to
prevent them
Knows what his or her disease risks are and takes whatever measures
can help prevent them.
Use health care system wisely
 INTELLECTUAL HEALTH
Ultimately Intellectual Wellness means being “free intellectually”.
The list below will explain in more detail what Intellectual Wellness is:

• Keeping an active mind through mental activity stimulation.

• A demonstrated commitment to lifelong learning.

•Lifelong Learning.

•Lifelong learning through formal education and informal life experiences.

•Openness to new ideas.

•Continuous openness to new ideas.

•Maintaining a sense of creativity and curiosity.

•Being motivated to master new skills and seeking out new challenges.

•Challenging the mind with intellectual and creative pursuits.

•Not being self-satisfied and unproductive.

 Psychological Health
(Emotional, Mental, and Spiritual Health)

Maintains a strong sense of self

Is willing to accept new ideas and try new behaviors
Handles setbacks without loss of self-esteem
Is aware of emotions, and manages and expresses them appropriately
Recognizes emotional problems in self or others, and seeks help when
needed
Feels that life has meaning
Lives by cherished values
Manages stress with skill and employment, not letting it become
overwhelming
Social Health
Develops supportive friendships
Effectively resolves conflicts
Socializes well with others without the influence
of alcohol or other drugs
Develops and maintains psychological intimacy with others
Can form a successful long term partnership
Understands and accepts his or her sexuality
Continues growing, learning and facing new challenges
throughout life
 Spiritual Health

A person’s values or beliefs may stem from

religion, friends, or family. Regardless of where
a person’s values/beliefs come from and how they
are expressed, health and the values that shape it
contribute to a sense of place and purposed in life,
and can be a source of support when we face
challenges.
 Environmental Health
Environmental health describes the quality of our
home, work, school, and social environments.

Air quality, pollution, clean water, crime rates, food,

weather, exposure to harmful chemicals, social
groups, family life, etc.. are just some examples of
factors impacted by environmental
Health.
 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
What is Occupational Wellness?

• In a nutshell, Occupational wellness can be nurtured by

matching your core values with interests, hobbies,
employment and volunteer work. As you uncover your
talents and passion, you express yourself to the world.

• For example, a blogger seeks to improve his/her

vocational wellness by posting blog articles on issues
and topics that align with his interests and values.
 Heredity

Total Available
Environment Health Healthcare

Decisions
 1890’s Present
Flu Heart Disease
Pneumonia
Tuberculosis Cancer
Digestive Diseases Stroke
Bronchitis Chronic Lung Disease
Scarlet Fever Accidents
Stroke
Pneumonia/Flu
Kidney Disease
Suicide
Diabetes
HIV Infection
Liver Disease
# 1 – Trauma / Accidents
Drinking and driving

# 2 – Assaults/homicide
# 3 – Suicide
# 4 - Cancer

# 5 – Heart Disease
1) Physical inactivity 2) Overweight & Obesity

3) Tobacco Use 4) Substance Abuse

5) Responsible Sexual 6) Mental Health

Behavior
7) Injury and Violence 8) Environmental Quality

9)Immunization 10) Access to Health Care

Physiological age: age as estimated from the body’s health and
probable life expectancy.

Chronological age: age as measured in years from date of birth.

Six Factors That Make A Difference in Physiological Health

Sleeping regularly and adequately
Eating regular meals, including breakfast
Engaging in regular physical activity
Not smoking
Not using alcohol, or using it in moderation
Keeping weight under control
Basic Behavior Change Strategies
Modeling: Modeling or learning behaviors by watching others.
Shaping: Breaking a big task up into a series of smaller steps.

Reinforcement: Establishing rewards that keep you motivated.

Changing self-talk: rewriting your own internal dialogue in a more

positive way. “I can” rather than “I can’t” statements.
 The D.E.C.I.D.E Process
(decision making steps)

Define the problem: consider the decision you are facing, and
state the issue clearly.
Explore the alternatives: Make a list of possible alternatives
for solving your problem.
Consider the consequences: One by one, think through what
might happen if your were to choose each alternative on your list.
Identify your values: Sometimes your values influence your
decisions even when you are not aware of the influence.
Define and act: Use the information you have collected to
compare the alternatives. Decide which one is best for YOU.
Evaluate the results: Sometime after you have put your decision
into effect, take some time to review it.
Questions??
A STATE IN WHICH A PERSON’S
PHYSICAL, EMOTIONAL,
INTELLECTUAL, SOCIAL,
DEVELOPMENTAL, OR SPIRITUAL
FUNCTION IS DIMINISHED OR
IMPAIRED COMPARED WITH
PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE.
• Acute • Chronic
– Potentially life- – Potentially life-
threatening threatening
– Short duration – Usually >6 months
– Severe – Similar to “disability”
– Abrupt onset
“…A CHRONIC DISABLING DISEASE
INTERFERES WITH ONGOING LIFE
ADAPTATIONS BY MAKING THE
PERFORMANCE OF ROUTINE TASKS
MORE CHALLENGING.”
• Nurse: provide client education
• Goal: reduce the occurrence of symptoms
or improve tolerance of symptoms
• “Normalization”: client/family adapts to
disease
• Internal • EXTERNAL
variables: VARIABLES:
– Client – Visibility of
perceptions symptoms
– Social group
– Nature of illness
– Culture & ethnic
– Coping skills
– SocioEconomics
• Behavioral and emotional changes
• Impact on body image
• Impact on self-concept
• Impact on family roles
• Impact on family dynamics