PLC - Programmable Logic

Control

Jon Pruett
December 1, 2008
Overview – Current State

 Definition – dedicated computer for rapid

processing of simple logic instructions in a
defined time
 Unlike general-purpose computers, PLC’s
are designed to handle multiple input and
output arrangements, and are resistant to
vibration and impact
Where Used?

 Mostly used in automated processes

– Control of machinery on factory assembly lines
– Control of amusement rides
– Control of lighting fixtures
Who Uses and When?
 Any industry that utilizes automation, or any machine/device
that uses automatic control.
– Example: The 1st PLC created was made for GM Hydramatic
(Automatic Transition Division for General Motors)
 2 Main Approaches
– Logic Control
 Closed-loop method
 Uses conditions and events to signal completion of an event, then
triggers some reactive event
 Asynchronous method
– Sequencing
 Open-loop method
 Uses timers to trigger completion and beginning of steps
 Synchronous method
Cost

 As low as $60
 Up to $400
 Depends on size, speed, input/output
arrangement
Supporting Technology?
 How complicated is the Program?
 What do you want the PLC to control?
 Basic Components of PLC:
Processor unit (CPU), Memory,
Input/Output, Power supply unit,
Programming device
 Machine Vision commonly used
References

 Automation Book
 Dr. Red slides
 PLC Manual
(http://www.plcmanual.com/plc-
hardware)
 Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.com)
 AutomationDirect
(www.AutomationDirect.com/plcs)
 FactoryMation
(www.factorymation.com)
 Triangle Research (http://www.tri-
plc.com/products.htm)
 PLC’s.net
(http://www.plcs.net/chapters/links.htm)
 http://instrumentation.co.za/article.aspx
?pklArticleId=4564&pklCategoryId=67
 Google Scholar (www.byu.edu)
Application Rules, Limitations?
Vendors
Existing and Evolving Standards
 The primary standard available for
programmable logic controller (PLC)
programming is defined in IEC
61131. This standard has been
embraced by many other
international standards
organisations. For example, the
American National Electrical
Manufacturers Association (NEMA)
standard IA 2.3-2005 is based on
IEC 61131-3 as is the British
Standard BS EN 61131-3. More
industries, people are beginning to
incorporate PLC’s
 Organizations are trying to
standardize PLC programming to
facilitate training by allowing users to
learn on one model of hardware, but
apply common techniques to all
compatible hardware
Technical Paper
How it Integrates

 Excellent proof of Planning out the program

and diagrams of PLC
 Models of systems (if accurate) save time
and money
Kewl PLC Video
Class Application

 Make a simple ladder logic diagram for the

garage PLC solution.
Summary
 Overview
– A dedicated computer for rapid processing of simple logic instructions in a defined time
– Used in automated processes (rollercoaster)
– Used a lot in automated industry
– Logic control and sequencing approaches
– Cost: $60-$400
– Machine vision commonly used as supporting technology
– Dr. Red = Good reference
 Use in Industry
– Applications include simple and, or, not diagrams/programs
– Few limitations for its function
– Main known vendors: Honeywell, Rockwell, Sharp, Unitronics
– Standards: IEC 61131. Trying to standardize PLC programs
 Application examples
– Modeling Programs and Diagnosable functions for PLCs
– Useful in planning and determining structure and diagram
– Parking garage video
– Design your own street light system
– End of the line
“Applause”

 Questions?