MUHAMMADIYAH:

THE ISLAMIC
REFORM
MOVEMENT IN
INDONESIA
BAHTIYAR HARDIYANTO
 Founded by KH. Ahmad Dahlan in 1912

Muhammadiyah birth-pushing factor stems from some

religious and moral social anxieties and concerns.

Spread the teachings of Islam, both through education and

HISTORICAL other social activities.

BACKGROUND Granted from Dutch in 1914

Muhammadiyah does not only deal with educational issues,

but also serves various community service businesses such as
health, law (fatwa), orphanages, counseling and others
Inspired by the Islamic renewal movement in the
international world that Jamaluddin Al Afdhani, Muhammad
Abduh, Rashid Rida and others,
PROMINENT FIGURE
Gerakan Ittiba’ Nabi Muhammad.
Dahlan’s thought who is relatively intelligent
Have a high social sensitivity
One of his obsessions is to unite scholars in
Indonesia and to improve the education of
Muslims
Practical scholars, not theoretical scholars
He was also influenced by the thinking of Islamic
reformers, especially from the Middle East
IDEOLOGY
Muhammadiyah ideology is a movement with Islamic systems and
theories on all aspects of human life for tajdīd (renewal) so that
always have forward agenda (Iṣlāh)
Muhammadiyah as a tajdid movement keeps supporting the growth of
the purity of Islamic teachings
Muhammadiyah as an Islamic movement with its tajdid (reform) spirit
keeps supporting healthy Islamic thoughts in various aspects of life.
 Establishing Pimpinan Cabang
Istimewa Muhammadiyah

establish academic relationships with

various institutions abroad
STRATEGY AND
PROGRAM participation in various international
organizations or activities abroad

Active on promoting the peace and

conflict settlement
CRITICAL NOTES
Constitutional Jihad is a reform movement in the field of law and
corrective efforts made through the formal channels, namely by filed a
judicial review to the Constitutional Court against several laws that are
considered contrary to the 1945 Constitution
 Officially recognized by UN ECOSOC

ACHIEVEMENTS Member of International Contact Group

Muhammadiyah has more than 20 PCIM outside
Indonesia
WEAKNESS
Muhammadiyah tends to be an action movement and to neglect thinking movement, so
it does not really give big contribution to the development of Islamic and national
thinking for Indonesia and for world civilization
The fast development of charity and services quantitatively is not repaid with equal
quality, so until certain limit, it is less competitive and doesn’t really give wider and
more innovative contribution for the advancement of Muslims and nation
The fast growth of organization makes Muhammadiyah tend to be bureaucratic and
low in facing developing problems in public, especially in responding to new social
problems