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MODULE OBJECTIVES
• Discuss the two major welding process;
• Identify the major hazards in welding works;
• Implement safety measures to these major
hazards;
• Perform safety check before start of a welding
process;
• Discuss the proper execution of bonfire;
• Develop and implement a Hot Work Program.
2
Common Types of
Welding Process
3
ARC WELDING
Arc – Two metals are joined by generating
an electric arc between a covered metal
electrode and the base metal.
4
WELDING ELECTRODE
SHIELDING COVERING
GAS CORE
WIRE
BASE METAL
5
General Hazards
in Arc Welding
Works and its
Counter Measures
6
ARC WELDING HAZARDS
1. Electric Shock
7
Safety Measure
1. Electric Shock
8
ARC WELDING HAZARDS
9
Safety Measure
Proper ventilation. 2,000 cu. ft. per min. of air per welder.
10
VENTILATION
Adequate ventilation depends on the
following factors:
Volume and configuration of the
space where the welding operations
occur.
Number and type of operations that
are generating contaminants.
Natural air flow rate where operations
are taking place.
Locations of the welder’s and other
workers’ breathing zones in relation
to the contaminants or sources. 11
12
ARC WELDING HAZARDS
3. Welding Sparks
13
Safety Measure
3. Welding Sparks
14
ARC WELDING HAZARDS
4. Arc Rays
15
Safety Measure
4. Arc Rays
16
FILTER SHADE SELECTION
Shielded Metal 60 7 9
Arc Welding
60 - 160 8 10
160 - 250 10 12
250 - 550 11 14
17
ARC WELDING HAZARDS
5. General Work Area
18
Counter Measure
5. General Work Area
22
23
Welding
Checkpoints
Before Work
24
Checkpoints Before Work
1. WELDER
•Fit to work.
•Trained for the job.
•Authorized to do the job.
25
Checkpoints Before Work
2. EQUIPMENT
•In good condition
•With correct power switch fuses
•Holder insulation in good condition
•Equipment grounded properly
•Welding cable not damaged
•Hoses no leaks
•Accessories in good condition
•Fire fighting equipment available
26
27
Checkpoints Before Work
•Safety shoes.
4. WORK CONDITIONS
30
31
Bonfires
32
Proper Execution of Bonfires
- light fires on an open site at designated ground
far enough (typically 10m) from adjoining
combustible materials, storage areas or building;
- never leave fires unattended until they are
completely out;
-limit the amount burnt to controllable level
through the use of confinement system such as
drums;
33
Proper Execution of Bonfires
- attendant must have the correct fire extinguisher
or other suitable fire fighting equipment, and
importantly they are trained to use it;
- do not light fires on windy days;
34
Proper Execution of Bonfires
- check materials for dangerous items such as
empty cylinders, aerosol cans & flammable
substance before it is brought to fire;
- do not light fires where flames, smoke and any
air-borne debris might affect overhead electrical
lines;
- do not use petrol or any similar fuel to light up
fire, use paper or similar kindling instead.
35
Follow points (a) to (e) when lighting a bonfire
36
HOT WORK PERMIT
37
HOT WORK PERMITS
Definition:
HOT WORK is any work using open flames
or sources of heat that could ignite
materials in the work area.
Welding
Brazing
Soldering
Oxy-acetylene cutting
38
HOT WORK PERMIT
Required whenever welding, cutting
or burning is done.
Serves as a safety inspection
checklist to ensure precautions are
taken.
Must be posted in a visible location
at the worksite.
39
HOT WORK PERMITS
Procedures:
40
HOT WORK PERMITS
Effectivity:
41
Hot Work Permit
Project Name: Requesting Person/Company:
Job Location: Date of Request:
1. Is welder/s authorized for the job? 6. Are the correct work clothes available?
□ Yes □ No □ Yes □ No
2. Are power switches with correct fuses? 7. Are the appropriate protective equipment provided ?
□ Yes □ No □ Yes □ No
3. Are holder insulator in good condition? 8. Are flammable material s removed from the work area?
□ Yes □ No □ Yes □ No
4. Are the equipment grounded properly? 9. Is work are with adequate ventilation ?
□ Yes □ No □ Yes □ No
43