1.

2 Your Science Laboratory

1.2.1 to identify and state the function of apparatus.
1.2.2 to identify the symbols and examples of
materials.
1.2.3 to draw and label simple apparatus used in
laboratory and classification based on its usage.
1.2.4 to justify rules and safety precaution in the
laboratory.
Science Laboratory
• Science Laboratory is a room specially prepared to
undergo scientific investigation or experiments.
• There are various materials and apparatus as well
as other facilities in laboratory.
APPARATUS AND ITS FUNCTION
TEST TUBE BOILING TUBE

To fill up small amount of solutions To fill up or heat a small amount of

substance
 APPARATUS AND ITS FUNCTION
BEAKER GLASS BOWL

To fill up chemical and collect solution To fill up water while collecting gas
 APPARATUS AND ITS FUNCTION
CONICAL FLASK F L AT B OT TO M F L A S K

To fill up chemical and collect To fill up chemicals used to prepare

solution gas if heating is not needed
 APPARATUS AND ITS FUNCTION
GLASS COVER GASEOUS CYLINDER

To isolate set up apparatus and the To collect gas

environment
 APPARATUS AND ITS FUNCTION
R E TO R T STA N D T R I P O D STA N D

To support apparatus during experiments To support apparatus while heating

 APPARATUS AND ITS FUNCTION
ROUND BOTTOM
WIRE GAUZE FLASK

To conduct heat while heating To fill up chemicals to collect gas

if heating is needed
 APPARATUS AND ITS FUNCTION
MEASURING CYLINDER BIURET

To measure solutions to the difference To measure solutions to the difference

of 1.0cm3 of 0.1cm3
 APPARATUS AND ITS FUNCTION

PIPETTE F I LT E R F U N N E L

To measure solutions accurately To filter liquid and solid

 APPARATUS AND ITS FUNCTION
MANGKUK PIJAR P I R I N G S E J AT

To heat chemicals directly To evaporate water from solutions

SYMBOLS OF DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES IN THE
LABORATORY
• Most of the chemical substances used in the laboratory is
dangerous
• Warning Symbol labelled on the chemical bottle is to show
the dangerous effect of the substance
WARNING SYMBOLS

Corrosive

For example : Hydrogen peroxide, concentrated

hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide.

Skin inflammation
WARNING SYMBOLS

Highly flammable

For example: White Phosphorous, petrol, gasoline,

and ethanol

Easily vaporized
Vapour is flammable
WARNING SYMBOLS

Explosive

For example: Sodium, Potassium

Explode when ignited

Explode when mixed with other chemical
substances
SIMBOL-SIMBOL AMARAN

Harmful or Irritant

For example: Ammonia, Chlorine, Chloroform

Smells like rotten eggs

Irritates Eyes, Irritates respiratory vessels and skin
WARNING SYMBOLS

Toxic / Poisonous

For Example: Plumbum, Cyanide, Hydrogen Sulfide

Can cause poisoning and fatality

WARNING SYMBOLS

Radioactive

For example: Uranium, Torium and Radium

Exert radioactive rays that can cause cancer

DRAW AND LABEL THE APPARATUS
• Scienctist draws scientific diagram to represent the set up
of an experiment
• Scientific Diagram is in the form of simple, 2 dimensional
drawing such in the diagram shown below
STEPS TO DRAW DIAGRAMS CORRECTLY

1. Use a sharp pencils

2. Draw a straight line using a ruler
3. Label the diagram using a straight line without
arrow symbol at the end
4. Make sure all the lines do not intersect each other
5. Write the correct name of apparatus and material
GENERAL RULES OF SCIENCE LABORATORY
1) Laboratory and the preparation room are the forbidden
area. No one is allowed to enter without teacher’s
permission.
2) Scientific apparatus, material and biological substances in
the laboratory cannot be brought out without teacher’s
permission.
3) Scientific tools, chemical substances or biological
materials on be used with teacher’s supervision.
4) Scientific tools, chemical substances or biological
materials which have been used should be returned to
the original places
5) All apparatus should be cleaned before and after usage.
GENERAL RULES OF SCIENCE LABORATORY
6) Experiments can be done without teacher’s permission
and acknowledgement
7) Every damages or accidents has to be reported
immediately to the teachers of lab assistants.
8) Do not play around with the tools and apparatus in the
laboratory.
9) Do not move your seat from the respected to other
without teacher’s permission.
10) Lab chairs have to be arranged nicely. Lab has to be very
clean and tidy all the time.
GENERAL RULES OF SCIENCE LABORATORY

11) Paper cannot be used to ignite Bunsen burner.

12) Matches and other burning splinter cannot be thrown in
a bin.
13) Matches, filter paper or other solid wastecannot be
thrown in or under the sink instead they have to be
thrown in a bin.
14) Food and drinks are not allowed in the laboratory.
GENERAL RULES OF SCIENCE LABORATORY
15) Bags are not allowed into the laboratory.
16) Tap water cannot be drank
17) First aid kit cannot be used without teacher’s permission.
18) Safety steps has to be abide.
USAGE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES
1. The label of a bottle has to be read properly to ensure it is
the correct chemical substance.
2. Use only small amount of chemical substances to do
observation as minute amount of chemicals is enough to
get a clear observation. Do not waste them.
3. Use spatula to take solid chemical substances. Do not use
you finger.
4. Lid of a bottle has to be applied once the chemical
substances in it has been taken out.
5. Normally chemical substances is poisoning and corrosive.
Do not taste any chemical although it is in the form of less
concentrated liquid.