CHAPTER 6

ARCHITECTURE
DRAWING

 Understanding
Architectural
Drawing

 Standard
Architectural
Symbols

 How to learn
Architectural
Drafting
1. Understanding Architectural Drawing
 Introduction
 Architectural drawing shows the plan and view of
a building.
 This type of drawing is necessary for construction
of building and as reference for contractors in
meeting specifications.
 Architects and draftsman are responsible for
preparing the building drawings.
 The drawing is presented in the form of
orthographic drawing and drawn according to the
UBE (Uniform Building Enactment 1984).
 Drawn using standard architectural symbols,
dimension, material specification and quality
according to required design.
1. Understanding Architectural Drawing
 Architectural Drawing Elements
a) Plan Drawing
 Plan location
 Site Plan
 Floor Plan
 Roof Plan
b) Elevation
 Front View
 Right/Left Side View
 Back/Rear View
 a) Plan Drawing
Location Plan
• shows the location of proposed
project or building.
• looks like a map which gives a
direction or information of the
proposed site and it is unnecessary to
draw with scale.
• it shows the wind direction (N =
North). Others existing features will
be including in the location plan such
as nearest building as the landmark,
access road with the name
 a) Plan Drawing
Site Plan
• A site plan drawing showing various
properties in terms of their owners,
locations, elevations, states of
development and features such as
roads, utility supply lines, and
dimension.
• The importance of site plan is easy
to contractor to manage the site area
for them to locate and loading the
construction material, machine and
build temporary building
 a) Plan Drawing
Floor Plan
• The floor plans communicate the
overall construction requirement to
the builder.
• Symbols are used on floor plans to
describe items associated with living
in the home, such as doors, windows,
cabinets, furniture and plumbing
fixtures.
• Floor plans are representation of an
imaginary horizontal cut made
approximately 1200mm (4’0”ht) above
the floor line.
 a) Plan Drawing
Roof Plan
• Roof plan describes the design of
roof, dimensions, the pitch which
viewed from above.
• Roof plan is top view building and
only show roof construction plan.
• The building line is show in roof plan
as hidden line.
• It also shows the direction of rain fall
and also the building line as hidden
elements.
b) Elevation Drawing
b) Elevation Drawing
1. Understanding Architectural Drawing
 Architectural Drawing Elements
c) Sectional Drawing
 Shows cross-section of a building and other details.
 The information in a sectional drawing includes height,
component sizes and construction material specification.
 Example of sectional drawing.
d) Detailed Drawing
 Shows building parts such as windows, doors, roofs and
stairs.
 Information – shape, name, size, material used etc.
 Drawn in form of orthographic, sectional or isometric.
 Scale – 1:50, 1:20, 1:10 and 1:2
 c) Sectional Drawing
Section symbol
• A section is a view of a
building or object
obtained by making an
imaginary cut through it.
• The term section is
mainly used where the
cut is made in a vertical
X X direction, and this is so in
the case of location
sections.
• Usually there are two
direction of section;- X-X
section and Y-Y section.
d) Detailed Drawing
 2. Standard Architectural Symbols
 Introduction
 Represent the type and shape of a specific
material used in the building construction.
 Mostly based on the British Standard (B.S) and
Malaysian Standard (M.S).
 Symbols are used in Floor plans, Roof plans,
Elevations, Sectional drawing and Detailed
drawing to show building component such as :
 windows
 Doors
 Columns
 Walls
 Floors and etc.
 2. Standard Architectural Symbols
 Finishing In The Building
 Figure below indicated the symbols of some finishing in the building
envelopes. There are finishing from floors, windows, doors, roofs, walls
and so on. This finishing elements will be used as a symbols of the nature
materials or structures.
 2. Standard Architectural Symbols
 Symbols And Furniture In The Building
 Many symbols has been developed in the drawing. Figure below
shows the detail of the symbologies.
 2. Standard Architectural Symbols
 Symbols And Furniture In The Building
 Many symbols has been developed in the drawing. Figure below shows
the detail of the symbologies.
 3. How to learn Architectural Drafting
a) Layout plan drafting techniques :
STEP 1:

1. Draw the gridlines for each wall, column and beam for every space. The dimension is
measured from centre to centre of wall.

STEP 2 :

1. Draw the wall thickness by referring to the centre line.

2. Identify the position of door, window and the opening.

STEP 3:

1. Draw the symbols such as doors, window, wall, and sanitary

2. Name the space such as living hall, toilet, kitchen, etc.
3. Insert the dimension for each space.
4. Insert the specification of finishing
5. Insert the hidden line for roof
 3. How to learn Architectural Drafting
STEP 1:

1. Draw the gridlines for each wall, column and beam for every space. The dimension is
measured from centre to centre of wall.
 3. How to learn Architectural Drafting
STEP 2 :

1. Draw the wall thickness by referring to the centre line.

2. Identify the position of door, window and the opening.
(b) Elevation drafting techniques
(c) Roof plan drafting techniques
The end, thank you.