Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
ADAPTATION (LMA) ON
WRITING SKILL
CEFR SUPERMINDS FOR YEAR 1 AND 2
PRINCIPLES OF MATERIALS
SELECTION AND
ADAPTATION
• Learners have different preferences and
requirements for learning.
• This diversity commonly requires a supply of learning
material that fits to the learners’ needs.
• No book will suit all the students in terms of their
learning styles, motivations, interests and levels of
English.
• That is why teachers need to adapt materials for the
lessons.
• Adapting
• is a process of matching what we have to work
with (external criteria) and what the materials
offer (internal criteria) to maximise teaching
materials in a context.
external criteria means components of the materials,
it’s level, general fit e.g. general English/exam focus
In adapting a material :
1) Make materials interesting.
2) Make learning activities relevant and purposeful
3) Meet the learners’ needs, both external
and psychological
4)Use models of real, authentic language
Factors to bear in mind when
adaptating materials
1. Teachers should not adapt materials too
casually, e.g. based on his or her own
preferences or tastes
• Age
• Cultural background
• Cognitive maturity
• Interests
• Needs
Initial criteria
• Pupils’ profile
– Age
– Class size
– Learning context
• Course length
• Learning focus
– Balance of language syllabus
– Learning skills
– Cross-curricular content
Detailed criteria
• Unit organisation
– Lay-out, sequencing, revision/reference pages
• Language load per unit
– New language load / recycling of language
• Skills
– Equal emphasis on skills
• Range of activity types
– Pupil interaction / independent work
Criteria for material
selection
• The material must match the goals and
objectives of the syllabus or language
programme.
• The material should be consistent with
the teaching-learning situation /
approach.
• The authenticity of the material.
• the material must suit the target
audience –level /ability, needs, interest,
time
• The material should be reasonably priced if
cost is involved
• The material should make learning easier
• the material should create joy and interest
in the learners.
• The material should be attractive, colourful,
and durable where applicable.
• Teachers have the choice of selecting
authentic or non-authentic materials for their
lessons.
• Authentic materials are produced in response
to real life communicative needs rather than
an imitation of real life communicative needs.
• On the other hand non-authentic materials
are materials that are specially produced for
pedagogical purposes.
• However, it is recommended that teachers
should expose authentic materials to the
pupils as they will encounter these materials
in the real world.