A SEMINAR ON

“WIND POWER GENERATION

ON HIGHWAY”

Presented by,
AVANEESH MISHRA
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS,
DR HARISINGH GOUR UNIVERSITY SAGAR M.P
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1. Introduction
2. History CONTENTS
3. Components
-Turbine
-Generator
-Transmission
-Battery
4. Construction
5. Working
6. Advantages
7. Disadvantages
8. Future scope
9. Conclusion
10. References

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 INTRODUCTION
ENERGY Is the ability to do work
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURC

Energy source we can use over Energy source we are using up and
and over again cannot recreate in a short period of
time

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 WIND ENERGY
1) Wind energy is the fastest growing source of clean energy
worldwide.
2) By using the application of wind energy can be create power on
highway.
3) Each vehicle on the highway offers uncontrolled source of wind,
and that source of wind are use for the power generation on the
highways due to rapidly moving vehicles.
4) The generated power are used for the road lamp and many of
different application

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 history

 Previously windmills are used for grain grinding & water pumping.

 Up-to 1970’s there is no considerable growth in wind power

industry.

 Wind power energy is widely increased due to rising prices &

diminishing quality of fuel.

 We turn to the wind power when oil prices rose sharply.

 After 1970’s wind power plant are established in European country.

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 MAJOR COMPONENTS
 WIND TURBINE

 GENERATOR

 TRANSMISSION

 BATTERY

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CONSTRUCTION

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 WIND TURBINE
There are two types of wind turbine.
1.Horizontal axis wind turbine.
2.Vertical axis wind turbine.

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Highway Wind Turbine

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1
1
 SOME OTHER WIND TURBINE

CHARLES BRUSH WIND TURBINE TRADITIONAL DESIGN

BROADSTAR WIND TURBINE 12

SOME OTHER WIND TURBINE

LOOPWING DESIGN Maglev Wind Turbine 13

 TRANMISSION:
 With the help of rotor and gear box the rotational motion of wind
turbine is transmitted to the generator.

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GENERATOR
• Wind power generators
convert wind energy
(mechanical energy) to
electrical energy.
• The generator is
attached at one end to
the wind turbine, which
provides the mechanical
energy.
• At the other end, the
generator is connected to
the electrical grid.
• The generator needs to
have a cooling system to
make sure there is no 1
overheating. 5
SMALL GENERATORS:
 Require less force to turn than a larger ones, but give much
lower power output.
 Less efficient
i.e.. If you fit a large wind turbine rotor with a small generator it
will be producing electricity during many hours of the year, but it
will capture only a small part of the energy content of the wind
at high wind speeds.

LARGE GENERATORS:
 Very efficient at high wind speeds, but unable to turn at low
wind speeds.
i.e.. If the generator has larger coils, and/or a stronger internal
magnet, it will require more force (mechanical) to start in
motion. 16
WIND POWER

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 BATTRY
 Battery stores the energy generated from the generator and
supply when ever needed.

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 A typical 600 kW turbine costs about $450,000.
 Installation costs are typically $125,000.
 Therefore, the total costs will be about $575,000.

 The average price for large, modern wind farms is around $1,000 per kilowatt
electrical power installed.

 Modern wind turbines are designed to work for some 120,000 hours of
operation throughout their design lifetime of 20 years. ( 13.7 years non-stop)

Maintenance costs are about 1.5-2.0 percent of the original cost, per year.

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Wind Energy Generation from Traffic
Movement-II
There are two important principal of energy
generation from traffic driven waste energy
with the use of pressure impact on
surrounding air as well as produced
turbulence on the earth surface. The motion
of vehicle induced some turbulence in
surrounding air which can be trapped for
energy generation through the principal of
wind turbine. The massive nature of moving
traffic can generate electricity with the help
of piezoelectric crystals.

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 Traffic Driven Wind Energy
Generation
From the previous windmill studies it is very
well known that for wind energy power P
harnessed by wind turbine is related to wind
velocity 𝑣w and is given by

Here
A = Cross-section area of the Turbine;
𝜌 = Density of Wind;
Cp= Betz Limit
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The Betz Limit Cp gives by Betz' Law which is
related to Power Coefficient and it varies with
the tip speed ratio λ of the turbine in honor of
scientist Albert Betz. Tip speed ratio is the ratio
of blade tip speed to wind speed. The variation of
Cp with tip speed ratio λ is shown in fig. .This law
concluded that no wind turbine can convert
more than 16/27 (59.3%) of the kinetic energy of
the wind into mechanical energy turning a rotor.
The qualitative behavior of air can be understood
by using the law of conservation of energy and
Bernoulli theorem for air fluid. This is done by
lowering air fluid pressure in regions where the
air flow velocity is increased. In order to calculate
"real pressure variation, let assume a cylindrical
air tube of height h and radius R (= Radius of the
turbine) across the turbine which absorbs the
kinetic energy of wind turbulence generated. The
model calculation here assumes velocity profile
follows laminar flow having no viscous losses and
turbulence. Specifically, this involves assuming that
the effective flow velocity is one-half of the
maximum velocity. 22
If there is no wind profile variation perpendicular to the direction of motion of the
vehicle, then all air turbulence goes directly or indirectly along the column height h.
Under this ideal condition, all air turbulence reaches the wind turbine. This
turbulence absorption results in rotational kinetic energy to the blades of the
turbine. This follows in accordance with the Bernoulli theorem for the fluid motion
i.e.

The air turbulence speed change for 𝑣1 to 𝑣2 creates a pressure difference dP = P2 -

P1 at two face of the imaginary cylinder. It has significance value before of velocity
variation and it also depends on size of air column. This pressure variation produced
a drag force. The net drag force on the wind turbine is easily correlated with air
column pressures difference as

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This drag force actually does work in displacing air column or setting vibration in air
column. There will be more air horizontal propagation as compared to vertical as
vehicle having horizontal motion. Indirectly drag forces work done is equal to the
decrease in kinetic energy of wind column between two end of imaginary cylinder
i.e.

where h is high of air column.

From law of conservation of energy in situation of no wind energy loss , we have

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The multiplying factor 𝑀 = 𝑚𝑣 /(𝑚𝑤+𝑑𝜌𝜋𝑅 ℎ) > 1 because an increase of
mass ratio is counter cannot balance by larger value of cylinder volume and so
almost all the vehicle velocity is transferred to air velocity near wind turbine in
ideal situations. 24
 Imaginary Cylinder of Radius R and height h

In the real situation there exist an another dynamical correlation, coefficient K

related to various loss factors like loss of wind motion or energy due to diffusion,
collision loss, air resistance, the location of the turbine, vehicle size & shape and
volume available for expansion etc. The value of the dynamical correlation constant K
lie between 0 to 1 and have a different value for different vehicle or wind turbine.
The K=0 value corresponds to no velocity transfer and 1 for 100% velocity transfer.
Therefore, wind turbulence speed is related to vehicle speed as

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The resultant wind velocity 𝑣𝑤 can rotate turbine or kinetic energy of wind is
transfer to rotational energy of turbine. The rotational speed of turbine having
radius R is given by

𝜔 = 𝑀𝐾 𝑣𝑤 /R

So from eq (1) and (6) wind power P harnessed by wind turbine is given by related
to wind velocity 𝑣𝑤 and is given by

The cubic variation of equation (7) guarantee the generation of wind power from
vehicle speed.

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If we assume the following data: R =0.5m , mv=1200 kg, mw=1.3 kg /m3 , 𝑑𝜌 =
0.01 𝑘𝑔 /𝑚3 and h=3 m The value of multiplying factor M is found to be an order of
389. The variation of wind velocity approaches at turbine for different values of R is
shown in Table
The wind power P harnessed by wind turbine due to wind velocity 𝑣𝑤 with same
set of data can be calculated with the help of eq. (7) . It is found to be vary cubically
with wind speed but limited by the value of Betz limit Cp and correlation constant K

Table for Vehicle Speed vs. Wind speed & Power generated

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 ADVANTAGES
1 .The energy produce is environmental pollution free and does not
cause any harm to environment.

2.There is no damage to birds .

3.Can be use to produce energy free electricity.

4.Can be use to develop nearby villages and make it prosperous..

5.Till now the energy which is waste can be utilized in
developmental work.

7.Wind energy is pollution free and eco-friendly.

8.Wind energy has very good potential and it is fastest growing

energy source. 28
 DISADVANTAGES
 One turbine can’t provide sufficient power so collective
turbines are used.

 Light vehicles do not generate more power.

 Initial cost is high.

 Huge amount of traffic is essential.

 If speed of vehicle is less it is ineffective.

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 conclusion

 Conclusively, extensive data is collected on wind patterns produced

by vehicles on both sides of the highway.

 Although one turbine may not provide adequate power generation,

a collective of turbines on a long strip of highway has potential to
generate a large amount of energy that can be used to power
street lights.Hence this design concept is meant to be sustainable
and environmentally friendly.

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 FUTURE SCOPE

 India has vast supply of renewable energy resources.

 The total demand for electricity is expected to cross 2550,000
MW by 2030. The electrical sector have an installed capacity
of 185.5 GW as of November 2011.
 India is currently suffering from major shortage for electricity.
India should become one of the leading power producers in the
world, but the current technologies are not sufficient to achieve
our goal .
To overcome the above problem, we need to implement the new
technologies in production of energy. Smart Wind power is the
conversion of wind energy into useful form of energy such as
electric energy by using wind turbines in the middle or either
sides of the highways to generate electricity.

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 REFERENCES
1. DU Journal of Undergraduate Research and Innovation Volume 2, Issue 1 pp 116-,
2016 Wind Energy Generation from Traffic Movement Mukesh Kumar Krishan
Kumar &Rishabh Rana.

2. Royal Academy of Engineering (April 2014), WIND ENERGY implications of large-

scale deployment on the GB electricity system.

3. Salvadori S., Morbiato T., Mattana A., Fusto E., (2012), On the characterization of
wind profiles generated by road traffic, BBAA7, China proceeding, pp.-1367-1369.

4. Sinisa S, Campbell, Harris, Haris J., (2009), Urban wind energy UK &USA, Earthscan

5. Technology Letters, Vol.3 No.1 (2016) 10-13 Traffic-Driven Energy Generator

Mukesh Kumar, Krishan Kumar

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THANK YOU !!!

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