The Best School Ever

2015-2016
 UNIT 03
Back to Nature
 Reading and Writing .
Look at the pictures and circle the best
answer below .
• A. Picture 1 is:
 a. a cartoon.
 b. a painting .
 c. a photo.
• Picture 2 is:
a. a poster.
 b. a comic strip.
c. a cartoon
• B. The focus in ...
Picture 1 is on :
 a the aero plane.
 b. the pesticide spray.
 c. the field.
Picture 2 is on :
a. legs.
b. a head.
c. lungs
• C. In the background of ...
Picture 1, there is:
a. an ocean.
b. a field.
c. a football pitch
Picture 2, there are:
a. cars and factories
b. oil refineries
c. trees
• D. In the foreground of ...
Picture 1 there is:
a. a stadium.
b. an aero plane / airplane
c. a pesticide spray
Picture 2 there is:
a. a lung X-Ray.
b. a television screen
c. a theatre stage
• 2. Complete the sentence below.
The two pictures above illustrate ...
b. the dangers of smoking
c. progress in medicine and agriculture
Read the text below and do the activities
Chemicals at War against Man
In the modern world, different forms of pollution take oxygen from
the air, rivers and oceans. In our cities, vehicles and factories swallow
oxygen, and their fumes poison the air with carbon dioxide (CO2). This
urban pollution spoils the air we breathe. It is the major cause of
diseases such as lung and skin cancers. If nothing is done to reduce
carbon dioxide emissions, most of us will die of these diseases.
In the countryside, fertilizers, which contain phosphorus and
nitrogen, spill over into rivers. As a result, fish is dying in increasing
numbers, and aquatic life is suffocating from lack of oxygen.
Rural pollution is as dangerous to man as urban pollution. For
example, scientists at the University of Rochester (USA) have found
that most pesticides used on food crops are toxic, and some of them
are the main cause of Parkinson's disease, an incurable illness that
afflicts one million Americans.
(Adapted from Paul Thacker, Popular Science, p. 35, July, 2001)
• Task 01: Say whether the statements are
true or false.
1. Carbon dioxide released by cars and
factories is responsible of urban
pollution. True
2. Fertilizers cause diseases such as lung
and skin cancers False
3. Rural pollution is more dangerous to
man than urban pollution. False
• Task 02: Read again and answer the following
questions
1. What is the cause of urban pollution?
Fumes released by vehicles and factories
2. What are the results of urban pollution?
Diseases such as lung and skin cancers.
3. What will happen if carbon dioxide is not
reduced?
Most of us will die lung and skin cancers.
4. What is rural pollution?
It is the pollution of the countryside by fertilizers
5. What is the cause Parkinson's disease?
Pesticides used on food crops
• Task 03: What or who do the underlined words refer
to in the text?
• In our cities, vehicles and factories swallow oxygen,
and their fumes poison the air with carbon dioxide .
 Vehicles and factories
• This urban pollution spoils the air we breathe. It is the
major cause of diseases such as lung and skin
cancers. urban pollution
• . In the countryside, fertilizers, which contain
phosphorus and nitrogen, spill over in rivers.
 fertilizers
• …..most pesticides used on food crops are toxic, and
some of them are the main cause of Parkinson's
disease. pesticides
• Task 04: Reorder the following ideas
according to their occurrence in the text.
A. Rural pollution
B. Urban pollution
C. Comparison between urban pollution and rural
pollution.
Correction:
§1. b- Urban pollution
§2. a- Rural pollution
§3. c- Comparison between urban pollution and
rural pollution.
Task 05: Find in the text words that are
closest in meaning to:
• Take= swallow
• relating to a town or city.= urban
• relating to water.= aquatic
• relating to the countryside= rural
• Poisonous= toxic
 DISCOVER THE LANGUAGE
1. Fish is dying because fertilizers are carried into
the river.
2. In the countryside, fertilizers spill over into
rivers. As a result, fish is dying in increasing
numbers.
Question: What do the two sentences express?
1. Sentence 1 expresses cause.
2. Sentence 2 expresses result/effect/consequence.
1. Fish is dying because fertilizers are carried into
the river.
2. In the countryside, fertilizers spill over into
rivers. As a result, fish is dying in increasing
numbers.
What conjunction is used to express cause?
What conjunction is used to express effect?
1. Causebecause.
2. Effectas a result.
1. Fish is dying because fertilizers are carried into
the river.
2. In the countryside, fertilizers spill over into rivers.
As a result, fish is dying in increasing numbers.

3. What words can replace “because”?

4. What words can replace “as a result”?
5. Because=as=since / because of =due to +noun
phrase.
6. As a result= as a consequence= consequently
=therefore = so = hence = thus
 cause effect
Conjunctions 1. Because/as/ As a result, as a consequence,
since consequently, so, therefore, hence,
2. Because of / thus.
due to + noun
phrase.

Examples 1. I was absent I was sick, so I was absent.

because / as /
since I was sick.
2. I was absent
because of /
due to my
sickness.
 Task 01: Complete the sentences with
the right conjunction
so
1. Cakes and candy are high in sugar,………they are
bad for the teeth.
because they
2. Some people have healthy hearts…………….
exercise daily.
as
3. There is no life on Venus. ………….there is no
atmosphere on it.
4. Solar batteries need to be recharged
therefore they are impractical for
frequently……….……
powering cars on long trips.
because of
5. I can’t live in the city………………..…its noise
Task 02 : Rewrite the second sentence so that it
means the same as the first one.
1.Cakes and candy are high in sugar, so they are bad for the
teeth.
2. Cakes and candy are bad for the teeth
………………………………………….
because they are high in sugar

1. Some people have healthy hearts because they exercise

daily.
2. Some people exercise daily ……………………………………
,so they have healthy hearts

1. There is no life on Venus as there is no atmosphere on it.

, as a result there is no life
2.There is no atmosphere on Venus ……………………………
on it.
Task 03 : Combine the pair of sentences to get ONE
sentence, using appropriate cause or effect
conjunctions from the list in the box .
because - therefore –consequently- so--because of-due to.as

1.
1. Janice gothome
Janice got home late.
late, She missed
consequently, sheher TV her TV
missed
program.
program.
2.
2. Alvin missedthe
Alvin missed the
busbus.
becauseHe woke
wokeup uplate.
late.
3.
3. The UVrays
The UV raysreach
reach thethe surface
surface of earth,
of the the earth.
therefore
People sufferfrom
People suffer fromskinskin cancer.
cancer.
4. The atmosphere
The atmosphere is loaded
is loaded withwith
acidsacids.
so acidAcid
rainsrains
destroyforests.
destroy forests.
5. My
5. Mybrother
brotherdoesdoes notnot sleep
sleep veryvery
well well.
becauseTheof /noise
duue
of the
to neighbourhood.
the noise of the neighbourhood.
•That’s all folks!