Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Clara Natalia
Adenia Lestari
Maurent Virginia
Priambodo Ardi Saputro
The Scope
1. Trigonometric Identity
2. Trigonometric Equation
TRIGONOMETRIC
IDENTITY
TRIGONOMETRIC FORMULAS
A. Relation/Base Formula of Trigonometric Function
1. a. Opposite Relation:
1 1 1
csc α = sin α sec α = cos cot α = tan
sinα
b. Division Relation: tan α = cosα
cos α
cot α =
sin α
c. “Pythagoras” Relation:
sin2α + cos2α = 1 (and its variety)
tan2α + 1 = sec2α
1 + cot2α = csc2α
Related Angles
2. Trigonometric Function of related angles
a. sin(90 – α)o = cos αo cos(90 – α)o = sin αo
tan(90 – α)o = cot αo cot(90 – α)o = tan αo
sec(90 – α)o = csc αo csc(90 – α)o = sec αo
b. sin(180 – α)o = sin α0 sin(180 + α)o = –sin αo
cos(180 – α)o = –cos α0 cos(180 + α)o = –cos αo
tan(180 – α)o = –tan α0 tan(180 + α)o = tan αo
Value
Sin All
”+”
Tan Cos
Trigonometric Formula in Triangles
1. Sine Rules (formula) in ABC Triangles:
a b c
sin sin sin
2. Cosine Rules (formula):
b2 c 2 a 2
a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bc cos α cos α =
2bc
b2 = a2 + c2 – 2ac cos β or
c2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab cos γ cos β = c 2 a 2 b2
2ca
cos γ = a2 b2 c2
2ab
The difference, Addition Formula
and Division Result of Sine/cosine
Function
1. Multiplication Result of sine and cosine
2 sin α cos β = sin(α + β) + sin(α – β)
2 cos α sin β = sin(α + β) – sin(α – β)
2 cos α cos β = cos(α + β) – cos(α – β)
–2 sin α sin β = cos(α + β) – cos(α – β)
or 2 sin α sin β = cos(α – β) – cos(α + β)
2. Addition and Difference of Sine/Cosine Function
sin A + sin B = 2 sin ½ (A + B) cos ½ (A – B)
sin A – sin B = 2 cos ½ (A + B) sin ½ (A – B)
cos A + cos B = 2 cos ½ (A + B) cos ½ (A – B)
cos A – cos B = –2 sin ½ (A + B) sin ½ (A – B)
TRIGONOMETRIC
IDENTITY
Identity is an open sentence which has true
value for every its variable value substitution
for example : sin2α + cos2α = 1
Prove !
sin x 1 cos x
2 csc x
1 cos x sin x
1). If sin x 0
then: x k.180 , k B
2). If cos x 0
then: x 90 + k.180 , k B
3). If tan x 0
then: x k.180 , k B
Formula III : Equation contains
negative value
1). If sin x - sin sin (-)
then: x - + k. 360 or
x (180 + ) + k. 360 , k B
2). If cos x - cos cos (180 + )
then: x 180 + + k. 360 or
x - 180 - + k. 360 , k B
3). If tan x - tan tan (-)
then: x - + k. 180 , k B
Example
1
b) b) cos 2x0 =
2
a) sin x0 = sin 400
x = 40 + k.360
For k = 0 → x = 40 k = 0 → k = 140
cos 2x 0 = cos 60 0
k = 1 → x = 150 k = 2 → x = 330