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YANASARI, S.Si
FLUID MECHANICS
FLUID MECHANICS
may be defined as that branch of engineer-
science which deals with the behaviour of
fluid under the conditions of rest and
motion.
The fluid mechanics may be divided into
three parts :
Statics
Kinematics
Dynamics
FLUID MECHANICS
Properties of fluids – general aspects
FLUID MECHANICS
A fluid may be defined as follows
“ A fluid is substance which is capable of
folowing or a fluid is a substance which
deforms continuously when subjected
to external shearing force”
FLUID MECHANICS
The properties of water are much importance because the subject of
hydraulics is mainly concerned with it.
Some importand properties of water will be considered are
Density : mass density, weight density, specific volume
Specific Gravity
Viscosity : dynamic viscosity, kinematic viscosity, Newton’s law of
viscosity, types of fluids, effect of temperature on viscosity, effect of
pressure in viscosity
Thermodynamic properties
Vapour pressure
Cohesion
Adhesion
Surface tension
Capillarity
Compressibilty and Bulk modulus
FLUID MECHANICS
Kerapatan massa (Mass Density / specific
mass) : ρ
Rapat massa suatu zat adalah massa dari volume
satuan zat tersebut.
massa(kg)
3
Volume(m )
Untuk zat cair rapatnya bisa dianggap tetap
pada perubahan-perubahan tekanan
Density water adalah 1000 kgm-3pada 40 C
Weight density
w g
Dalam satuan S.I = 9,81 kN/m3
Dalam satuan M.K.S = 1000 kg/m3
Specific Volume
V 1
vs
m
Relative density ( Kerapatan Relatif ) suatu
benda (rp.rlzat)/ Specific gravity
Viskositas
fluida du
dy
Viskositas kinematik ( m2/s )
Keterangan :
= viskositas dinamik (N.s/m2 )
= Tegangan geser
= viskositas kinematik ( m2/s )
= densitas
Variation of shear stress with velocity gradient