A

NON SYALLBUS PROJECT PRESENTATION

ON
“MODERN COSMOLOGY: THE BIG BANG THEORY(R&D)”

Department of Computer Engineering

Poornima University, Jaipur

Guided by: Mr. Pankaj Jadwal Sir Submitted By: Rahul Nayan
Designation: Assistant Professor Reg. No.: 2014PUSETBCEX02820
 Contents
1. Introduction to Topic with applications.
2. Issue wise solution approach
3. Discussion of 3 Research Paper
 The problem being addressed by paper
 Gaps in their work
 Broad outline of how the authors solved the problem
 Evaluation of the author’s solution of the problem
 Key contribution of the paper claimed by the authors

4. Application of the Topic

5. References
INTRODUCTION TO TOPIC

 Big Bang Theory

 The Big Bang theory is an effort to explain what

happened at the very beginning of our universe.
 Discoveries in astronomy and physics have shown
beyond a reasonable doubt that our universe did in fact
have a beginning.
INTRODUCTION

 Prior to that moment there was nothing; during

and after that moment there was something: our
universe.
 The big bang theory is an effort to explain what
happened during and after that moment.
 According to the standard theory, our universe
sprang into existence as "singularity" around 13.7
billion years ago.
INTRODUCTION

 What is a "singularity" and where does it come

from? Well, to be honest, we don't know for sure.
Singularities are zones which defy our current
understanding of physics. They are thought to
exist at the core of "black holes."
 Black holes are areas of intense gravitational
pressure.
 Issue Wise Solution Approach

S.No Solution Approach Used Results

What you are looking for Where to find it

1 What research area / sub-topic does the paper fall under? Occurrence of Universe

2 What problem does the paper attempt to solve? General Relativity,

Singularity, Multi-pole
moment, Dark Energy

3 What key contribution does the paper claim? Singularity, Parallel

Universe, Black Hole

4 Broadly, how does the paper solve the problem? Time Quantum Equations,
Quantum Theory, Expansion
of Modern Cosmology
5 How do the authors defend the solution? Facts and Figures, Newton’s
and Einstein’s Laws
6 What category of paper is this? Cosmology
7 Why is it believed that solution works, better than previous ? Relativity of Dark Matter

8 What is the take-away message from the paper? Modern Cosmology

 The problem being addressed by paper

 Timeline of Big Bang

 Origin of Universe

 Timeline of Cosmological theories

 Past and Modern Cosmology

 Theory of Everything

 Quantum Mechanics
 Gaps In The Prior Work

 Timeline of Big Bang

 Singularity, Multi-pole moment

 Timeline of Cosmological theories

 Dark Energy, Large Magellaniac Cloud

 Theory of Everything

 General Relativity, Quantum Field Theory

 Broad outline of how the authors solved the problem

 Timeline of Big Bang Theory

 Singularities are zones which defy our current understanding of physics. They are
thought to exist at the core of "black holes."
 Some Says Singularities Connect the different dimensions of the parallel Universe.
 Timeline of Cosmological theories

 Large Magellanic Cloud is a satellite galaxy of Milky Way.

 Dark Energy postulates to act in opposition to gravity and to occupy the entire Universe,
accounting for most of the energy in it and causing its expansion to accelerate.

 Theory of Everything

 Quantum field theory suggests in constructing quantum mechanical models of subatomic

particles in particle physics.

 General relativity is the geometric theory of gravitation in modern physics. Suggest

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation.
 Evaluation of the author’s solution of the problem

Timeline of Big Bang Theory

Parallel Universe and vibrations of universe at different frequencies and relatively the
concept of singularity was not changed.

Timeline of Cosmological theories

The Large Magellanic Cloud suggests many theories later on the explanation by the author.
Concepts have been altered continuously.

Theory of Everything

Theory of Everything links together all the physical aspects of the universe based on general
relativity and quantum theory where later, further more equations were proposed.
 Key contribution of the paper claimed by the authors

Timeline of Big Bang Theory

The theory and facts about Singularity were unrevealed till yet but knowledge based on
certain conclusions gives us platform to explore further.

Timeline of Cosmological theories

The development of Universe the modern cosmology suggests The Big Bang Theory.

Theory of Everything

The general relativity and quantum physics changed the aspect of our vision and later
Quantum Physics give rise to Nanotechnology.
REAL LIFE APPLICATIONS
 Transformation of Energy
 Quantization of energy
 Wave–particle duality
 REFERENCES:-

 Steven W. Hawking, George F.R. Ellis, "The Cosmic Black Body Radiation and the
Existence of Singularities in our Universe, “ (1968).
 Mark Eastman, Chuck Missler, The Creator: Beyond Time and Space, (1996)
 Dennis Overbye. "Astronomers Hedge on Big Bang Detection Claim“(19 June
2014)