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Learning Objectives
After reading this chapter, you should be able to do the following:
Discuss the strategic value-adding role operations plays in the
supply chain.
Explain the concept of a transformation process and its application
to goods and services.
Appreciate the tradeoffs and challenges involved in production
operations.
Understand the primary production strategies and types of planning.
Discuss the primary assembly processes and production methods
for goods creation.
Describe the various production process layouts.
Explain the role of productivity and quality metrics for improving
operations performance.
Know how information technology supports efficient production of
goods and services.
Introduction
Operations focus on the “make/build” portion of the supply chain.
The push-based strategy works well for supply chains that focus on the
immediate delivery of off-the-shelf, low-cost, standardized goods.
Lean production tries to have materials arrive at the needed location just
in time for rapid processing and flow through the system.
(ATO), assemble-to-order
(BTO), build-to-order
(ETO), engineer-to-order
Production Process Layout
facility layout
involves the arrangement of machines, storage areas, and other
resources within the four walls of a manufacturing or an assembly
facility.
Quality
This may vary by company but it must focus on quality from the
perspective of the customer.
Safety
The standard metrics of accident/incident frequency, severity, and
cost are important to monitor, with continuous improvement (i.e.,
reduction) as the goal.
Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES)
Capacity planning and materials planning are used to balance inputs, capacity
(resources), and outputs so that customer demand can be fulfilled without
creating waste.
Facility layout involves the arrangement of machines, storage areas, and other
resources within the four walls of a manufacturing or an assembly facility.
Relevant production KPIs address total cost, total cycle time, delivery
performance, quality, and safety.