Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology

Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology

Gears and Their Application

Many mechanical devices and practically every machine

tool contain gear of one type or another.
Gear are used in pair or in combination to transmit motion,
change in direction of motion , change direction of motion,
increase or decrease speed and transmit power from one part
of a machine to another part.
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Gear Types and Their Application

Types of gear: -

1. Spur Gear
Used to a large extent in
power transmission.
Noisy when running at high
speed.

2. Helical Gear

Stronger, quieter and

smoother in operation.

More teeth in contact at

one time.
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3. Herring Bone Gear

Used in order to avoid end

thrust.

Quieter and smooth

operation.

4. Internal Gear

Used where space limited.

Have larger ratio of
reduction in a
comparatively small space.
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5. Bevel Gear

Shaft are not parallel to

each other.

6. Spiral Bevel Gear

At high speed it is noisy

and running is not
smooth.
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7. Worm Gear
To secure large ratio of reduction.

Smooth, quite and powerful

Used as speed reducer with a

corresponding increase in power

Good self-locking

8. Rack and Pinion

Used to transmit power from

rotary motion to straight motion.
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9. Hypoid Gear

Normally used in motor vehicle.

Transmit power from the engine to the rear axle via a

long shaft.
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Gear Ratios, Reduction and Multiplication

Gear Systems, Driven and Driving Gear,
Idler Gear and Mesh Patterns

Objective: -

At the end of this lesson the student will be able to define the reduction gear
and it's application.
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Gear Ratios, Reduction and Multiplication Gear Systems,

Driven and Driving Gear, Idler Gear, Mesh Patterns

The reduction gear assembly is secured to the front face of the timing case
cover and consist of: -

The propeller shaft, carrying three bevel gears mounted on these stub
shafts.

The driving gear, driven by the driving dog on the front of the crankshaft.

The stationary bevel gear.

The reduction gear casing.

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A
Reduction Gear Ratio =
B+A

Where,

A = Number of teeth on the driving gear,

B = No. of teeth on the driven gear
Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology
 Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology

Belts and Pulleys, Chains and Sprockets

Belts and Pulley, Chains and Sprocket are used as a remote controls.

Remote Controls

To control components such as:

 Trimming Tabs

 Fuels Cocks

 Brake Control Valves

 Engine Controls.
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Chains
Chains
Used in conjunction with a sprocket.

Purpose:

To provide a strong and positive drive in

the control system to change the direction
of control run where considerable force is
exerted.

Type of chains:

Aircraft control system chain is of the

simple roller type similar to the bicycle
chain.
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Chains

Classification of Chain:

i. Measured by the pitch of its links

ii. Sizes are: 8mm, 9.5mm, 12.7mm

and 15.9mm.

8mm chain has straight

bearing pins, shoulders not
provided for the outer plates.
Figure : Example of motorcycle
chain and sprocket
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Pulley

Pulley is essentially a wheel, usually grooved, mounted in a frame or block

so that it can readily turn upon a fixed axis

Pulleys for aircraft are usually made of a phenolic or micarta composition,

plastic or aluminium alloy

They are often supported on anti-friction bearings.

Figure:
Example of
Belt and Pulley
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Pulley

The installation of belt and pulley systems in an engine is to transmit

the engine torque to the driving components such as;

1. Air conditioner 2. Compressor 3. Rotor blades & etc

BELT AND PULLEY

transmit

Engine Torque Driving Components

Animation Presentation
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Pinion planetary wheel

Arm
Propeller shaft

Crankshaft

Stationary wheel