DEVIANCE AND

SOCIAL CONTROL
FABRERO, JOANNA GWEN F.
THEORIES OF DEVIANCE
BIOLOGICAL THEORIES OF DEVIANCE
PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES
SOCIOLOGIGAL THEORIES
THE CONFLICT THEORY
THE CULTURAL TRANSMISSION THEORY
THE SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
THE LABELING THEORY
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES
CONFORMITY INNOVATION

RITUALISM

RETREATISM REBELLION
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES

CONFORMITY

To both goals and means is considered as

non-deviant.
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES

INNOVATION
Accept social goals and reject the
prescribed means of achieving them.
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES

RITUALISM
The ritualist follow prescribed rules rigidly
without regard for the ends for which they
are designed.
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES

RETREATISM
These people are truly aliens in the
society and reject both the cultural goals
and institutional means.
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES

REBELLION
These movements tend to advocate
substituting new values in certain parts of
society.
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES

Critics argue that it erroneously

assumes that a single system of
“cultural goals” is shared by the entire
society.
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES

It fails to explain clearly why some

individuals choose one response while
others choose different one.
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES

Another weakness is that certain

types of deviance do not fall under any
of his five modes of adaption.
THE CONFLICT THEORY

Critics of the functionalist theory

Contend that most societies contain

many groups that have different
opposing value
THE CONFLICT THEORY

Strongest groups in society have the

power to define the values of weaker
groups as deviant.
THE CONFLICT THEORY

The powerful groups exploit those

with less power and consequently,
produce inequality and institutionalized
violence.
THE CONFLICT THEORY

Conflict theorists contend that the

legal authorities are controlled by the
rich and powerful.
THE CONFLICT THEORY

Call for political action to raise a

revolutionary consciousness and end the
oppression of the powerless by the
powerful.
THE CULTURAL TRANSMISSION
THEORY
States that where deviance is part of
the sub-culture’s pattern, it is
transmitted to newcomers of a
particular through socialization.
THE CULTURAL TRANSMISSION
THEORY
Deviance is transmitted culturally
through learning and socialization not
only from gangs or peer groups but also
to other agents of socialization.
THE SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

Implies that deviant and conforming

behaviours of the individual are
determined by the consequences reward
or punishment that come after.
THE SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

Acquired through direct conditioning

by imitation or by modelling the
behaviour of others.
Known as operant or instrumental
conditioning.
THE SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

Behaviour is strengthened by rewards

(positive reinforcement) or the
avoidance of punishment (negative
reinforcement)
Weakened by aversive stimuli or loss
of rewards.
THE SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

Acquisition and persistence of either

deviant or conforming behaviour area
function what particular behaviours
have been rewarded or punished.
THE SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

Differential reinforcement when the

norms and attitudes people learn from
others, especially from peers and from
members of the family, are also
influential.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING 