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Urie Bronfenbrenner
ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THEORY
Urie Bronfenbrenner
FACTORS:
• NEIGHBOURHOOD
• POVERTY
• PARENTAL EMPLOYMENT
MESOSYSTEM
• INTERMEDIATE SOCIALIZER
• TEACHERS, PRINCIPALS
• FAMILY AND SCHOOL
• FAMILY AND PEER GROUP
Chronosystem
-temporal changes
Chronosystem
• Ecological systems or individuals producing
new conditions that affect
development.
Self-Identity:
• While in earlier, traditional societies we would
be provided with that narrative and social
role. (clear cut)
• In the post-traditional society we are usually
forced to create one ourselves. (ambiguous)
Late modernity and Self
• As Giddens (Modernity and Self-Identity: 70)
puts it: "What to do? How to act? Who to be?
• These are focal questions for everyone living
in circumstances of late modernity –
Questions we must ask: either discursively or
through day-to-day social behaviour."
SELF CONCEPT
• Self-concept or self identity is the mental and
conceptual understanding and persistent
regard that sentient beings hold for their own
existence.
• In other words, it is the sum total of a being's
knowledge and understanding of his or her
self
Self-concept
• . The self-concept is different from self-
consciousness, which is an awareness or
preoccupation with one's self.
• Components of the self-concept include
physical, psychological, and social attributes,
which can be influenced by the individual's
attitudes, habits, beliefs and ideas.
•
• These components and attributes
can not be condensed to the general
concepts of self-image and the self-
esteem.
Self-concept is learned.
• (1) It is learned,
• (2) it is organized,
• (3) it is dynamic.
• Each of these qualities, with corollaries,
follow.
Who we are, and the actions that we may take,
is largely influenced by our external
environment
human development occurs through “progressively more
complex reciprocal interactions between an active evolving
biopsychological human organism and the persons, objects
and symbols in its immediate external environment”
person
context
time
Bronfenbrenner defines proximal processes which are interactions between individuals and
their environment. These occur over time and are the “primary mechanism producing human
development” (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006, p. 795) The power of such processes to
characteristics of the developing person, of the immediate and more remote environmental
contexts, and the time periods, in which the proximal processes take place (Bronfenbrenner,
1995, p. 795).
1. Microsystem
Includes the immediate surroundings of an
individual (family, school, peer group,
neighbourhood), and also one’s personal
biological make-up
Microsystems
2. Mesosystem
Composed of connections between one’s immediate
environments; i.e. – between the home and school
Mesosystems
3. Exosystem
Made up of external environmental settings that only
indirectly affect development but of which, the
individual is not part; i.e. one’s parents’ workplace
4. Macrosystem
Comprised of the larger cultural context; the values,
customs, laws, beliefs, traditions of the surrounding
culture; i.e. – national economy, Eastern/Western
culture, political culture, sub-culture
Macrosystems
5. Chronosystem
change over time; the patterning of environmental
events and transitions over the course of a life
Introduction: This is a presentation about Mager an Avatar chosen. I
will explain more in details through the ecological system theory…
• MICROSYSTEMS –
– immediate family and others’ direct relationships
• MESOSYSTEMS –
– connections between Microsystem factors that impact on the
person
• EXOSYSTEMS –
– social settings
• MACROSYSTEMS –
– beliefs, cultural values, laws and customs
Avatar information:
Friends of family
Neighbours
and extended family
Mesosystem
Microsystem
Microsystem
family Peers
Attitudes
culture and
School ideology
Health
services
Auburn of her
trinity culture
college are most
values
Mosque group
Neighbourhoo
d play area Legal
Mass media services to
of the access her
family values rights
values Social welfare service
such as Centre link
services
Microsystem:
She goes to
Auburn Islamic
centre for sport
activities and
religious
mosque
Auburn Trinity
college
Family doctor is
a Muslim choice
by Mager
parents.
Auburn Centre
A
Mesosystem
Mager has very positive
interaction with her mother and
extended family or siblings. The
expectation of being a girl is so
• Mager’s Mesosystem is valued her to the other siblings
may influence the same
connected with various
support from….Exosystem
• Home/interaction between
parent and siblings
Family go to parents
• Relationship of the meetings and find
out how their child
teachers progress. The family
and teachers must
very
interrelationships to
make sure the
information they
given is confident.
Mager relationships
with teacher has built
her confident of asking
questions or any
difficulties
Community and Exosystem
friends of the family Neighbours
• Exosystem of
extended family. Mass media/
influence from
family values
and school
• Attitudes parties
• Values
• Culture
• Media
Her culture does not allow
her to spend time out or
go any where that family is
not aware.
Exosystem
Friends of family
Neighbours
and extended family
Mesosystem
Microsystem
Microsystem
family Peers
Microsystems
School
Health
services
Auburn
trinity
college
Mosque group
Neighbourhoo
d play area Legal
Mass media services to
of the access her
family rights
values Social welfare service
such as Centre link
services