LIGHTING IN THE

WORKPLACE
KELOMPOK 3

•ARIEF BUDIMAN
•A.RIFKAH FAUZIAH AHDAR
•IRMA B. HI. LEWA

Pascasarjana Universitas Hasanuddin Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja

Lighting or illumination is the deliberate use of light to
achieve a practical or aesthetic effect. Lighting includes
the use of both artificial light sources like lamps and
light fixtures, as well as natural illumination by
capturing daylight. (wikipedia)

Menurut Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik

Indonesia Nomor 1405/MENKES/SK/XI/2002
Pencahayaan adalah jumlah penyinaran pada suatu
bidang kerja yang diperlukan untuk melaksanakan
kegiatan secara efektif.
SOURCE OF LIGHTING

NATURAL

ARTIFICIAL
 KORNEA PUPIL LENSA RETINA OTAK

Proses melihat dimulai ketika sebuah benda memantulkan cahaya dan cahaya ini kemudian masuk
ke dalam mata melalui kornea, pupil, lensa, dan akhirnya cahaya dipusatkan di retina.
Di retina cahaya tadi diubah menjadi muatan-muatan listrik yang kemudian dikirim ke otak melalui
serabut saraf penglihatan untuk diproses. Hasil dari kerja otak ini membuat kita melihat benda.
 SOME COMMON LIGHTING PROBLEMS AT WORK

• dark or unlit areas especially near hazards such as unguarded machines or steps;
1

• lack of natural light because of dirty or badly placed windows;

2

• glare from badly positioned or poorly shaded lights, unshaded windows or

3 reflecting surfaces;

• “energy saving” programmes leading to reduced lighting levels; •

4

Pascasarjana Universitas Hasanuddin Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja

 • workers suffering from eyestrain or fatigue from bad postures
5 caused by poor lighting;

• dirty or poorly maintained lighting, leading to light loss and

6 flicker;

• unsuitable décor leading to low lighting levels (excessive

7 contrasts or too much glare);

• security risks at night caused by poor lighting.

8

Pascasarjana Universitas Hasanuddin Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja

(SOURCE: TES,2010)
(SOURCE: TES,2010)
Good lighting is essential for
accurate work –
it prevents eye strain
and improves productivity
(ILO,2014)

Pascasarjana Universitas Hasanuddin Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja

MEASURING LIGHT LEVELS IN THE WORKPLACE

The level of light is measured in LUX. It is measure

d with a light/lux meter.

Formerly measured in foot candles (being phased o

ut), some Caribbean states still use the older units

1 footcandle = 10.7 lux

Examples of light levels

Very Bright Summer Day100,000 Lux
Full Daylight 10,000 Lux
Overcast Summer Day1,000 Lux
Very Dark Day100 Lux
Twilight 10 Lux
Full Moon< 1 Lux
 GENERAL LIGHTING STANDARDS

Machine shops:

•rough work and assembly 300 lux

•medium bench and machine work 500 lux
•fine bench and machine work 1000 lx
•fine bench and machine work 1000 lx

Office work or garment factory:

•general tasks 500 lux

•more detailed work 750 lux
•very fine work 1000 lux

ILO, 2014.
ILO, 2014.
Nilai Ambang Batas Pencahayaan Menurut Kepmenkes
No. 1405 Tahun 2002
HIERARKI OF CONTROL

Elimination (use natural lighthing)

Subtitusi (change the lamp)

Engeenering Control (clean and

care of the position)
Administrative (shift
work)

PPE
 METHODS TO AVOID GLARE

To reduce glare from window

• use blinds, curtains, louvres, or shades;
• replace clear glass with opaque/translucent materials –paint glass with whitewash; and
• change the layout of workstations

To reduce glare from lamps:

• ensure that no naked lights are in direct view of workers; and
• use shades or shields but ensure work area is well lit;

To reduce reflected glare

• change position of light source and reduce its brightness;
• cover reflecting surface with opaque, non-glossy material; and
• change the layout of the workstations.

Pascasarjana Universitas Hasanuddin Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja

 OTHER KEY FACTORS

• Make full use of daylight in the factory.

1

• Choose appropriate visual backgrounds for wall, ceilings etc

2

• Find the best place for the light source to avoid glare etc
3

• Use the most appropriate lighting device and fixture

4

• void shadows
5

6 • Ensure regular cleaning and maintenance

Pascasarjana Universitas Hasanuddin Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja

 VIDEO LUXMETER APP

DAMPAK PENCAHAYAAN

CARA MENGGUNAKAN LUXMETER