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ILLUSTRATED WITH MICROSOFT DYNAMICS NAV 2009
1 ST E D I T I O N
Chapter 1
2
Line-staff
organizational chart Accounting Office
and IT Manager
In the 1990’s
Michael Porter’s Value Chain
Business process is not a business function
Trigger, ‘customer’ demand, inputs outputs
FOCUS ON ERP
MRP
MRP II
ERP
ERP II (or x-ERP)
Bike example
ERP as a package
standard software package with a very integrated functionality,
which stretches out over all business processes in an
organization.
ERP as a phenomenon
enterprise wide integrated planning and steering concept
Organizational structure and management;
Products, services and business processes;
Information technology (computers, communication
infrastructure, systems, internet, e-mail);
People, competences and culture.
Best-of-Breed (BOB)
No integrated approach
Functional approach
Interfaces and middleware
pros cons
SAP
SAP Business Suite, All-in-One, Business One
Oracle
Oracle Financials, Peoplesoft, JD Edwards, Fusion
Infor
Mapics, Baan, SSA Global
Microsoft Dynamics
Dynamics NAV, Dynamics AX, Dynamics CRM
Industry Solutions
Dynamics NAV
Dynamics AX
Dynamics GP
Dynamics CRM
Personas
Role centers, list places, departments page
Financial Management
Sales & Marketing
Purchase
Warehouse
Manufacturing
Jobs
Resource Planning
Service
Human Resources
Administration
Country localisation
by Microsoft country development
Industry solution
by partner
The buttons
Manners
Through training partner
Through e-training
(Customer Source)
Master data
Contact data
Transaction data
Customer Card
Customer posting
groups
Creditability
Creditability as an amount
Payment terms:
Cash on delivery
7 days
1 month (8 days)
Delivery/shipment terms
Discounts
Per customer
Per item
Per order
E-commerce
Web shop
Electronic payment
More:
• Blanket orders
• Return orders and credit memos
CRM
Creating Quotation
Send to customer
Obligation to deliver
Reaction period
Management information
Financial
Matching principle
Actions
Update obligations administration
RMA procedure
Macroeconomic functions:
Information exchange between manufacturers, wholesalers
and consumers;
Stabilization function/distribution function.
Dimensions
Business Intelligence (BI)
Standard analysis possibilities
Sales budgets
Statistical screens
In (e.g.) Excel
Examples
SUPPLY CHAIN,
PURCHASING PROCESS
& WAREHOUSE PROCESS:
P2P CYCLE
Master data
Item number, -name and short description
Replenishment method
Costing method
Item vendor
Request for
Creation
Purchase quotation Vendor Vendor
puchase Goods receipt
initiative and vendor invoice check payment
order
selection
Also:
• Working with blanket orders
• Return shipments and credit memos
Quotation Quotation
1 3
Order
Warehouse workers
Determine goods receipt
Determine storage location
Receiving
Dock
Warehouse
3-way matching
Order
Goods receipt
Invoice
Technology
EDI
RFID
Vendors
Reliability of delivery times and quality
Price comparison
Top 10
More
Discounts, status blanket orders, achievements per purchasing
agent, return shipments
Out comings stock-taking
Custom
Vendor
er
CODP 1
Make-to-stock
CODP 2
Assemble-to-Order
CODP 3
Make-to-Order
CODP 4
Make-to-Stock (COPD1)
Produce entirely on stock
Customer sales orders do not directly influence the
manufacturing process
Manufacturing process is based on MPS, which is
built on sales forecast from the market
Examples:
Deep freezers
Off-the-peg clothes
Sanitary fittings
Assemble-to-Order (COPD2)
Manufacture components/semi-finished items
according to MTS
Op base of customer sales orders final assembly:
no MTS!
Finished items are not manufactured on stock
Customer has influence on the production process
Example:
Furniture with different levels of finishing touch (upholstery of
cloth or leather in a number of colors and qualities)
Make-to-Order (COPD3)
Customer sales order stretches out deep into the
production process
No stock production
Standard materials and standard designs
Longer delivery period
Example:
Computers with limited standard configuration possibilities
Engineer-to-Order (COPD4)
Product specifications are not known beforehand
First design, than customer specific purchasing, after
that manufacturing
Sometimes modular design possibilities (‘lego bricks’)
Costing calculation per order necessary
Examples:
Luxurious yachts
Made to measure clothing
Master data
Materials, BOMs, routings
Fixed planned
Released
Finished
Sales forecasts
Production plan
Sales and Operations Plan (SOP) more details
Detailed planning (production schedule)
MRP run
Grasp stock
Specials
Add-on
Flexibel assemble products
Built in intelligence and use of wizards
Dynamically determine BOM and routing
Sometimes offer to consumers via the web
Integratie with ERP is crucial
Product design
Where are components used, comparison BOMs
Capacities
Work per work center/machine center, Gantt diagram
Planning
Availability of materials
Execution
Material shortage list
Valuation
Production order statistics, cost calculation
Number series
Integration
EPC’s
Also direct postings
General journal
Recurring journal
Budget
External reporting
Also strong, legal claims, international standards
(IFRS)
More and more digitally published (XBRL)
Accountability
Reports
Lists and documents
Account schedules
BI
Not only from strategic point of view
PIs
BIW
Information delivery
(budget versus realisation)
Important decision maker in an
ERP implementation
Description
Specialistic task
Often outsourced
Functionalities payroll:
All data regarding payroll tax;
Pension regulations;
Minimum wages, contractual savings;
Holiday pay;
Salary components;
Payroll calculations of very diverse matter;
Pay slips, annual reports for employees and IRS;
Interface to MS Office;
Salary payments via electronic banking;
G/L postings of salaries.
BI
IMPLEMENTATION
AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT
Configuration, setup
Before start of use of ERP system
Colaboration with consultants
Key-users
Implementation plan
Methodologies: RIM Toolkit and SureStep
Process modeling
Cost and time frame
Keeping up to date
Hot fix, update and upgrade
Made to measure software and upgrading
Develop – test – go live
License costs
No wall-to-wall system
Components communicating with each other, with
components of other brands
Web services (portals)
Mobile