January 2017

Farhan Aslam
 Presentation Agenda

• Introduction to SPSS
1

• Data Entering
2

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Section - I
Introduction to SPSS

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 Introduction

 SPSS is a comprehensive and flexible statistical package and data

management system.

 Like a spreadsheet: stores, view and manipulates numbers. Does

calculations.

 Like a database: Stores records / data files.

 Generate tabulated reports, charts, descriptive statistics and conduct

complex statistical analysis

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 SPSS Screen Layout
 SPSS has the same general look of most other
programmes for Windows.

 To get started, one must first click on [Start]

then move the pointer to the [Programs] options.

 SPSS users work in two windows.

 Data Editor Window is used to enter & analyze data.

 Output Window shows the results of your analysis.

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 SPSS Interface

1. Data View
 The place to enter data
 Columns: variables
 Rows: records

2. Variable View
 The place to enter variables
 List of all variables
 Characteristics of all variables

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Starting with SPSS 20

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How to Start SPSS

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Data Editor (.sav files)

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Output Viewer (.spv files)

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Syntax Editor (.sps files)

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Dialog Boxes

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 SPSS Main Menu

 File. Allows you to open, print, and save data.

 Edit. Allows to modify or copy text or data

 Data. Make changes in data files for analysis.

 Transform. Compute new variable

 Analyze. Select various statistical procedures.

 Graphs. Allows you to create bar or pie chart, histograms,

and scatter plots etc

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File Menu

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Edit Menu

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View Menu

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Data Menu

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Transform Menu

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Analyze Menu

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Graphs Menu

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Utilities Menu

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Window Menu

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Window Menu

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 Now You Know

 How to start the SPSS programme and exit the

programme

 Some of the choices in the menu bar

 Some of the choices in the tool bar

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 Creating New Data File

 Data Editor Window: is set up in a 2-tab

spreadsheet format.

 Variable View: is used to define each variable

included in the data file.

 Data View is used for data entry.

 Variables are in columns & cases in rows

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Basic Data File Structure (Variable)

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Continue….(Case)

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 Inserting New Variable/Case
Insert Case

Insert Variable

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Section - II
Creating Data File

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 Creating a New Variable

 To begin, click on the Variable View tab to define

the variables.

Name: The variable name must begin with a letter.

Type: Several options exist in the hidden dialog box.

Click on the gray box to reveal the dialog box.

Width: The default is 8 spaces. You can change space.

Decimals: Set for the number of decimal places you need.

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 Creating New Data File
Label : Specify a longer descriptive variable name. This will appear in your
output
Values: Use for categorical data where you are using numbers to identify
groups. Click on the gray box and a dialog box will appear.
Value : Type 1
Value Label : Type Male
Missing Values: Can be set for a certain value that will be recognized by
the computer as a missing data point (usually something like 999)

Columns Scale: Match the width set earlier

Use the pull down menu to change according to data type

Align: Used for alignment of the value/text

Measure: Set for type of data for analysis

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 Creating New Data File
Label : Specify a longer descriptive variable name. This will appear in your
output
Values: Use for categorical data where you are using numbers to identify
groups. Click on the gray box and a dialog box will appear.
Value : Type 1
Value Label : Type Male
Missing Values: Can be set for a certain value that will be recognized by
the computer as a missing data point (usually something like 999)

Columns Scale: Match the width set earlier

Use the pull down menu to change according to data type

Align: Used for alignment of the value/text

Measure: Set for type of data for analysis

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 Creating a New Variable

 To begin, click on the Variable View tab to define the

variables first and then data entry.

 Variable Name must begin with a letter.

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 Variable Type

 Several options exist in the hidden dialog box.

 Click on the gray box to reveal the dialog box.

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 Width For Variable

 The default is 8 spaces. You can change space.

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 Decimal Property for Variable

 Set for the number of decimal places you need

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 Label Variable
 Specify a long description of the variable name.
 This will appear in your output

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 Decimal Property for Variable

 Set for the number of decimal places you need

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 Decimal Property for Variable

 Set for the number of decimal places you need

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 Add Value Labels to Variables

 Values: Use for categorical data where you are using

numbers to identify groups.

 Click on the gray box and a dialog box will appear

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 Missing Values Dialog Box

Missing Values: Can be set for a certain value that will be

recognized by the computer as a missing data point (usually
something like 999

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 Type of Data

 Use the pull down menu to change measurement level

according to data type :

 Nominal

 Ordinal

 Scale

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Saving Data File

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 Saving SPSS Data (Cont….)

 Save both data & output file with name.

 SPSS uses a three-letter suffix to distinguish between file

types.

 “.sav” for Data Editor files

 “.spo” for Output files
 “.sps” for Syntax files

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Thanks

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