Welding Inspector

Section 9

Welding Symbols
 Weld symbols on drawings
A method of transferring information from the
design office to the workshop is:

Please weld
here

The above information does not tell us much about the wishes
of the designer. We obviously need some sort of code which
would be understood by everyone.

Most countries have their own standards for symbols.

For Example AWS A2.4
 Weld symbols on drawings
Advantages of symbolic representation:
simple and quick plotting on the drawing
does not over-burden the drawing
no need for additional view
gives all necessary indications regarding the specific
joint to be obtained

Disadvantages of symbolic representation:

used only for usual joints
requires training for properly understanding of symbols
 Weld symbols on drawings

The symbolic representation includes:

an arrow line
a reference line
an elementary symbol

The elementary symbol may be completed by:

a supplementary symbol
a means of showing dimensions
some complementary indications
 Dimensions
Convention of dimensions
In most standards the cross sectional dimensions are given to
the left side of the symbol, and all linear dimensions are give on
the right side

EN 22553
a = Design throat thickness, (min material thickness)
s = Depth of Penetration, Actual Throat thickness
z = Leg length
AWS A2.4
•In a fillet weld, the size of the weld is the leg length
•In a butt weld, the size of the weld is based on the
depth of the joint preparation
 Weld symbols on drawings
Joints in drawings may be indicated:
•by detailed sketches, showing every dimension

•by symbolic representation

 Elementary Welding Symbols
( EN 22553)

Convention of the elementary symbols:

Various categories of joints are characterised by an elementary
symbol.
The vertical line in the symbols for a fillet weld, single/double bevel
butts and a J-butt welds must always be on the left side.

Weld type Sketch Symbol

Square edge
butt weld

Single-v
butt weld
 Elementary Welding Symbols

Weld type Sketch Symbol

Single-V butt
weld with broad
root face
Single
bevel butt
weld
Single bevel
butt weld with
broad root
face
Backing run
 Elementary Welding Symbols

Weld type Sketch Symbol

Single-U
butt weld

Single-J
butt weld

Surfacing

Fillet weld
 EN 22553

Plug weld Square Butt weld

Resistance spot weld Steep flanked

Single-V Butt

Resistance seam weld Surfacing

 Arrow Line
EN ISO 22553

Convention of the arrow line:

• Shall touch the joint intersection
• Shall not be parallel to the drawing
• Shall point towards a single plate preparation
(when only one plate has preparation)
 Reference Line
(EN 22553)

Convention of the reference line:

• Shall touch the arrow line
• Shall be parallel to the bottom of the drawing
• There shall be a further broken identification line
above or beneath the reference line (Not
necessary where the weld is symmetrical!)

or
 EN 22553
Reference lines

Dashed Line
Arrow line

Which side is Arrow side ?

Other side
Arrow side

Arrow side
Other side
Here the welding is showing on arrow side or
other side ???

Arrow side

Other side
Arrow side
Here it is showing the symbol

Other side

Arrow side

Other side
 Practice session
Draw the 2 plates closer to each other with out any welding

Draw the Single V-Butt welding between 2 plates

Draw the arrow line as much ways as you can on below
symbol

Draw the reference and dashed line as much

ways as you can
Draw the Actual welding of following symbol ?

Arrow side

Welding will look like this

Other side
Arrow side

Other side

Arrow side

Other side
Arrow side Single bevel
Question : All welding symbols
Other side will represent same actual
welding or not ??

B
A
Arrow side

Other side

Answer : Only “C” will be different in welding?

 Double side weld symbols
EN 22553 & AWS A2.4
Convention of the double side weld symbols:
Representation of welds done from both sides of the joint
intersection, touched by the arrow head

Fillet weld Double bevel Double J

Double V Double U
 EN 22553
MR
M

Single-V Butt with Single-U Butt with

permanent backing strip removable backing strip

Single-V Butt flush cap Single-U Butt with sealing run

 EN 22553

Single-bevel butt Double-bevel butt

Single-bevel butt Single-J butt

 Practice session
Draw actual welding of following

Single-bevel butt Double-bevel butt

Single-bevel butt Single-J butt

 EN 22553
Talk about Dimensions
s10

10 15

Partial penetration single-V butt

‘S’ indicates Actual throat
 EN 22553

a
z s
 EN 22553
Cross Sectional Dimensions

a4
z 4mm Design throat
z6
s6
6mm leg 6mm Actual throat
 EN 22553
Practice session
6mm fillet weld Draw the symbol
 Practice session
This is the actual welding
z6

Other side

z6

Other side
How can we represent Below
welding ????

5 80 80 80
5

6 90 90 90

All dimensions in mm
 EN 22553
n = number of weld elements
l = length of each weld element
(e) = distance between each weld
element
n x l (e)

Welds to be
staggered

2 x 40 (50)
111
3 x 40 (50)
Process
 ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553
All dimensions in mm
z5 3 x 80 (90)

z6 3 x 80 (90)

5 80 80 80
5

6 90 90 90

6
 Practice session

Draw the welding Symbol of

below welding ???
9 50 50 50
9

3 60 60 60

3
All dimensions in mm
 Answer
All dimensions in mm
z9 3 x 50 (60)

z3 3 x 50 (60)

9
9

3
3
 EN 22553
All dimensions in mm

z8 3 x 80 (90)
z6 3 x 80 (90)
6
80 80 80

6
8 90 90 90

8
EN 22553

a b

c d
 EN 22553

Mitre Convex

Toes
Concave
shall be
blended
 Supplementary symbols
(EN 22553 & AWS A2.4)
Convention of supplementary symbols
Supplementary information such as welding process, weld
profile, NDT and any special instructions

Toes to be ground smoothly

(BS EN only)
Site Weld

Concave or Convex

Weld all round

 Supplementary symbols
(BS EN ISO 22553 & AWS A2.4)
Convention of supplementary symbols
Supplementary information such as welding process, weld profile,
NDT and any special instructions
Ground flush

111
MR M

Removable Permanent Welding process

backing strip backing strip numerical BS EN

Further supplementary information, such as WPS number, or

NDT may be placed in the fish tail
 ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553
Numerical Values for Welding Processes:
111: MMA welding with covered electrode
121: Sub-arc welding with wire electrode
131: MIG welding with inert gas shield
135: MAG welding with non-inert gas shield
136: Flux core arc welding
141: TIG welding
311: Oxy-acetylene welding
72: Electro-slag welding
15: Plasma arc welding
 ISO 2553 / BS EN 22553
Complimentary Symbols

Welding to be carried out

Field weld (site weld)
all round component
(peripheral weld)

NDT WPS

The component requires Additional information,

NDT inspection the reference document
is included in the box
AWS A2.4 Welding Symbols
AWS Welding Symbols

Depth of Root Opening

Bevel

1(1-1/8)
1/8
60o

Effective Groove Angle

Throat
AWS Welding Symbols

Welding Process

GSFCAW
1(1-1/8)
1/8
60o

GMAW
GTAW
SAW
AWS Welding Symbols
Welds to be
staggered

3 – 10
SMAW
3 – 10
Process

3 3

10
 AWS Welding Symbols

3rd Operation
Sequence of
Operations 2nd Operation

1st Operation
FCAW
1(1-1/8)
1/8
60o
 AWS Welding Symbols

RT
Sequence of
Operations MT
MT
FCAW
1(1-1/8)
1/8
60o
AWS Welding Symbols
Dimensions- Leg Length

6 leg on member A
6/8

Member A 6

8
Member B
 AWS A 2.4 rules
Welds “on arrow side” of joint go underneath the
reference line while welds “the other side” of the joint, go
on top of the reference line
Symbols with a vertical line component must be drawn
with the vertical line to the left side of the symbol
All CSA dimensions are shown to the left of the symbol
All linear dimensions are shown on the right of the
symbol i.e. number of welds, length of welds, length of
any spaces
Included angle and root opening are shown on top of the
symbol
 AWS A 2.4 rules-example

10 3 x 50 (70)

70

50
10
 Fillet welds
Fillet weld dimensions according AWS A 2.4

8
8

5 leg on
5x8
vertical
member
5
8
 Intermittent fillet welds
Chain intermittent fillet weld
pitch (e) length (l)
z

z l-e
z l-e
 Intermittent fillet welds
Staggered intermittent fillet weld
e/2
pitch (e) length (l)

z l-e
z l-e