VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STEEL ENCASED COMPOSITE

COLUMN USING ALCCOFINE CONCRETE

Dated on: 3rd March 2018

BY
SUBASHREE.M (412816413013)

GUIDED BY
Dr. A.LEEMA ROSE, Ph.D., Associate Prof.
 INTRODUCTION
 A steel-concrete composite column is a compression
member, comprising either a concrete encased hot-rolled or
cold formed steel section is generally used as a load-bearing
member in a composite framed structure.
 By joining the two materials together structurally these
strengths can be exploited to result in a highly efficient and
light weight design.
 Alccofine is a mineral admixture material with low calcium
silicate and it provides reduced water demand for a given
workability.

Composite column
OBJECTIVES
 To study the axial stress-strain characteristics of Alccofine
concrete composite column.
 To evaluate the effect of Alccofine concrete on the strength and
deformation of the composite column.
 To compare the experimental results with the predictions of
Analytical results.

SCOPE
 The ductility of the Alccofine concrete composite column can
be studied by adding the admixture.
 The percentage of the admixtures can be varied to achieve more
strength.
COMPOSITE COLUMNS
 A composite column is a combination of concrete, structural
steel and reinforcing steel to provide an adequate load carrying
capacity of the member.
 In a composite column both the steel and concrete would resist
the external loading by interacting together by bond and
friction.
 Different types of composite columns were
 Concrete encased composite columns.
 Concrete in-filled steel tubular columns

Types of Composite Columns

ALCCOFINE
 Alccofine is a new generation mineral admixture, micro fine
material of particle size much finer than other hydraulic
materials like cement, fly ash, silica etc, being manufactured
in India.
 Alccofine is easy to use and can be added directly with
cement, ultrafine particle of Alccofine provide better and
smooth surface finish.
 It has a distinct characteristics to enhance the “performance
of concrete” in fresh and hardened stages. It has particle
range 0.1 to 20 microns, average particle size of 4 microns.

ALCCOFINE 1203
ADVANTAGES OF ALCCOFINE
 Improves durability parameters of concrete.
 Maintains the pH of the concrete to protect steel reinforcement.
 improves pump ability of concrete.
 Enhanced rate of strength gain in concrete up to 100 Mpa.
 Increases the packing effect of the concrete.
APPLICATION OF ALCCOFINE CONCRETE

Metro rail, Chennai Cable stayed bridge, Nagpur Palais Royale, Mumbai
METHODOLOGY
Section Properties

Experimental Programme

Steel I-Beam
Material Collection
Alccofine
Casting of Columns

Conventional Column Composite Column with I - Beam

Details of Test Specimens

Testing of Columns

Test Results and Discussions

Conclusion
SECTION PROPERTIES

150 mm 150 mm 150 mm

150 mm

150 mm

150 mm
ISMB 100
ISLB 75
Proposed Column – 1 Proposed Column – 2 Conventional RC Column

Length = 600mm, breadth = 150 mm, depth = 150 mm

Manual Design of conventional Column
Proposed Column – 1
150 mm
i) Plastic resistance of composite column
𝐴𝑎 𝑓𝑦 0.85 ×𝐴𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑘

150 mm
Pp = +
𝛾𝑎 𝛾𝑐
1460×250 0.85 ×21040×50
= + = 927.94 kN
1.10 1.5
ii) Effective flexural Stiffness
(EI)x = 9.459×1011 Nmm2 ISMB 100
(EI)y = 1.0792×1012 Nmm2
iii) Non-Dimensional parameters
𝜆x = 0.220 < 0.8
𝜆y = 0.206 < 0.8
iv) Resistance of composite column under axial compression
Reduction factor 𝜒x = 0.994 ~ 1
Reduction factor 𝜒y = 0.953 ~ 1
Thus the Plastic resistance of the composite column = 927.94 kN
Proposed Column – 2
i) Plastic resistance of composite column
𝐴𝑎 𝑓𝑦 0.85 ×𝐴𝑐 𝑓𝑐𝑘 150 mm
Pp = +
𝛾𝑎 𝛾𝑐
771×250 0.85 ×21040×50

150 mm
= + = 657.78 kN
1.10 1.5
ii) Effective flexural Stiffness
(EI)x = 9.51×1011 Nmm2
(EI)y = 7.09×1011 Nmm2
iii) Non-Dimensional parameters ISLB 75

𝜆x = 0.157 < 0.8

𝜆y = 0.182 < 0.8
iv) Resistance of composite column under axial compression
Reduction factor 𝜒x = 1.021 ~ 1
Reduction factor 𝜒y = 1.011 ~ 1
Thus the Plastic resistance of the composite column = 657.78 kN
Conventional RC Column
Length = 600mm, breadth = 150 mm, depth = 150 mm
𝑙𝑒 600
= = 4 < 12, Hence Short column 150 mm
𝐷 150
Ac = Area of concrete

150 mm
fck = Characteristic compressive strength of
concrete at 28 days
Asc = area of steel in compression
fy = yield stress of steel
Pu = 0.4 fck Ac + 0.67 fy Asc
= (0.4 × 50 × (1502-314.15)) + (0.67 × 415 × 452.16)
= 566.67 kN
EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMME
Material Collection:
The experimental programme was conducted to study the buckling
behavior of the column. This work consists of casting the
rectangular columns of cross section 150mm x150mm and 600mm
long. Different stages involved for casting of column specimens are
shown below.

ISMB 100 Steel I-beam

ISLB 75 Steel I-beam

Alccofine 1203
CASTING OF COLUMNS

Mixing of Alccofine 1203 Placing of ISLB 75 beam

Reinforcement Cages

Mixing of Concrete Placing of ISMB 100 beam

Casting of Column Specimen Finishing of Column Specimen

Cast and Finished Column Specimen

Casted Column Specimen

Curing of Column Specimen

Details of Test Specimens
Column Dimensions Top Bottom Stirrups Type of Number of
ID (mm) bar bar Spacing steel beam Columns
(mm) tested
PC-1 150 x 150 - - - ISMB 100 1

PC-2 150 x 150 - - - ISLB 75 1

CC(A) 150 x 150 2-12Ø 2-12Ø 125 - 1

CC 150 x 150 2-12Ø 2-12Ø 125 - 1

Test Specimens
 Testing of Columns

Column
Specimen

LVDT

Bottom
Plate

Test Set up in CTM Testing of column in progress

 Shear Cracks

Crack pattern and failure Mode

of CC(A) Column

Failure Modes of Column Specimens

 TEST RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS
 The principal test results of the column specimens are presented
in the below table
 The inclusion of the alccofine definitely improved the strength
and stability of the composite columns and reinforced columns.

Column Yield Deflection Ultimate Deflection Stress Strain Ductility

ID Load at Yield Load at Ultimate (N/mm2) Factor
(KN) (mm) (KN) (mm)

PC-1 800 1.56 980 4.09 43.56 0.0034 2.62

PC-2 700 2.55 825 3.05 36.67 0.0074 1.19

CC(A) 550 1.92 690 2.50 30.667 0.0041 1.30

CC 425 1.27 575 1.69 25.56 0.0028 1.33

 Effect on Strength
 The test results show that the load carrying capacity varied with different column
specimens.
 For column with steel beam ISMB 100 (PC-1), the ultimate load increased by
18.78% when compared to PC-2.
 For column with steel beam ISLB 75 (PC-2), the ultimate load increased by
19.56% when compared to CC(A).
 For Reinforced concrete column with alccofine CC(A), the ultimate load increased
by 20% when compared to Conventional column without alccofine (CC).
PC-1 PC-2 CC(A) CC
1200
980
1000
825
800 690
Load (KN)

575
600

400

200

0
PC-1 PC-2 CC(A) CC
Column- ID

Ultimate load of Columns

Effect on Deformation
 The Deflection of a column primarily depends on the loading, height of column,
elasticity modulus of concrete and moment of inertia of the section. The deflection
of the column are shown in below chart.
 For column with steel beam ISMB 100 (PC-1), the ultimate Deformation
increased by 34.09% when compared to PC-2.
 For column with steel beam ISLB 75 (PC-2), the ultimate Deformation increased
by 22% when compared to CC(A).
 For Reinforced concrete column with alccofine CC(A), the ultimate Deformation
increased by 47.92% when compared to Conventional column without alccofine
(CC). 4.5
PC-1 PC-2 CC(A) CC
4.09
4
3.5 3.05
Deformation (mm)

3
2.5
2.5
2 1.7
1.5
1
0.5
0
PC-1 PC-2 CC(A) CC
Column- ID
Deformation at Ultimate Load of Columns
Load-Deformation Behaviour of Tested Columns
 The plotted curve was then used to compute the ductility factor of
the column specimens.
 A linear variation was found until the load corresponding to the
initiation of a crack. After that point, the curve was of parabolic
nature. This profile of the curve revealed that the specimen started
yielding from the point of initiation of a crack.
 From the load deformation diagrams, it has been observed that
proposed column -1 undergoes more deformation indicating more
ductility of the column. PC-1 PC-2 CC(A) CC 0
1200
1000
800
Load (kn)

600
400
200
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Deformation (mm)

Load-Deformation Response of Columns

CONCLUSION
 A mix design for M50 grade concrete has been chosen for better performance,
whereas, the compressive strength and split tensile tests were conducted on
hardened concrete and the values were found to be 59.8 N/mm2 and 6.96 N/mm2
respectively.
 A theoretical manual design was adopted for all specimens along with the
experimental work.
 The results obtained from Theoretical & experimental are
For Proposed Composite Column – 1 927.94 kN, 980 kN,
For Proposed Composite Column – 2 790 kN, 825 kN,
For conventional RC Column – 567 kN, 575 kN,
For conventional RC Column with Alccofine – 567 kN, 690 kN,
 Although, theoretical values obtained are almost identical to the experimental
results & and thus, showing the Proposed Composite Column – 1 to be superior
when compared to other specimens.
REFERENCES
1) Alok Kumar Oshin Parihar, Rahul Chaudhary, Shiv Prakash Singh: “Use
of Alccofine 1206 to achieve high performance durable concrete” volume
3 Issue 5, (SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering (SSRG-IJCE)
(2016) 181-185).
2) Indu Lidoo Sanjeev Naval Rajeev Sharda: “Design of High Performance
Concrete (Hpc) M100 Using Mineral Admixture (Alccofine-1203) And
Flyash” volume 5, Issue 3, (International Interdisciplinary Conference on
Science Technology Engineering Management (2017) 407-415).
3) M.S. Pawar, A.C. Saoji: “Effect of Alccofine on Self Compacting
Concrete” Volume 2 Issue 6, (The International Journal of Engineering
and Science (2013) 05-09).
4) Rehana Akshay, Benke Vaibhav, Shane Abhijeet, Son wane Pradip:
“Alccofine Steel Fiber Self-Compacted Concrete” ISSN 2277 – 5528,
(International journal of engineering sciences & Management (2016) 48-
59).
5) Suthar Sunil Dr. (Smt.) B. K.Shah, “Study on Strength Development of
High Strength Concrete Containing Alccofine and Fly-Ash”, Research
Paper,Vol.2 (2013) 113-119.
THANK YOU…