IEEE 1451

Smart Sensor Networking

Feifei Cao
<fcao@andrew.cmu.edu>

2018/3/9 16722 Sensing and Sensors 1

 Introduction
 Low-cost, networked smart sensors are
developed for diverse industry’s needs.
 Interfacing the smart sensors to all of these
control networks and supporting the wide
variety of protocols require very significant
efforts.
 A universally accepted transducer interface
standard, the IEEE P1451 standard, is
developed.
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 Information Sources
 Last year’s presentation of Anna Liao
 http://www.motion.aptd.nist.gov/
 http://www.completetest.com/IEEE145
1_overview.htm

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 What is IEEE1451
 IEEE 1451 is a family of proposed standards for "A
Smart Transducer Interface for Sensors and
Actuators". Together these standards provide a single
generic interface between a transducer and external
network,independent of the network protocol in use.

 The goal is to separate the design of the sensors and

actuators from that of the networking controller, and
to make the network protocol transparent to the
transducer.

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 IEEE 1451 Family of Standards
 IEEE 1451.0 – This portion of the standard defines the structure
of the TEDS (Transducer Electronic Data Sheets) the interface
between .1 and .X, message exchange protocols and the
command set for the transducers. (Published)
 IEEE 1451.1 – Specifies collecting and distributing information
over a conventional IP network. (Published)
 IEEE 1451.2 – Wired transducer interface – 12 wire bus working
on a revision which will put IEEE 1451 on RS- 232, RS-485 and
USB. (Published)
 IEEE 1451.3 - This is the information to make multi-drop IEEE
1451 sensors work within a network. (Published 03/31/04)

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 IEEE 1451 Family of Standards
 IEEE 1451.4 – This portion of the standard specifies the
requirements for TEDS (Transducer Electronic Data Sheets).
This is software only. (Accepted)
 IEEE 1451.5 – This section of the standard specifies information
that will enable 1451 compliant sensors and devices to
communicate wirelessly, eliminating the monetary and time
costs of installing cables to acquisition points. The IEEE is
currently working on three different standards, 802.11,
Bluetooth and Zigbee. (Proposed)
 IEEE 1451.6 – This is the information required for the CAN
(consolidated auto network) bus. (Proposed)

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 IEEE 1451 Family

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 1451.1 Overview
 Network Capable Application Processor (NCAP)
Information Model
 a hardware-independent abstraction layer for
the sensor interface and defines how the
model is mapped through a network
abstraction layer to the control network.
 a standardized software interface for
connecting NCAPs to control networks.

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 1451.1 Acronyms
 Network Capable Application Processor (NCAP):
mediates between the STIM and the control network
and may provide local intelligence.
 Smart Transducer Interface Module (STIM): the
remote, networked, and intelligent transducer node.
Can support a single channel or many channels,
linking both sensors and actuators. “smart”, because
described by a machine-readable transducer
electronic data sheet.

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 1451.1 partition of general model

interface

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 1451.1 Implementation

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 1451.2 Overview
 Transducer to Microprocessor Communication
Protocols and Transducer Electronic Data
Sheet (TEDS) Formats
 defines a transducer electronic data sheet
(TEDS) for the smart transducer interface
module (STIM) and specifies the digital
interface and communications protocols
between the STIM and the NCAP

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 1451.2 Terms
 Transducer Electronic DataSheets (TEDS): An area of
memory in STIM that describes the STIM itself and
any transducer channels associated with it. Divided
into 8 fields; only 2 are required to be specified.
 Transducer Independent Interface (TII): STIM
communicates with network transparently via the TII,
which links the STIM to the NCAP. In physical terms,
the TII is simply a 10-wire serial I/O bus. In
implementation terms, this serial bus is a
synchronous serial communications interface

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 1451.2 partition of general model

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 1451.2 Implementation

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 1451.3 Overview
 Digital Communication and Transducer
Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats for
Distributed Multidrop Systems
 proposes a standard digital interface (TBIM)
which can connect multiple physically
separated transducers in a multidrop
configuration
 Used in applications where transducers are
distributed across an area in which it is not
feasible to install an NCAP for each
transducer channel

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 1451.3 Terms
 Transducer Bus Controller (TBC): One on
each NCAP to communicate with multiple
TBIMs. Supports multiple, time-synchronized
data channels to occupy single transmission
medium (bus)
 Transducer Bus Interface Module (TBIM): A
transducer node, like the STIM, but
communicates with NCAP through multi-drop
transducer bus and TBC

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 P1451.3 partition of general model

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 P1451.3 Implementation

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 1451.4 Overview
 Mixed-mode Communication Protocols and
Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS)
Formats
 allow analog transducers to operate in a
mixed-signal mode.
 Digital interface to read and write the TEDS
or control the transducer
 Analog interface to make measurements in
normal manner

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 P1451.4 partition of general model

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 P1451.4 Implementation

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 Application in the industry
 Kistler accelerometers
 TMI IEEE 1451 Products
 Analog Devices microconverter
 Navy’s developing wireless sensor
network
 Companies that have adopted standard

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 Additional Materials
IEEE 1451P Standard for Smart Transducer Interface section:
http://www.sensorsportal.com/HTML/standard_0.htm

IEEE 1451.1 Information Model for Smart Transducers section:

http://www.sensorsportal.com/HTML/standard_1.htm

IEEE 1451.2 Transducer to Microprocessor Communication

Protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats
section: http://www.sensorsportal.com/HTML/standard_2.htm

IEEE 1451.3 Digital Communication and Transducer Electronic Data

Sheet (TEDS) Formats for Distributed Multidrop Systems section:
http://www.sensorsportal.com/HTML/standard_3.htm

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 Additional Materials
IEEE 1451.4 Mixed-mode Communication Protocols and Transducer
Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats section:
http://www.sensorsportal.com/HTML/standard_4.htm

IEEE 1451.5 Wireless Communication Protocols and Transducer

Electronic Data Sheet (TEDS) Formats section:
http://www.sensorsportal.com/HTML/standard_5.htm

IEEE 1451.6 A High-speed CANopen-based Transducer Network

Interface for Intrinsically Safe and Non-intrinsically Safe
Applications section:
http://www.sensorsportal.com/HTML/standard_6.htm

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